decision Who acts: decision, you, judge, I, It, class · What happens: be, make, think, do, decide, rule · To what, where: choice, ability, sport, decision, hard decision, old toys
«decision» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: decision in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A decision is a choice you make after thinking about what to do: a hard decision.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl mark advcl case obl mark acl punct det amod conj punct root A DET decision NOUN is AUX a DET choice NOUN you PRON make VERB after SCONJ thinking VERB about ADP what PRON to PART do VERB : PUNCT a DET hard ADJ decision NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 decision det 2 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 5 choice nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 choice cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 choice det 5 choice choice NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 make nsubj 7 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 choice acl:relcl 8 after after SCONJ _ 9 thinking mark 9 thinking think VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 make advcl 10 about about ADP _ 11 what case 11 what what PRON PronType=Rel 9 thinking obl 12 to to PART _ 13 do mark 13 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 what acl 14 : : PUNCT _ 17 decision punct 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 decision det 16 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 17 decision amod 17 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 5 choice conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 choice punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a decision a choice and a hard decision tree rules 2 make present you a choice and a hard decision not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent choice=Product 3 think speech: other gerund you not said here vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about what=Topic 4 do to-infinitive you not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Decision (uncountable) is the ability to decide quickly and firmly.
nsubj punct amod punct cop det mark acl advmod cc conj punct root Decision NOUN ( PUNCT uncountable ADJ ) PUNCT is AUX the DET ability NOUN to PART decide VERB quickly ADV and CCONJ firmly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 7 ability nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 uncountable punct 3 uncountable uncountable ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Decision amod 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 uncountable punct 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 ability cop 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 ability det 7 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 to to PART _ 9 decide mark 9 decide decide VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 ability acl 10 quickly quickly ADV _ 9 decide advmod 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 firmly cc 12 firmly firmly ADV _ 10 quickly conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 ability punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Decision the ability tree rules 2 decide to-infinitive quickly property vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 In sport, a decision is the referee's or judge's ruling.
case obl punct det nsubj cop det case cc nmod:poss case conj punct root In ADP sport NOUN , PUNCT a DET decision NOUN is AUX the DET referee NOUN 's PART or CCONJ judge NOUN 's PART ruling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 sport case 2 sport sport NOUN Number=Sing 8 referee obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 sport punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 decision det 5 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 8 referee nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 referee cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 referee det 8 referee referee NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 's 's PART _ 8 referee case 10 or or CCONJ _ 13 ruling cc 11 judge judge NOUN Number=Sing 13 ruling nmod:poss 12 's 's PART _ 11 judge case 13 ruling ruling NOUN Number=Sing 8 referee conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 referee punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a decision sport 's the referee or judge's ruling tree rules 2 rule judge nom ruling «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 I have to make a decision: football or swimming?
nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct conj cc conj punct root I PRON have VERB to PART make VERB a DET decision NOUN : PUNCT football NOUN or CCONJ swimming NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 make mark 4 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 have xcomp 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 decision det 6 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 4 make obj 7 : : PUNCT _ 8 football punct 8 football football NOUN Number=Sing 6 decision conj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 swimming cc 10 swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 8 football conj 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present I tree rules 2 make to-infinitive I not said here a decision and football or swimming vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset decision=Product
Example 2 It was a hard decision to give away my old toys.
nsubj cop det amod mark acl compound:prt nmod:poss amod obj punct root It PRON was AUX a DET hard ADJ decision NOUN to PART give VERB away ADP my PRON old ADJ toys NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 decision nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 decision cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 decision det 4 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 5 decision amod 5 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 to to PART _ 7 give mark 7 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 decision acl 8 away away ADP _ 7 give compound:prt 9 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 toys nmod:poss 10 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 11 toys amod 11 toys toy NOUN Number=Plur 7 give obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 decision punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past It a hard decision tree rules 2 give away to-infinitive my old toys vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent toy=Theme
Example 3 The class voted and came to a decision.
det nsubj cc conj case det obl punct root The DET class NOUN voted VERB and CCONJ came VERB to ADP a DET decision NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 class det 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 voted nsubj 3 voted vote VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 came cc 5 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 voted conj 6 to to ADP _ 8 decision case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 decision det 8 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 5 came obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 voted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vote past the class vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 come past the class not said here a decision vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to decision=Initial_Location
Example 4 The referee's decision was final.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop punct root The DET referee NOUN 's PART decision NOUN was AUX final ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 referee det 2 referee referee NOUN Number=Sing 4 decision nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 referee case 4 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 6 final nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 final cop 6 final final ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 final punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the referee's decision final property tree rules 2 decide the referee nom decision «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 Think about the results before you make a decision.
case det obl mark nsubj advcl det obj punct root Think VERB about ADP the DET results NOUN before SCONJ you PRON make VERB a DET decision NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Think think VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 about about ADP _ 4 results case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 results det 4 results result NOUN Number=Plur 1 Think obl 5 before before SCONJ _ 7 make mark 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 make nsubj 7 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Think advcl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 decision det 9 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 7 make obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Think punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other imperative you not said here about the results vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about result=Topic 2 make present you a decision vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent decision=Product
Example 6 Moving house was a big decision for our family.
csubj obj cop det amod case nmod:poss nmod punct root Moving VERB house NOUN was AUX a DET big ADJ decision NOUN for ADP our PRON family NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Moving move VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 decision csubj 2 house house NOUN Number=Sing 1 Moving obj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 decision cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 decision det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 6 decision amod 6 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 for for ADP _ 9 family case 8 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 family nmod:poss 9 family family NOUN Number=Sing 6 decision nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 decision punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move gerund house vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent house=Theme 2 is a past Moving a big decision for our family tree rules
Example 7 Use a decision tree to sort the animals.
det compound obj mark advcl det obj punct root Use VERB a DET decision NOUN tree NOUN to PART sort VERB the DET animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 tree det 3 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 4 tree compound 4 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj 5 to to PART _ 6 sort mark 6 sort sort VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Use advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 animals det 8 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 6 sort obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here a decision tree vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient 2 sort to-infinitive you not said here the animals vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme
Example 8 They agreed to appoint Momus as judge, and to abide by his decision.
The tree, 13 words nsubj mark xcomp obj case obl punct cc mark conj case nmod:poss obl punct root They PRON agreed VERB to PART appoint VERB Momus NOUN as ADP judge NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ to PART abide VERB by ADP his PRON decision NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 agreed nsubj 2 agreed agree VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 appoint mark 4 appoint appoint VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 agreed xcomp 5 Momus momus NOUN Number=Sing 4 appoint obj 6 as as ADP _ 7 judge case 7 judge judge NOUN Number=Sing 4 appoint obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 abide punct 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 abide cc 10 to to PART _ 11 abide mark 11 abide abide VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 appoint conj 12 by by ADP _ 14 decision case 13 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 decision nmod:poss 14 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 11 abide obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 agreed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 agree speech: agree past They vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 appoint not said to happen to-infinitive They not said here Momus as judge vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent momus=Theme as judge=Attribute 3 abide to-infinitive They not said here by his decision tree rules 4 decide his = he nom decision «act transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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