cry Who acts: tears, you, cry, someone, baby, It · What happens: cry, be, come, hurt, cry out, call · To what, where: eyes, loud sound, sign, help, cry, wedding · Speech: someone speaks here
«cry» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cry in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To cry is to have tears come from your eyes because you are sad, hurt, or very happy.
The tree, 18 words mark csubj cop mark nsubj ccomp case nmod:poss obl mark nsubj cop advcl punct conj punct cc advmod conj punct root To PART cry VERB is AUX to PART have VERB tears NOUN come VERB from ADP your PRON eyes NOUN because SCONJ you PRON are AUX sad ADJ , PUNCT hurt VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ very ADV happy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cry mark 2 cry cry VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 have csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 have cop 4 to to PART _ 5 have mark 5 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 tears tear NOUN Number=Plur 7 come nsubj 7 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 have ccomp 8 from from ADP _ 10 eyes case 9 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 eyes nmod:poss 10 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 7 come obl 11 because because SCONJ _ 14 sad mark 12 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 14 sad nsubj 13 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 sad cop 14 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 7 come advcl 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 hurt punct 16 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 sad conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 20 happy punct 18 or or CCONJ _ 20 happy cc 19 very very ADV _ 20 happy advmod 20 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 16 hurt conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express to-infinitive vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present have property tree rules 3 come present tears your eyes vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from eye=Initial_Location 4 is present you sad property tree rules 5 hurt participle you not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To cry (out) is to shout or call loudly.
mark advcl punct compound:prt punct cop mark cc conj advmod punct root To PART cry VERB ( PUNCT out ADP ) PUNCT is AUX to PART shout VERB or CCONJ call VERB loudly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cry mark 2 cry cry VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 shout advcl 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 out punct 4 out out ADP _ 2 cry compound:prt 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 cry punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 shout cop 7 to to PART _ 8 shout mark 8 shout shout VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 call cc 10 call call VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 8 shout conj 11 loudly loudly ADV _ 10 call advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry out speech: express to-infinitive vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present shout property tree rules 3 call infinitive loudly property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 A cry is a loud sound of pain, fear or calling, or the sound of an animal or bird.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct conj cc conj punct cc det conj case det nmod cc conj punct root A DET cry NOUN is AUX a DET loud ADJ sound NOUN of ADP pain NOUN , PUNCT fear NOUN or CCONJ calling VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ the DET sound NOUN of ADP an DET animal NOUN or CCONJ bird NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cry det 2 cry cry NOUN Number=Sing 6 sound nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sound cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sound det 5 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sound amod 6 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 pain case 8 pain pain NOUN Number=Sing 6 sound nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 fear punct 10 fear fear NOUN Number=Sing 8 pain conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 calling cc 12 calling call VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 pain conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 sound punct 14 or or CCONJ _ 16 sound cc 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 sound det 16 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 6 sound conj 17 of of ADP _ 19 animal case 18 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 animal det 19 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 16 sound nmod 20 or or CCONJ _ 21 bird cc 21 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 19 animal conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 sound punct
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1 is a present a cry a loud sound or the sound of a animal or bird of pain and fear tree rules 2 call gerund a cry not said here vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 A cry for help is a sign that someone needs help.
det nsubj case nmod cop det mark nsubj acl obj punct root A DET cry NOUN for ADP help NOUN is AUX a DET sign NOUN that SCONJ someone PRON needs VERB help NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cry det 2 cry cry NOUN Number=Sing 7 sign nsubj 3 for for ADP _ 4 help case 4 help help NOUN Number=Sing 2 cry nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 sign cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 sign det 7 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 that that SCONJ _ 10 needs mark 9 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 needs nsubj 10 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 sign acl 11 help help NOUN Number=Sing 10 needs obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 sign punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cry for help a sign tree rules 2 need present someone help vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme
Example 1 The baby cried all night.
