crumple Who acts: cloth, He, face, you, storm, wonderful paper crane · What happens: crumple, be, become, crease up, cry, mean · To what, where: paper, heap, letter, shirt, paper ball, runner · Speech: someone speaks here
«crumple» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crumple in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To crumple paper or cloth is to squeeze it so that it becomes full of creases.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl obj cc conj cop mark obj mark fixed nsubj advcl xcomp case obl punct root To PART crumple VERB paper NOUN or CCONJ cloth NOUN is AUX to PART squeeze VERB it PRON so SCONJ that SCONJ it PRON becomes VERB full ADJ of ADP creases NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crumple mark 2 crumple crumple VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 squeeze advcl 3 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 2 crumple obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 cloth cc 5 cloth cloth NOUN Number=Sing 3 paper conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 squeeze cop 7 to to PART _ 8 squeeze mark 8 squeeze squeeze VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 squeeze obj 10 so so SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 13 becomes mark 11 that that SCONJ _ 10 so fixed 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 becomes nsubj 13 becomes become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 squeeze advcl 14 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 13 becomes xcomp 15 of of ADP _ 16 creases case 16 creases crease NOUN Number=Plur 14 full obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 8 squeeze punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crumple to-infinitive paper or cloth vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent paper=Patient 2 is present squeeze property tree rules 3 become present cloth full property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To crumple is to fall down suddenly in a heap, or for a face to crease up before crying.
The tree, 19 words mark csubj cop mark compound:prt advmod case det obl punct cc case det appos mark acl compound:prt mark advcl punct root To PART crumple VERB is AUX to PART fall VERB down ADP suddenly ADV in ADP a DET heap NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ for ADP a DET face NOUN to PART crease VERB up ADP before SCONJ crying VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crumple mark 2 crumple crumple VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 fall csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fall cop 4 to to PART _ 5 fall mark 5 fall fall VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 down down ADP _ 5 fall compound:prt 7 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 5 fall advmod 8 in in ADP _ 10 heap case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 heap det 10 heap heap NOUN Number=Sing 5 fall obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 face punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 15 face cc 13 for for ADP _ 15 face case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 face det 15 face face NOUN Number=Sing 10 heap appos 16 to to PART _ 17 crease mark 17 crease crease VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 face acl 18 up up ADP _ 17 crease compound:prt 19 before before SCONJ _ 20 crying mark 20 crying cry VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 17 crease advcl 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 fall punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crumple to-infinitive vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present a heap fall, suddenly property tree rules 3 crease up to-infinitive vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 cry speech: express gerund vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 To crumple can mean to collapse or be crushed, like a car in a crash.
The tree, 15 words mark csubj aux mark xcomp cc aux:pass conj punct case det conj case det nmod punct root To PART crumple VERB can AUX mean VERB to PART collapse VERB or CCONJ be AUX crushed VERB , PUNCT like ADP a DET car NOUN in ADP a DET crash NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crumple mark 2 crumple crumple VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean csubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 collapse mark 6 collapse collapse VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 9 crushed cc 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 crushed aux:pass 9 crushed crush VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 collapse conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 car punct 11 like like ADP _ 13 car case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 car det 13 car car NOUN Number=Sing 9 crushed conj 14 in in ADP _ 16 crash case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 crash det 16 crash crash NOUN Number=Sing 13 car nmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crumple to-infinitive vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 mean can vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 collapse not said to happen to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 crush infinitive · passive vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»
Example 1 He crumpled up the letter and threw it away.
nsubj compound:prt det obj cc conj obj advmod punct root He PRON crumpled VERB up ADP the DET letter NOUN and CCONJ threw VERB it PRON away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 crumpled nsubj 2 crumpled crumple VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 crumpled compound:prt 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 letter det 5 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 2 crumpled obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 threw cc 7 threw throw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 crumpled conj 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 threw obj 9 away away ADV _ 7 threw advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 crumpled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crumple up past He the letter vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent letter=Patient 2 throw away past He not said here letter away property vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Example 2 My shirt was crumpled after the long trip.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case det amod obl punct root My PRON shirt NOUN was AUX crumpled VERB after ADP the DET long ADJ trip NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 shirt nmod:poss 2 shirt shirt NOUN Number=Sing 4 crumpled nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 crumpled aux:pass 4 crumpled crumple VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 after after ADP _ 8 trip case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 trip det 7 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 8 trip amod 8 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 4 crumpled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 crumpled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crumple past · passive My shirt after the long trip vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
Example 3 Her face crumpled and she started to cry.
