cuff Who acts: cuff, Cuffs, someone, He, police, boy · What happens: be, turn, turn up, cuff, put, measure · To what, where: end part, turned fold, bottom, handcuffs, someone, light hit
«cuff» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cuff in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A cuff is the end part of a sleeve, around the wrist.
det nsubj cop det compound case det nmod punct case det conj punct root A DET cuff NOUN is AUX the DET end NOUN part NOUN of ADP a DET sleeve NOUN , PUNCT around ADP the DET wrist NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cuff det 2 cuff cuff NOUN Number=Sing 6 part nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 part cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 part det 5 end end NOUN Number=Sing 6 part compound 6 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 sleeve case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 sleeve det 9 sleeve sleeve NOUN Number=Sing 6 part nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 wrist punct 11 around around ADP _ 13 wrist case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 wrist det 13 wrist wrist NOUN Number=Sing 6 part conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cuff the end part and the wrist of a sleeve tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: US — kept apart, not parsed.
A cuff is a turned-up fold at the bottom of a trouser leg (UK: turn-up).
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det amod punct compound case det nmod case det compound nmod punct appos punct parataxis punct compound:prt punct punct root A DET cuff NOUN is AUX a DET turned VERB - PUNCT up NOUN fold NOUN at ADP the DET bottom NOUN of ADP a DET trouser NOUN leg NOUN ( PUNCT UK PROPN : PUNCT turn VERB - PUNCT up ADP ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cuff det 2 cuff cuff NOUN Number=Sing 8 fold nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 fold cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 fold det 5 turned turn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 fold amod 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 turned punct 7 up up NOUN Number=Sing 5 turned compound 8 fold fold NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 at at ADP _ 11 bottom case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 bottom det 11 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 8 fold nmod 12 of of ADP _ 15 leg case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 leg det 14 trouser trouser NOUN Number=Sing 15 leg compound 15 leg leg NOUN Number=Sing 11 bottom nmod 16 ( ( PUNCT _ 17 UK punct 17 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 15 leg appos 18 : : PUNCT _ 19 turn punct 19 turn turn VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 8 fold parataxis 20 - - PUNCT _ 21 up punct 21 up up ADP _ 19 turn compound:prt 22 ) ) PUNCT _ 19 turn punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 8 fold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn participle vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 is a present a cuff a turned fold the bottom of a trouser leg tree rules 3 turn up infinitive vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Cuffs (informal) are handcuffs, and to cuff someone is to put handcuffs on them.
The tree, 14 words nsubj punct appos punct cop punct cc mark acl:relcl nsubj cop mark ccomp obj case obl punct root Cuffs NOUN ( PUNCT informal NOUN ) PUNCT are AUX handcuffs NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ to PART cuff VERB someone PRON is AUX to PART put VERB handcuffs NOUN on ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cuffs cuff NOUN Number=Plur 6 handcuffs nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 3 informal informal NOUN Number=Sing 1 Cuffs appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 handcuffs cop 6 handcuffs handcuff NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 cuff punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 cuff cc 9 to to PART _ 10 cuff mark 10 cuff cuff VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 handcuffs acl:relcl 11 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 put nsubj 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 put cop 13 to to PART _ 14 put mark 14 put put VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 cuff ccomp 15 handcuffs handcuff NOUN Number=Plur 14 put obj 16 on on ADP _ 17 them case 17 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 put obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 handcuffs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Cuffs handcuffs tree rules 2 cuff to-infinitive tree rules 3 is present someone on Cuffs = cuff ; put property tree rules
Meaning 4 To cuff someone is to hit them lightly with an open hand; a cuff is such a light hit.
The tree, 19 words mark advcl obj cop mark obj advmod case det amod obl punct det nsubj cop det:predet det compound parataxis punct root To PART cuff VERB someone PRON is AUX to PART hit VERB them PRON lightly ADV with ADP an DET open ADJ hand NOUN ; PUNCT a DET cuff NOUN is AUX such DET a DET light NOUN hit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cuff mark 2 cuff cuff VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 hit advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 cuff obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 hit cop 5 to to PART _ 6 hit mark 6 hit hit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 hit obj 8 lightly lightly ADV _ 6 hit advmod 9 with with ADP _ 12 hand case 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 hand det 11 open open ADJ Degree=Pos 12 hand amod 12 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 6 hit obl 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 20 hit punct 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 cuff det 15 cuff cuff NOUN Number=Sing 20 hit nsubj 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 hit cop 17 such such DET PronType=Ind 20 hit det:predet 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 hit det 19 light light NOUN Number=Sing 20 hit compound 20 hit hit NOUN Number=Sing 6 hit parataxis 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cuff to-infinitive someone vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient 2 is present with a open hand; hit, lightly property tree rules 3 is a present a cuff such light hit tree rules
Meaning 5 A cuff is a band put round the arm to measure blood pressure.
det nsubj cop det acl case det obl mark advcl compound obj punct root A DET cuff NOUN is AUX a DET band NOUN put VERB round ADP the DET arm NOUN to PART measure VERB blood NOUN pressure NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cuff det 2 cuff cuff NOUN Number=Sing 5 band nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 band cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 band det 5 band band NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 put put VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 band acl 7 round round ADP _ 9 arm case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 arm det 9 arm arm NOUN Number=Sing 6 put obl 10 to to PART _ 11 measure mark 11 measure measure VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 put advcl 12 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 13 pressure compound 13 pressure pressure NOUN Number=Sing 11 measure obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 band punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cuff a band tree rules 2 put participle a band not said here round the arm vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent 3 measure to-infinitive blood pressure vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme pressure=Value
Example 1 The cuffs of my school shirt are dirty.