det nsubj det obl:unmarked punct root The DET baby NOUN cried VERB all DET night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 baby det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 3 cried nsubj 3 cried cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 night det 5 night night NOUN Number=Sing 3 cried obl:unmarked 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 cried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express past the baby night vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 It's okay to cry when you are sad.
nsubj cop mark csubj mark nsubj cop advcl punct root It PRON 's AUX okay ADJ to PART cry VERB when SCONJ you PRON are AUX sad ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 okay nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 okay cop 3 okay okay ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 cry mark 5 cry cry VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 okay csubj 6 when when SCONJ _ 9 sad mark 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 sad nsubj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 sad cop 9 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 5 cry advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 okay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It okay property tree rules 2 cry speech: express to-infinitive vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is present you sad property tree rules
Example 3 "Help!" he cried.
punct obl punct punct nsubj punct root " PUNCT Help NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT he PRON cried VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Help punct 2 Help help NOUN Number=Sing 6 cried obl 3 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Help punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 2 Help punct 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 cried nsubj 6 cried cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 cried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express past he Help vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 We heard the cry of a seagull.
nsubj det obj case det nmod punct root We PRON heard VERB the DET cry NOUN of ADP a DET seagull NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cry det 4 cry cry NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 seagull case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 seagull det 7 seagull seagull NOUN Number=Sing 4 cry nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We the cry of a seagull vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer cry=Stimulus 2 cry a seagull nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent
Example 5 She cried with happiness at the wedding.
nsubj case obl case det obl punct root She PRON cried VERB with ADP happiness NOUN at ADP the DET wedding NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 cried nsubj 2 cried cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 happiness case 4 happiness happiness NOUN Number=Sing 2 cried obl 5 at at ADP _ 7 wedding case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 wedding det 7 wedding wedding NOUN Number=Sing 2 cried obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 cried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express past She the wedding with happiness vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with happiness=Theme
Example 6 If you cry wolf, nobody will believe you.
mark nsubj advcl obj punct nsubj aux obj punct root If SCONJ you PRON cry VERB wolf NOUN , PUNCT nobody PRON will AUX believe VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 cry mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 cry nsubj 3 cry cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 believe advcl 4 wolf wolf NOUN Number=Sing 3 cry obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 3 cry punct 6 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 8 believe nsubj 7 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 believe aux 8 believe believe VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 9 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 believe obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 believe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express a condition, not said to happen present you wolf vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Topic 2 believe future nobody you vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus
Example 7 There's no use crying over spilt milk.
expl det nsubj acl case amod obl punct root There PRON 's VERB no DET use NOUN crying VERB over ADP spilt ADJ milk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 's expl 2 's be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 no no DET PronType=Neg 4 use det 4 use use NOUN Number=Sing 2 's nsubj 5 crying cry VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 use acl 6 over over ADP _ 8 milk case 7 spilt spilt ADJ Degree=Pos 8 milk amod 8 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 5 crying obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 's punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present no use there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 cry speech: express gerund no use not said here spilt milk vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over milk=Location
Example 8 I heard a cry for help from the river.
nsubj det obj case obl case det obl punct root I PRON heard VERB a DET cry NOUN for ADP help NOUN from ADP the DET river NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 cry det 4 cry cry NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 5 for for ADP _ 6 help case 6 help help NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obl 7 from from ADP _ 9 river case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 river det 9 river river NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past I a cry the river for help vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent cry=Topic from river=Source
Example 9 "Where are you going?" cries Yegory.
punct advmod aux nsubj csubj punct punct obj punct root " PUNCT Where ADV are AUX you PRON going VERB ? PUNCT " PUNCT cries VERB Yegory PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 going punct 2 Where where ADV PronType=Rel 5 going advmod 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 going aux 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 going nsubj 5 going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 cries csubj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 going punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 5 going punct 8 cries cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 Yegory Yegory PROPN Number=Sing 8 cries obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 cries punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go in a quote present · progressive you vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 cry speech: express present Yegory vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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