Mova0.5 pre-release⌕

☰

home / corpora / dictionaries / school dictionary / C / cultivate

cultivate

Who acts: Farmers, first farmers, Grandad, class, you, habit · What happens: prepare, use, grow, dig, plant, look · To what, where: land, crops, plants, purpose, something, bacteria

«cultivate» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cultivate in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To prepare and use land for growing crops: to dig, plant and look after it.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 prepare	mark
2	prepare	prepare	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 use	cc
4	use	use	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 prepare	conj
5	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 use	obj
6	for	for	SCONJ	_	7 growing	mark
7	growing	grow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 use	advcl
8	crops	crop	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 growing	obj
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 dig	punct
10	to	to	PART	_	11 dig	mark
11	dig	dig	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 prepare	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 plant	punct
13	plant	plant	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	11 dig	conj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 look	cc
15	look	look	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	11 dig	conj
16	after	after	ADP	_	17 it	case
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 look	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 prepare	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prepare	to-infinitive							vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	use	infinitive		land					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Patient
3	grow	gerund		crops					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location crop=Theme
4	dig	to-infinitive							vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	plant	infinitive							vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
6	look	infinitive					after land		vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To grow plants or crops on purpose.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 grow	mark
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	obj
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 crops	cc
5	crops	crop	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 plants	conj
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 purpose	case
7	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grow	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 grow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	to-infinitive		plants or crops		purpose			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plant=Theme

Meaning 3

To build up or develop something slowly with care, such as a skill, a habit or a friendship.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 build	mark
2	build	build	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 build	compound:prt
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 develop	cc
5	develop	develop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 build	conj
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 develop	obj
7	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	5 develop	advmod
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 care	case
9	care	care	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 develop	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 skill	punct
11	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	14 skill	case
12	as	as	ADP	_	11 such	fixed
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 skill	det
14	skill	skill	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 care	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 habit	punct
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 habit	det
17	habit	habit	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 skill	appos
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 friendship	cc
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 friendship	det
20	friendship	friendship	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 habit	conj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 build	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build up	to-infinitive							vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
2	develop	infinitive		something				with care and a skill; slowly property	vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Product

Meaning 4

Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

To grow bacteria or cells in a lab.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 grow	mark
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	obj
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 cells	cc
5	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bacteria	conj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 lab	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 lab	det
8	lab	lab	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grow	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 grow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	to-infinitive		bacteria or cells		a lab			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bacterium=Theme

Example 1

Farmers cultivate wheat on the wide plains.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cultivate	nsubj
2	cultivate	cultivate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	wheat	wheat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cultivate	obj
4	on	on	ADP	_	7 plains	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 plains	det
6	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 plains	amod
7	plains	plain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cultivate	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cultivate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cultivate	present	Farmers	wheat		the wide plains			vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheat=Product

Example 2

The first farmers learned to cultivate rice along rivers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 farmers	det
2	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 farmers	amod
3	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 learned	nsubj
4	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 cultivate	mark
6	cultivate	cultivate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 learned	xcomp
7	rice	rice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cultivate	obj
8	along	along	ADP	_	9 rivers	case
9	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 cultivate	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 learned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	past	the first farmers						vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	cultivate	to-infinitive	the first farmers not said here	rice				along rivers	vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rice=Product

Example 3

Grandad cultivates tomatoes in his greenhouse.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 cultivates	nsubj
2	cultivates	cultivate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	tomatoes	tomato	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cultivates	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 greenhouse	case
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 greenhouse	nmod:poss
6	greenhouse	greenhouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cultivates	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cultivates	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cultivate	present	Grandad	tomatoes		Grandad's greenhouse			vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tomato=Product

Example 4

Our class cultivated a vegetable patch behind the school.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 class	nmod:poss
2	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cultivated	nsubj
3	cultivated	cultivate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 patch	det
5	vegetable	vegetable	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 patch	compound
6	patch	patch	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cultivated	obj
7	behind	behind	ADP	_	9 school	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 school	det
9	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 patch	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 cultivated	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cultivate	past	Our class	a vegetable patch		the school			vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent patch=Product

Example 5

Try to cultivate the habit of reading every night.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Try	try	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	to	to	PART	_	3 cultivate	mark
3	cultivate	cultivate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Try	xcomp
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 habit	det
5	habit	habit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cultivate	obj
6	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 reading	mark
7	reading	read	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 habit	acl
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	9 night	det
9	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 reading	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Try	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	imperative	you not said here						vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	cultivate not said to happen	to-infinitive	you not said here	the habit					vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent habit=Product
3	read	gerund	the habit not said here				night		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 6

She cultivated a friendship with the new girl next door.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 cultivated	nsubj
2	cultivated	cultivate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 friendship	det
4	friendship	friendship	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cultivated	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 girl	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 girl	det
7	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 girl	amod
8	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cultivated	obl
9	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 door	amod
10	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cultivated	obl:unmarked
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cultivated	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cultivate	past	She	a friendship				with the new girl; next door obl:unmarked	vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friendship=Product with girl=Material

Example 7

Scientists cultivate bacteria in small round dishes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cultivate	nsubj
2	cultivate	cultivate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cultivate	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 dishes	case
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 dishes	amod
6	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 dishes	amod
7	dishes	dish	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cultivate	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cultivate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cultivate	present	Scientists	bacteria		small round dishes			vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bacterium=Product

Example 8

This land is too rocky to cultivate.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 land	det
2	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rocky	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rocky	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 rocky	advmod
5	rocky	rocky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 cultivate	mark
7	cultivate	cultivate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 rocky	xcomp
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 rocky	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	this land					rocky property	tree rules
2	cultivate	to-infinitive	this land not said here						vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Example 9

Long, long ago there lived an old man and his wife who supported themselves by cultivating a small plot of land.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lived	advcl
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Long	punct
3	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 ago	advmod
4	ago	ago	ADV	_	6 lived	advmod
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 lived	advmod
6	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 man	det
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 man	amod
9	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lived	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 wife	cc
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 wife	nmod:poss
12	wife	wife	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 man	conj
13	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 supported	nsubj
14	supported	support	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 wife	acl:relcl
15	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	14 supported	obj
16	by	by	SCONJ	_	17 cultivating	mark
17	cultivating	cultivate	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 supported	advcl
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 plot	det
19	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 plot	amod
20	plot	plot	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 cultivating	obj
21	of	of	ADP	_	22 land	case
22	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 plot	nmod
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 lived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past		a old man and his wife		there		ago property	vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme man=Location
2	support	past	his wife	man					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer themselves=Stimulus
3	cultivate	gerund	his wife not said here	a small plot of land					vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plot=Product
4	plot			land					nom plot «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/cultivate/