cuddle Who acts: cuddle, Mum, baby, We, puppy, I · What happens: cuddle, be, show, comfort, cuddle up, sit · To what, where: someone, arms, love, long warm hug, big cuddle, me · Speech: someone speaks here
«cuddle» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cuddle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To cuddle someone is to hold them close in your arms to show love or to comfort them.
The tree, 18 words mark advcl obj cop mark obj xcomp case nmod:poss obl mark advcl obj cc mark conj obj punct root To PART cuddle VERB someone PRON is AUX to PART hold VERB them PRON close ADJ in ADP your PRON arms NOUN to PART show VERB love NOUN or CCONJ to PART comfort VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cuddle mark 2 cuddle cuddle VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 hold advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 cuddle obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 hold cop 5 to to PART _ 6 hold mark 6 hold hold VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 hold obj 8 close close ADJ Degree=Pos 6 hold xcomp 9 in in ADP _ 11 arms case 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 arms nmod:poss 11 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 6 hold obl 12 to to PART _ 13 show mark 13 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 hold advcl 14 love love NOUN Number=Sing 13 show obj 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 comfort cc 16 to to PART _ 17 comfort mark 17 comfort comfort VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 show conj 18 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 comfort obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 hold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cuddle to-infinitive someone vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Co-Agent 2 is present your arms close, hold property tree rules 3 show to-infinitive love vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent love=Recipient 4 comfort to-infinitive arms = arm vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A cuddle is a long, warm hug.
det nsubj cop det amod punct amod punct root A DET cuddle NOUN is AUX a DET long ADJ , PUNCT warm ADJ hug NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cuddle det 2 cuddle cuddle NOUN Number=Sing 8 hug nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 hug cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 hug det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 8 hug amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 long punct 7 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 8 hug amod 8 hug hug NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 hug punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cuddle a long warm hug tree rules
Meaning 3 To cuddle up is to lie or sit close to someone to be warm and comfortable.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl compound:prt cop mark cc conj xcomp case obl mark cop advcl cc conj punct root To PART cuddle VERB up ADP is AUX to PART lie VERB or CCONJ sit VERB close ADJ to ADP someone PRON to PART be AUX warm ADJ and CCONJ comfortable ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cuddle mark 2 cuddle cuddle VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 lie advcl 3 up up ADP _ 2 cuddle compound:prt 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 lie cop 5 to to PART _ 6 lie mark 6 lie lie VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 sit cc 8 sit sit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 lie conj 9 close close ADJ Degree=Pos 8 sit xcomp 10 to to ADP _ 11 someone case 11 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 sit obl 12 to to PART _ 14 warm mark 13 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 14 warm cop 14 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 8 sit advcl 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 comfortable cc 16 comfortable comfortable ADJ Degree=Pos 14 warm conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 lie punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cuddle up to-infinitive vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present lie property tree rules 3 sit infinitive to someone; close property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 is to-infinitive warm property tree rules 5 be tree rules
Example 1 Mum gave me a big cuddle.
nsubj iobj det amod obj punct root Mum NOUN gave VERB me PRON a DET big ADJ cuddle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 gave iobj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cuddle det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cuddle amod 6 cuddle cuddle NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past Mum a big cuddle me vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient cuddle=Theme
Example 2 The baby likes to cuddle her teddy.
det nsubj mark xcomp nmod:poss obj punct root The DET baby NOUN likes VERB to PART cuddle VERB her PRON teddy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 baby det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 3 likes nsubj 3 likes like VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 cuddle mark 5 cuddle cuddle VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 likes xcomp 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 teddy nmod:poss 7 teddy teddy NOUN Number=Sing 5 cuddle obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 likes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 like present the baby vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 cuddle not said to happen to-infinitive the baby not said here baby's teddy vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teddy=Co-Agent
Example 3 We cuddled up on the sofa to watch a film.
