cum

Who acts: one room, cum, rude word, dining room, Dad, aunt · What happens: combine, use, be, mean, honour, grow · To what, where: one room, kitchen, cum laude, university, garage, magna cum laude

«cum» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cum in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: formal, from Latin — kept apart, not parsed.

Combined with; also being used as: «a kitchen-cum-dining room» is one room that is both a kitchen and a dining room; «a shed-cum-workshop».

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Combined	combine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	with	with	ADP	_	1 Combined	obl
3	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 used	punct
4	also	also	ADV	_	6 used	advmod
5	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 used	aux:pass
6	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Combined	conj
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	16 room	mark
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 as	punct
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	16 room	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 room	det
11	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 cum	compound
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 kitchen	punct
13	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 room	compound
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 cum	punct
15	dining	dining	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 room	compound
16	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 room	advcl
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	16 room	punct
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 room	cop
19	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 room	nummod
20	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 used	obl
21	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	25 kitchen	nsubj
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 kitchen	cop
23	both	both	CCONJ	_	25 kitchen	cc:preconj
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 kitchen	det
25	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 room	acl:relcl
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 room	cc
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 room	det
28	dining	dining	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 room	compound
29	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 kitchen	conj
30	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 workshop	punct
31	«	«	PUNCT	_	37 workshop	punct
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 workshop	det
33	shed	shed	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 cum	compound
34	-	-	PUNCT	_	33 shed	punct
35	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 workshop	compound
36	-	-	PUNCT	_	37 workshop	punct
37	workshop	workshop	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 kitchen	appos
38	»	»	PUNCT	_	37 workshop	punct
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Combined	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	combine	participle			vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	use	gerund · passive			vn eat-39.1 «NP V»
3	is a	present		one room	tree rules
4	is a	present	one room	a kitchen and a dining room	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: Latin, school and university — kept apart, not parsed.

In Latin, «cum» means «with», as in the university honours «cum laude» (with praise) and «magna cum laude» (with great praise).

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Latin	case
2	Latin	Latin	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 means	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Latin	punct
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 cum	punct
5	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 means	nsubj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 cum	punct
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 with	punct
9	with	with	ADP	_	7 means	obj
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 with	punct
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 honours	punct
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	16 honours	mark
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 university	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 university	det
15	university	university	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 honours	obl
16	honours	honour	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 means	conj
17	«	«	PUNCT	_	19 laude	punct
18	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 laude	compound
19	laude	laude	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 honours	obj
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	19 laude	punct
21	(	(	PUNCT	_	23 praise	punct
22	with	with	ADP	_	23 praise	case
23	praise	praise	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 laude	conj
24	)	)	PUNCT	_	23 praise	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 laude	cc
26	«	«	PUNCT	_	29 laude	punct
27	magna	magna	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 laude	compound
28	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 laude	compound
29	laude	laude	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 laude	conj
30	»	»	PUNCT	_	29 laude	punct
31	(	(	PUNCT	_	34 praise	punct
32	with	with	ADP	_	34 praise	case
33	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 praise	amod
34	praise	praise	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 laude	conj
35	)	)	PUNCT	_	34 praise	punct
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	cum					in Latin	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot with=Theme in latin=Attribute
2	honour	present	cum not said here	cum laude and praise and magna cum laude and great praise		the university			tree rules

Meaning 3

Usage: rude, adult slang — kept apart, not parsed.

A rude word grown-ups use; not for school.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 word	det
2	rude	rude	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 word	amod
3	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 use	nsubj
4	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 ups	amod
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 grown	punct
6	ups	up	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 use	nsubj
7	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 school	punct
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 school	advmod
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 school	case
11	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 use	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	use	present	a rude word					for school	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

Our kitchen-cum-dining room is where we do homework.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 room	nmod:poss
2	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cum	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 kitchen	punct
4	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dining	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 cum	punct
6	dining	dining	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 room	compound
7	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 where	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 where	cop
9	where	where	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
10	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 do	nsubj
11	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 where	advcl:relcl
12	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 do	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 where	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Our dining room					where property	tree rules

Example 2

Dad uses the garage as a gym-cum-workshop.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	nsubj
2	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 garage	det
4	garage	garage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	obj
5	as	as	ADP	_	11 workshop	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 workshop	det
7	gym	gym	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cum	compound
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 gym	punct
9	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 workshop	compound
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 cum	punct
11	workshop	workshop	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 uses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	Dad	the garage				as a cum workshop	vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent garage=Duration as workshop=Attribute

Example 3

My aunt graduated magna cum laude from college.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 aunt	nmod:poss
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 graduated	nsubj
3	graduated	graduate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	magna	magna	X	_	6 laude	compound
5	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 laude	compound
6	laude	laude	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 graduated	obj
7	from	from	ADP	_	8 college	case
8	college	college	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 laude	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 graduated	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	graduate	participle	My aunt	magna cum laude		college			tree rules

Example 4

The spare room is a study-cum-guest room.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 room	det
2	spare	spare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 room	amod
3	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 room	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 room	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 room	det
6	study	study	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cum	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 study	punct
8	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 room	compound
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 cum	punct
10	guest	guest	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 room	compound
11	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 room	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the spare room	a cum guest room					tree rules

Example 5

Chorlton-cum-Hardy is part of Manchester.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chorlton	Chorlton	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 part	nsubj
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Chorlton	punct
3	cum	cum	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Chorlton	list
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 Hardy	punct
5	Hardy	Hardy	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Chorlton	flat
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 part	cop
7	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 Manchester	case
9	Manchester	Manchester	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 part	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 part	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Chorlton	part				of Manchester	tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/cum/