cress Who acts: tiny green leaves, small plant, We, cress, Egg sandwiches, Watercress · What happens: taste, eat, grow, be, flow, adorn · To what, where: salads, water, cress, wet cotton wool, little bit, clean
«cress» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cress in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A small plant with tiny green leaves that taste peppery, eaten in salads and sandwiches; watercress grows in water.
The tree, 19 words det amod nsubj case amod amod nmod nsubj acl:relcl xcomp punct conj case obl cc conj punct nsubj case obl punct root A DET small ADJ plant NOUN with ADP tiny ADJ green ADJ leaves NOUN that PRON taste VERB peppery ADJ , PUNCT eaten VERB in ADP salads NOUN and CCONJ sandwiches NOUN ; PUNCT watercress NOUN grows VERB in ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 plant det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 plant amod 3 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 19 grows nsubj 4 with with ADP _ 7 leaves case 5 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 7 leaves amod 6 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 7 leaves amod 7 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 3 plant nmod 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 taste nsubj 9 taste taste VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 leaves acl:relcl 10 peppery peppery ADJ Degree=Pos 9 taste xcomp 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 eaten punct 12 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 peppery conj 13 in in ADP _ 14 salads case 14 salads salad NOUN Number=Plur 12 eaten obl 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 sandwiches cc 16 sandwiches sandwich NOUN Number=Plur 14 salads conj 17 ; ; PUNCT _ 19 grows punct 18 watercress watercress NOUN Number=Sing 19 grows nsubj 19 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 20 in in ADP _ 21 water case 21 water water NOUN Number=Sing 19 grows obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 19 grows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 taste present tiny green leaves peppery property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 eat participle tiny green leaves not said here salads and sandwiches vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 grow present a small plant with tiny green leaves water vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 We grew cress on wet cotton wool in an eggshell.
nsubj obj case amod compound obl case det nmod punct root We PRON grew VERB cress NOUN on ADP wet ADJ cotton NOUN wool NOUN in ADP an DET eggshell NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 grew nsubj 2 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 cress cress NOUN Number=Sing 2 grew obj 4 on on ADP _ 7 wool case 5 wet wet ADJ Degree=Pos 7 wool amod 6 cotton cotton NOUN Number=Sing 7 wool compound 7 wool wool NOUN Number=Sing 2 grew obl 8 in in ADP _ 10 eggshell case 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 eggshell det 10 eggshell eggshell NOUN Number=Sing 7 wool nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past We cress wet cotton wool in a eggshell vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cress=Theme
Example 2 The cress grew towards the window.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET cress NOUN grew VERB towards ADP the DET window NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cress det 2 cress cress NOUN Number=Sing 3 grew nsubj 3 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 towards towards ADP _ 6 window case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 window det 6 window window NOUN Number=Sing 3 grew obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past the cress towards the window vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 Egg and cress sandwiches are my favourite.
compound cc conj nsubj cop nmod:poss punct root Egg NOUN and CCONJ cress NOUN sandwiches NOUN are AUX my PRON favourite ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Egg egg NOUN Number=Sing 4 sandwiches compound 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 cress cc 3 cress cress NOUN Number=Sing 1 Egg conj 4 sandwiches sandwich NOUN Number=Plur 7 favourite nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 favourite cop 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 favourite nmod:poss 7 favourite favourite ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 favourite punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Egg sandwiches favourite property tree rules
Example 4 Cress tastes a little bit peppery.
nsubj det amod obj amod punct root Cress NOUN tastes VERB a DET little ADJ bit NOUN peppery ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cress cress NOUN Number=Sing 2 tastes nsubj 2 tastes taste VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bit det 4 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bit amod 5 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 2 tastes obj 6 peppery peppery ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bit amod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 tastes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 taste present Cress a little bit vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme bit=Attribute
Example 5 Cress in the dark cupboard grew pale and yellow.
nsubj case det amod nmod xcomp cc conj punct root Cress NOUN in ADP the DET dark ADJ cupboard NOUN grew VERB pale ADJ and CCONJ yellow ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cress cress NOUN Number=Sing 6 grew nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 5 cupboard case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 cupboard det 4 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 5 cupboard amod 5 cupboard cupboard NOUN Number=Sing 1 Cress nmod 6 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 pale pale ADJ Degree=Pos 6 grew xcomp 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 yellow cc 9 yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pale conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past Cress in the dark cupboard pale property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Watercress grows in clean, flowing streams.
nsubj case obl punct advcl obj punct root Watercress NOUN grows VERB in ADP clean ADJ , PUNCT flowing VERB streams NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Watercress watercress NOUN Number=Sing 2 grows nsubj 2 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 clean case 4 clean clean ADJ Degree=Pos 2 grows obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 flowing punct 6 flowing flow VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 grows advcl 7 streams stream NOUN Number=Plur 6 flowing obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 grows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Watercress clean vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in clean=Location 2 flow gerund Watercress not said here streams vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location stream=Theme
Example 7 In her solitude my old maid was always busy at the window, which was adorned in summer with pretty flowers, and in winter with cress, grown upon felt.
The tree, 28 words case nmod:poss obl nmod:poss amod nsubj cop advmod case det obl punct nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl case obl case amod obl punct cc case obl case nmod punct conj case obl punct root In ADP her PRON solitude NOUN my PRON old ADJ maid NOUN was AUX always ADV busy ADJ at ADP the DET window NOUN , PUNCT which PRON was AUX adorned VERB in ADP summer NOUN with ADP pretty ADJ flowers NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ in ADP winter NOUN with ADP cress NOUN , PUNCT grown VERB upon ADP felt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 solitude case 2 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 solitude nmod:poss 3 solitude solitude NOUN Number=Sing 9 busy obl 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 maid nmod:poss 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 maid amod 6 maid maid NOUN Number=Sing 9 busy nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 busy cop 8 always always ADV PronType=Tot 9 busy advmod 9 busy busy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 10 at at ADP _ 12 window case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 window det 12 window window NOUN Number=Sing 9 busy obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 adorned punct 14 which which PRON PronType=Rel 16 adorned nsubj:pass 15 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 adorned aux:pass 16 adorned adorn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 window acl:relcl 17 in in ADP _ 18 summer case 18 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 16 adorned obl 19 with with ADP _ 21 flowers case 20 pretty pretty ADJ Degree=Pos 21 flowers amod 21 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 16 adorned obl 22 , , PUNCT _ 29 grown punct 23 and and CCONJ _ 29 grown cc 24 in in ADP _ 25 winter case 25 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 29 grown obl 26 with with ADP _ 27 cress case 27 cress cress NOUN Number=Sing 25 winter nmod 28 , , PUNCT _ 25 winter punct 29 grown grow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 busy conj 30 upon upon ADP _ 31 felt case 31 felt felt NOUN Number=Sing 29 grown obl 32 . . PUNCT _ 9 busy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past my old maid her solitude at the window; always, busy property tree rules 2 adorn past · passive the window summer with pretty flowers vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with flower=Theme 3 grow participle my old maid not said here felt winter vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon felt=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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