nsubj compound:prt case det obl mark advcl det obj punct root We PRON cuddled VERB up ADP on ADP the DET sofa NOUN to PART watch VERB a DET film NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 cuddled nsubj 2 cuddled cuddle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 cuddled compound:prt 4 on on ADP _ 6 sofa case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sofa det 6 sofa sofa NOUN Number=Sing 2 cuddled obl 7 to to PART _ 8 watch mark 8 watch watch VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 cuddled advcl 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 film det 10 film film NOUN Number=Sing 8 watch obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 cuddled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cuddle up past We the sofa vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 watch to-infinitive We not said here a film vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent film=Theme
Example 4 The puppy loves cuddles.
det nsubj obj punct root The DET puppy NOUN loves VERB cuddles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 puppy det 2 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 3 loves nsubj 3 loves love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 cuddles cuddle NOUN Number=Plur 3 loves obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 loves punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present the puppy cuddles vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cuddle=Stimulus
Example 5 Can I have a cuddle?
aux nsubj det obj punct root Can AUX I PRON have VERB a DET cuddle NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 have aux 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 have nsubj 3 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 cuddle det 5 cuddle cuddle NOUN Number=Sing 3 have obj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have can I a cuddle vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cuddle=Patient
Example 6 My cuddly toy is a rabbit.
nmod:poss amod nsubj cop det punct root My PRON cuddly ADJ toy NOUN is AUX a DET rabbit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 toy nmod:poss 2 cuddly cuddly ADJ Degree=Pos 3 toy amod 3 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 6 rabbit nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 rabbit cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 rabbit det 6 rabbit rabbit NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 rabbit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present My cuddly toy a rabbit tree rules
Example 7 It's OK to say «no thank you» to a cuddle.
nsubj cop mark csubj punct det ccomp obj punct case det obl punct root It PRON 's AUX OK ADJ to PART say VERB « PUNCT no DET thank VERB you PRON » PUNCT to ADP a DET cuddle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 OK nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 OK cop 3 OK ok ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 say mark 5 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 OK csubj 6 « « PUNCT _ 8 thank punct 7 no no DET PronType=Neg 8 thank det 8 thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 say ccomp 9 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 thank obj 10 » » PUNCT _ 8 thank punct 11 to to ADP _ 13 cuddle case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 cuddle det 13 cuddle cuddle NOUN Number=Sing 8 thank obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 OK punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It ok property tree rules 2 say speech: assert to-infinitive vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 thank speech: thank in a quote present you to a cuddle vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
Example 8 He was able to sit up in bed and look at picture-books, while the little Rabbit cuddled close at his side.
The tree, 22 words nsubj cop mark xcomp compound:prt case obl cc conj case compound punct obl punct mark det amod obl acl advmod case nmod:poss obl punct root He PRON was AUX able ADJ to PART sit VERB up ADP in ADP bed NOUN and CCONJ look VERB at ADP picture NOUN - PUNCT books NOUN , PUNCT while SCONJ the DET little ADJ Rabbit NOUN cuddled VERB close ADV at ADP his PRON side NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 able nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 able cop 3 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 sit mark 5 sit sit VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 able xcomp 6 up up ADP _ 5 sit compound:prt 7 in in ADP _ 8 bed case 8 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 5 sit obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 look cc 10 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 sit conj 11 at at ADP _ 14 books case 12 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 14 books compound 13 - - PUNCT _ 12 picture punct 14 books book NOUN Number=Plur 10 look obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 Rabbit punct 16 while while SCONJ _ 19 Rabbit mark 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 Rabbit det 18 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 19 Rabbit amod 19 Rabbit rabbit NOUN Number=Sing 5 sit obl 20 cuddled cuddle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 19 Rabbit acl 21 close close ADV Degree=Pos 20 cuddled advmod 22 at at ADP _ 24 side case 23 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 24 side nmod:poss 24 side side NOUN Number=Sing 20 cuddled obl 25 . . PUNCT _ 3 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past He able property tree rules 2 sit up to-infinitive He not said here the little Rabbit bed vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in bed=Location 3 look infinitive He not said here at picture books vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at book=Theme 4 cuddle participle the little Rabbit not said here Rabbit's side close property vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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