crocus Who acts: small flower, flowers, kind, first crocuses, We, Saffron · What happens: grow, come up, shape, kind, give, make · To what, where: saffron, spice, red threads, crocus bulbs, school garden, bee
«crocus» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crocus in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A small flower that grows from a bulb-like corm and comes up early in spring, often purple, yellow or white, shaped like a cup.
The tree, 25 words det amod nsubj acl:relcl case det compound punct amod obl cc conj compound:prt advmod case obl punct advmod parataxis punct conj cc conj punct parataxis case det obl punct root A DET small ADJ flower NOUN that PRON grows VERB from ADP a DET bulb NOUN - PUNCT like ADJ corm NOUN and CCONJ comes VERB up ADP early ADV in ADP spring NOUN , PUNCT often ADV purple ADJ , PUNCT yellow ADJ or CCONJ white ADJ , PUNCT shaped VERB like ADP a DET cup NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 flower det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 flower amod 3 flower flower NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 grows nsubj 5 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 flower acl:relcl 6 from from ADP _ 11 corm case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 corm det 8 bulb bulb NOUN Number=Sing 10 like compound 9 - - PUNCT _ 8 bulb punct 10 like like ADJ Degree=Pos 11 corm amod 11 corm corm NOUN Number=Sing 5 grows obl 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 comes cc 13 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 grows conj 14 up up ADP _ 13 comes compound:prt 15 early early ADV Degree=Pos 13 comes advmod 16 in in ADP _ 17 spring case 17 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 13 comes obl 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 purple punct 19 often often ADV _ 20 purple advmod 20 purple purple ADJ Degree=Pos 5 grows parataxis 21 , , PUNCT _ 22 yellow punct 22 yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 20 purple conj 23 or or CCONJ _ 24 white cc 24 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 20 purple conj 25 , , PUNCT _ 26 shaped punct 26 shaped shape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 20 purple parataxis 27 like like ADP _ 29 cup case 28 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 29 cup det 29 cup cup NOUN Number=Sing 26 shaped obl 30 . . PUNCT _ 3 flower punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present a small flower from a like corm vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from corm=Patient 2 come up present a small flower not said here spring early property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 shape participle like a cup vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A kind of crocus that flowers in autumn gives saffron, a spice made from its red threads.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj case nmod det nsubj case nmod obj punct det appos acl case nmod:poss amod obl punct root A DET kind NOUN of ADP crocus NOUN that PRON flowers NOUN in ADP autumn NOUN gives VERB saffron NOUN , PUNCT a DET spice NOUN made VERB from ADP its PRON red ADJ threads NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 kind det 2 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 9 gives nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 crocus case 4 crocus crocus NOUN Number=Sing 2 kind nmod 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 flowers det 6 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 2 kind nsubj 7 in in ADP _ 8 autumn case 8 autumn autumn NOUN Number=Sing 2 kind nmod 9 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 saffron saffron NOUN Number=Sing 9 gives obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 spice punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 spice det 13 spice spice NOUN Number=Sing 10 saffron appos 14 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 spice acl 15 from from ADP _ 18 threads case 16 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 threads nmod:poss 17 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 18 threads amod 18 threads thread NOUN Number=Plur 14 made obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 9 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 kind that flowers autumn of crocus tree rules 2 give present a kind saffron vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saffron=Theme 3 make participle a spice not said here kind's red threads vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from thread=Material
Example 1 The first crocuses were peeping through the snow.
det amod nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET first ADJ crocuses NOUN were AUX peeping VERB through ADP the DET snow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 crocuses det 2 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 crocuses amod 3 crocuses crocus NOUN Number=Plur 5 peeping nsubj 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 peeping aux 5 peeping peep VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 through through ADP _ 8 snow case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 snow det 8 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 5 peeping obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 peeping punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 peep past · progressive the first crocuses through the snow vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through snow=Theme
Example 2 We planted crocus bulbs in the school garden in autumn.