nmod:poss nsubj cc nsubj conj mark xcomp punct root Her PRON face NOUN crumpled VERB and CCONJ she PRON started VERB to PART cry VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 face nmod:poss 2 face face NOUN Number=Sing 3 crumpled nsubj 3 crumpled crumple VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 started cc 5 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 started nsubj 6 started start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 crumpled conj 7 to to PART _ 8 cry mark 8 cry cry VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 started xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 crumpled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crumple past Her face vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 start past face vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 cry speech: express to-infinitive face not said here vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The paper ball was crumpled and soft.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass cc conj punct root The DET paper NOUN ball NOUN was AUX crumpled VERB and CCONJ soft ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 ball det 2 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 3 ball compound 3 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 5 crumpled nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 crumpled aux:pass 5 crumpled crumple VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 soft cc 7 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 5 crumpled conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 crumpled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crumple past · passive the paper ball vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
Example 5 The runner crumpled to the ground at the finish line.
det acl case det obl case det compound obl punct root The DET runner NOUN crumpled VERB to ADP the DET ground NOUN at ADP the DET finish NOUN line NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 runner det 2 runner runner NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 crumpled crumple VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 runner acl 4 to to ADP _ 6 ground case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 ground det 6 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 3 crumpled obl 7 at at ADP _ 10 line case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 line det 9 finish finish NOUN Number=Sing 10 line compound 10 line line NOUN Number=Sing 3 crumpled obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 runner punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crumple participle the runner not said here the finish line to the ground result vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent to ground=Result
Example 6 The front of a car is built to crumple in a crash.
det nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass mark advcl case det obl punct root The DET front NOUN of ADP a DET car NOUN is AUX built VERB to PART crumple VERB in ADP a DET crash NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 front det 2 front front NOUN Number=Sing 7 built nsubj:pass 3 of of ADP _ 5 car case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 car det 5 car car NOUN Number=Sing 2 front nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 built aux:pass 7 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 to to PART _ 9 crumple mark 9 crumple crumple VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 built advcl 10 in in ADP _ 12 crash case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 crash det 12 crash crash NOUN Number=Sing 9 crumple obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build present · passive the front of a car vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product 2 crumple to-infinitive a crash vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 Don't crumple your homework into your bag.
aux advmod nmod:poss obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Do AUX n't PART crumple VERB your PRON homework NOUN into ADP your PRON bag NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 crumple aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 crumple advmod 3 crumple crumple VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 homework nmod:poss 5 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 3 crumple obj 6 into into ADP _ 8 bag case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 bag nmod:poss 8 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 3 crumple obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 crumple punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not crumple imperative · do-support you not said here your homework into your bag result vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent homework=Patient into bag=Result
Example 8 Then a storm came on, and the wonderful paper crane got damp, crumpled up, and fell into the sea.
The tree, 19 words advmod det nsubj advmod punct cc det amod compound nsubj conj xcomp punct xcomp compound:prt punct cc conj case det obl punct root Then ADV a DET storm NOUN came VERB on ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET wonderful ADJ paper NOUN crane NOUN got VERB damp ADJ , PUNCT crumpled VERB up ADP , PUNCT and CCONJ fell VERB into ADP the DET sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 4 came advmod 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 storm det 3 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 4 came nsubj 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADV _ 4 came advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 12 got punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 12 got cc 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 crane det 9 wonderful wonderful ADJ Degree=Pos 11 crane amod 10 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 11 crane compound 11 crane crane NOUN Number=Sing 12 got nsubj 12 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 came conj 13 damp damp ADJ Degree=Pos 12 got xcomp 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 crumpled punct 15 crumpled crumple VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 got xcomp 16 up up ADP _ 15 crumpled compound:prt 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 fell punct 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 fell cc 19 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 came conj 20 into into ADP _ 22 sea case 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 sea det 22 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 19 fell obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 4 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come on past a storm then vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 get past the wonderful paper crane damp property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 crumple up participle the wonderful paper crane not said here vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 fall past a storm not said here into the sea result vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into sea=Result
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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