det nsubj case nmod:poss compound nmod cop punct root The DET cuffs NOUN of ADP my PRON school NOUN shirt NOUN are AUX dirty ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cuffs det 2 cuffs cuff NOUN Number=Plur 8 dirty nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 6 shirt case 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 shirt nmod:poss 5 school school NOUN Number=Sing 6 shirt compound 6 shirt shirt NOUN Number=Sing 2 cuffs nmod 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 dirty cop 8 dirty dirty ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 dirty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the cuffs of my school shirt dirty property tree rules
Example 2 He rolled up his cuffs to wash his hands.
nsubj compound:prt nmod:poss obj mark advcl nmod:poss obj punct root He PRON rolled VERB up ADP his PRON cuffs NOUN to PART wash VERB his PRON hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 rolled nsubj 2 rolled roll VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 rolled compound:prt 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 cuffs nmod:poss 5 cuffs cuff NOUN Number=Plur 2 rolled obj 6 to to PART _ 7 wash mark 7 wash wash VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 rolled advcl 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 hands nmod:poss 9 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 7 wash obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 rolled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 roll up past He his cuffs vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cuff=Theme 2 wash to-infinitive He not said here his hands vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
Example 3 The police cuffed the thief and put him in the car.
det nsubj det obj cc conj obj case det obl punct root The DET police NOUN cuffed VERB the DET thief NOUN and CCONJ put VERB him PRON in ADP the DET car NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 police det 2 police police NOUN Number=Plur 3 cuffed nsubj 3 cuffed cuff VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 thief det 5 thief thief NOUN Number=Sing 3 cuffed obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 put cc 7 put put VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 cuffed conj 8 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 put obj 9 in in ADP _ 11 car case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 car det 11 car car NOUN Number=Sing 7 put obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 cuffed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cuff past the police the thief vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thief=Patient 2 put infinitive the police not said here him = he the car vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in car=Destination
Example 4 In the old story, the boy got a cuff round the ear.
case det amod obl punct det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root In ADP the DET old ADJ story NOUN , PUNCT the DET boy NOUN got VERB a DET cuff NOUN round ADP the DET ear NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 story case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 story det 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 story amod 4 story story NOUN Number=Sing 8 got obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 story punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 boy det 7 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 8 got nsubj 8 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 cuff det 10 cuff cuff NOUN Number=Sing 8 got obj 11 round round ADP _ 13 ear case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 ear det 13 ear ear NOUN Number=Sing 8 got obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past the boy a cuff the old story round the ear vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cuff=Stimulus
Example 5 She gave a funny speech off the cuff, without notes.
nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct case obl punct root She PRON gave VERB a DET funny ADJ speech NOUN off ADP the DET cuff NOUN , PUNCT without ADP notes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 speech det 4 funny funny ADJ Degree=Pos 5 speech amod 5 speech speech NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 6 off off ADP _ 8 cuff case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 cuff det 8 cuff cuff NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 notes punct 10 without without ADP _ 11 notes case 11 notes note NOUN Number=Plur 2 gave obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past She a funny speech off the cuff; without notes vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speech=Theme
Example 6 The nurse put a cuff on Grandma's arm to check her blood pressure.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj det obj case nmod:poss case obl mark advcl nmod:poss compound obj punct root The DET nurse NOUN put VERB a DET cuff NOUN on ADP Grandma PROPN 's PART arm NOUN to PART check VERB her PRON blood NOUN pressure NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 nurse det 2 nurse nurse NOUN Number=Sing 3 put nsubj 3 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 cuff det 5 cuff cuff NOUN Number=Sing 3 put obj 6 on on ADP _ 9 arm case 7 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 9 arm nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 Grandma case 9 arm arm NOUN Number=Sing 3 put obl 10 to to PART _ 11 check mark 11 check check VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 put advcl 12 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 pressure nmod:poss 13 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 14 pressure compound 14 pressure pressure NOUN Number=Sing 11 check obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put past the nurse a cuff Grandma's arm vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent cuff=Theme on arm=Destination 2 check to-infinitive the nurse not said here nurse's blood pressure vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pressure=Theme 3 press nurse nom pressure «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 His jeans had wide cuffs at the bottom.
nmod:poss nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root His PRON jeans NOUN had VERB wide ADJ cuffs NOUN at ADP the DET bottom NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 jeans nmod:poss 2 jeans jeans NOUN Number=Ptan 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 wide wide ADJ Degree=Pos 5 cuffs amod 5 cuffs cuff NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 6 at at ADP _ 8 bottom case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bottom det 8 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past His jeans wide cuffs the bottom vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cuff=Patient
Example 8 Fairies indeed are strange, and Peter, who understood them best, often cuffed them.
The tree, 13 words nsubj advmod cop punct cc nsubj:pass punct nsubj acl:relcl obj advmod punct advmod conj obj punct root Fairies NOUN indeed ADV are AUX strange ADJ , PUNCT and CCONJ Peter PROPN , PUNCT who PRON understood VERB them PRON best ADV , PUNCT often ADV cuffed VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fairies fairy NOUN Number=Plur 4 strange nsubj 2 indeed indeed ADV _ 1 Fairies advmod 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 strange cop 4 strange strange ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 15 cuffed punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 15 cuffed cc 7 Peter Peter PROPN Number=Sing 15 cuffed nsubj:pass 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 understood punct 9 who who PRON PronType=Rel 10 understood nsubj 10 understood understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 Peter acl:relcl 11 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 understood obj 12 best well ADV Degree=Sup 10 understood advmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 cuffed punct 14 often often ADV _ 15 cuffed advmod 15 cuffed cuff VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 strange conj 16 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 cuffed obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 strange punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Fairies strange property tree rules 2 understand past Peter Fairies = fairy well property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus 3 cuff participle · passive Peter often property vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient they=Result
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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