nsubj compound obj case det compound obl case obl punct root We PRON planted VERB crocus NOUN bulbs NOUN in ADP the DET school NOUN garden NOUN in ADP autumn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 planted nsubj 2 planted plant VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 crocus crocus NOUN Number=Sing 4 bulbs compound 4 bulbs bulb NOUN Number=Plur 2 planted obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 garden case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 garden det 7 school school NOUN Number=Sing 8 garden compound 8 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 2 planted obl 9 in in ADP _ 10 autumn case 10 autumn autumn NOUN Number=Sing 2 planted obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 planted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plant past We crocus bulbs the school garden autumn vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bulb=Theme in garden=Destination
Example 3 A bee buzzed into a purple crocus.
det acl case det amod obl punct root A DET bee NOUN buzzed VERB into ADP a DET purple ADJ crocus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bee det 2 bee bee NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 buzzed buzz VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 bee acl 4 into into ADP _ 7 crocus case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 crocus det 6 purple purple ADJ Degree=Pos 7 crocus amod 7 crocus crocus NOUN Number=Sing 3 buzzed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 bee punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buzz participle a bee not said here a purple crocus vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent into crocus=Recipient
Example 4 Saffron comes from a special crocus.
nsubj case det amod obl punct root Saffron NOUN comes VERB from ADP a DET special ADJ crocus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Saffron saffron NOUN Number=Sing 2 comes nsubj 2 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from ADP _ 6 crocus case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 crocus det 5 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 6 crocus amod 6 crocus crocus NOUN Number=Sing 2 comes obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Saffron a special crocus vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from crocus=Initial_Location
Example 5 The park lawn was covered in yellow and white crocuses.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod cc conj obl punct root The DET park NOUN lawn NOUN was AUX covered VERB in ADP yellow ADJ and CCONJ white ADJ crocuses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 lawn det 2 park park NOUN Number=Sing 3 lawn compound 3 lawn lawn NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 covered aux:pass 5 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 in in ADP _ 10 crocuses case 7 yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 10 crocuses amod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 white cc 9 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 7 yellow conj 10 crocuses crocus NOUN Number=Plur 5 covered obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover past · passive the park lawn in yellow crocuses vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in crocus=Theme
Example 6 Crocuses close their petals when it is cloudy.
nsubj nmod:poss obj advmod nsubj cop advcl punct root Crocuses NOUN close VERB their PRON petals NOUN when ADV it PRON is AUX cloudy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crocuses crocus NOUN Number=Plur 2 close nsubj 2 close close VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 petals nmod:poss 4 petals petal NOUN Number=Plur 2 close obj 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 cloudy advmod 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 cloudy nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 cloudy cop 8 cloudy cloudy ADJ Degree=Pos 2 close advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 close punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close present Crocuses Crocuses's petals vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent petal=Patient 2 is present it cloudy property tree rules
Example 7 It was in the early spring, when the crocus and the snowdrop were in full bloom.
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop case det amod punct advmod det nsubj cc det conj cop case amod conj punct root It PRON was AUX in ADP the DET early ADJ spring NOUN , PUNCT when ADV the DET crocus NOUN and CCONJ the DET snowdrop NOUN were AUX in ADP full ADJ bloom NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 spring nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 spring cop 3 in in ADP _ 6 spring case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 spring det 5 early early ADJ Degree=Pos 6 spring amod 6 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 17 bloom punct 8 when when ADV PronType=Int 17 bloom advmod 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 crocus det 10 crocus crocus NOUN Number=Sing 17 bloom nsubj 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 snowdrop cc 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 snowdrop det 13 snowdrop snowdrop NOUN Number=Sing 10 crocus conj 14 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 bloom cop 15 in in ADP _ 17 bloom case 16 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 17 bloom amod 17 bloom bloom NOUN Number=Sing 6 spring conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 spring punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past It in the early spring and full bloom tree rules 2 is past the crocus and the snowdrop full bloom tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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