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croissant

Who acts: croissant, I, we · What happens: shape, curve, make, eat, mean, grow · To what, where: soft flaky buttery bread roll, France, warm croissant, crumbs, croissants, Paris

«croissant» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: croissant in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A soft, flaky, buttery bread roll shaped like a crescent (a curved moon), first made famous in France and eaten for breakfast. In French, croissant also means crescent or growing.

Sentence 1: A soft, flaky, buttery bread roll shaped like a crescent (a curved moon), first made famous in France and eaten for breakfast.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 roll	det
2	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 roll	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 soft	punct
4	flaky	flaky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 roll	amod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 flaky	punct
6	buttery	buttery	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 roll	amod
7	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 roll	compound
8	roll	roll	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	shaped	shape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 roll	acl
10	like	like	ADP	_	12 crescent	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 crescent	det
12	crescent	crescent	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 shaped	obl
13	(	(	PUNCT	_	16 moon	punct
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 moon	det
15	curved	curve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 moon	amod
16	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 crescent	appos
17	)	)	PUNCT	_	16 moon	punct
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 made	punct
19	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	20 made	advmod
20	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 roll	acl
21	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 made	xcomp
22	in	in	ADP	_	23 France	case
23	France	France	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 made	obl
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 eaten	cc
25	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 made	conj
26	for	for	ADP	_	27 breakfast	case
27	breakfast	breakfast	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 eaten	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 roll	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shape	participle		a soft flaky buttery bread roll not said here				like a crescent	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2	curve	participle							vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material
3	make	participle		a soft flaky buttery bread roll not said here		France		famous, first property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
4	eat	participle						for breakfast	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: In French, croissant also means crescent or growing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 French	case
2	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 means	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 croissant	punct
4	croissant	croissant	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 means	nsubj
5	also	also	ADV	_	6 means	advmod
6	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	crescent	crescent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 means	xcomp
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 growing	cc
9	growing	grow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 crescent	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	croissant					in French; crescent property	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in french=Attribute
2	grow	gerund	croissant not said here						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 1

I had a warm croissant with jam for breakfast.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 croissant	det
4	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 croissant	amod
5	croissant	croissant	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 jam	case
7	jam	jam	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 croissant	nmod
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 breakfast	case
9	breakfast	breakfast	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 jam	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	I	a warm croissant				with jam for breakfast	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent croissant=Patient

Example 2

The croissant was so flaky it left crumbs everywhere.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 croissant	det
2	croissant	croissant	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 flaky	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 flaky	cop
4	so	so	ADV	_	5 flaky	advmod
5	flaky	flaky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 left	nsubj
7	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 flaky	ccomp
8	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 left	obj
9	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 left	advmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 flaky	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the croissant					flaky property	tree rules
2	leave	past	croissant	crumbs				everywhere property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crumb=Theme

Example 3

In Paris we bought croissants from a bakery.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Paris	case
2	Paris	Paris	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 bought	obl
3	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 bought	nsubj
4	bought	buy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	croissants	croissant	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 bought	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 bakery	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bakery	det
8	bakery	bakery	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bought	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 bought	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	buy	past	we	croissants		Paris		from a bakery	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent croissant=Theme from bakery=Source

Example 4

Croissants are made with lots of butter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Croissants	croissant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 lots	case
5	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 butter	case
7	butter	butter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lots	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Croissants				with lots of butter	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Example 5

Can I have a chocolate croissant, please?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 have	aux
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 croissant	det
5	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 croissant	compound
6	croissant	croissant	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct
8	please	please	INTJ	_	3 have	discourse
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	can	I	a chocolate croissant					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent croissant=Patient

Example 6

Croissant means crescent in French because of its shape.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Croissant	croissant	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	crescent	crescent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	xcomp
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 French	case
5	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 means	obl
6	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	9 shape	case
7	of	of	ADP	_	6 because	fixed
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 shape	nmod:poss
9	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Croissant					because Croissant's shape; in French; crescent property	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in french=Attribute

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/croissant/