decode Who acts: you, word, Young readers, team, I, brother · What happens: decode, be, understand, turn, blend, use · To what, where: secret message, normal words, code, reading, letters, sounds
«decode» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: decode in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To decode a secret message or code is to change it back into normal words so you can understand it.
The tree, 20 words mark advcl det amod obj cc conj cop mark obj advmod case amod obl mark nsubj aux advcl obj punct root To PART decode VERB a DET secret ADJ message NOUN or CCONJ code NOUN is AUX to PART change VERB it PRON back ADV into ADP normal ADJ words NOUN so SCONJ you PRON can AUX understand VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 decode mark 2 decode decode VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 change advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 message det 4 secret secret ADJ Degree=Pos 5 message amod 5 message message NOUN Number=Sing 2 decode obj 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 code cc 7 code code NOUN Number=Sing 5 message conj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 change cop 9 to to PART _ 10 change mark 10 change change VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 change obj 12 back back ADV _ 10 change advmod 13 into into ADP _ 15 words case 14 normal normal ADJ Degree=Pos 15 words amod 15 words word NOUN Number=Plur 10 change obl 16 so so SCONJ _ 19 understand mark 17 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 19 understand nsubj 18 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 19 understand aux 19 understand understand VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 change advcl 20 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 understand obj 21 . . PUNCT _ 10 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decode to-infinitive a secret message or code tree rules 2 is present normal words change property tree rules 3 understand can you code vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In reading, to decode a word is to work it out by turning letters into their sounds and blending them.
The tree, 20 words case obl punct mark det nsubj cop mark ccomp obj compound:prt mark advcl obj case nmod:poss obl cc conj obj punct root In ADP reading NOUN , PUNCT to PART decode VERB a DET word NOUN is AUX to PART work VERB it PRON out ADP by SCONJ turning VERB letters NOUN into ADP their PRON sounds NOUN and CCONJ blending VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 reading case 2 reading reading NOUN Number=Sing 5 decode obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 decode punct 4 to to PART _ 5 decode mark 5 decode decode VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 word det 7 word word NOUN Number=Sing 10 work nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 work cop 9 to to PART _ 10 work mark 10 work work VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 decode ccomp 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 work obj 12 out out ADP _ 10 work compound:prt 13 by by SCONJ _ 14 turning mark 14 turning turn VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 work advcl 15 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 14 turning obj 16 into into ADP _ 18 sounds case 17 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 sounds nmod:poss 18 sounds sound NOUN Number=Plur 14 turning obl 19 and and CCONJ _ 20 blending cc 20 blending blend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 14 turning conj 21 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 20 blending obj 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 decode punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decode to-infinitive reading tree rules 2 is present a word work property tree rules 3 turn gerund a word not said here letters letters's sounds vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent letter=Theme into sound=Trajectory 4 blend gerund a word not said here letters = letter vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
Meaning 3 To decode something is to understand a hidden meaning, like a strange look or difficult instructions.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl obj cop mark det amod obj punct case det amod parataxis cc amod conj punct root To PART decode VERB something PRON is AUX to PART understand VERB a DET hidden ADJ meaning NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET strange ADJ look NOUN or CCONJ difficult ADJ instructions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 decode mark 2 decode decode VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 understand advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 decode obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 understand cop 5 to to PART _ 6 understand mark 6 understand understand VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 meaning det 8 hidden hidden ADJ Degree=Pos 9 meaning amod 9 meaning meaning NOUN Number=Sing 6 understand obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 look punct 11 like like ADP _ 14 look case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 look det 13 strange strange ADJ Degree=Pos 14 look amod 14 look look NOUN Number=Sing 6 understand parataxis 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 instructions cc 16 difficult difficult ADJ Degree=Pos 17 instructions amod 17 instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 14 look conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 understand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decode to-infinitive something tree rules 2 is present understand property tree rules
Meaning 4 In computing, to decode is to change data back into sound, pictures or text.
The tree, 14 words case obl punct mark xcomp cop mark obj advmod case obl punct conj cc conj punct root In ADP computing NOUN , PUNCT to PART decode VERB is AUX to PART change VERB data NOUN back ADV into ADP sound NOUN , PUNCT pictures NOUN or CCONJ text NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 computing case 2 computing computing NOUN Number=Sing 8 change obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 computing punct 4 to to PART _ 5 decode mark 5 decode decode VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 , xcomp 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 change cop 7 to to PART _ 8 change mark 8 change change VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 data data NOUN Number=Sing 8 change obj 10 back back ADV _ 8 change advmod 11 into into ADP _ 12 sound case 12 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 8 change obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 pictures punct 14 pictures picture NOUN Number=Plur 12 sound conj 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 text cc 16 text text NOUN Number=Sing 12 sound conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 8 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decode to-infinitive tree rules 2 is present computing into sound and pictures or text; change property tree rules
Example 1 Use the key to decode the secret message.
det obj mark advcl det amod obj punct root Use VERB the DET key NOUN to PART decode VERB the DET secret ADJ message NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 key det 3 key key NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj 4 to to PART _ 5 decode mark 5 decode decode VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Use advcl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 message det 7 secret secret ADJ Degree=Pos 8 message amod 8 message message NOUN Number=Sing 5 decode obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here the key vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent key=Patient 2 decode to-infinitive you not said here the secret message tree rules
Example 2 Young readers decode words by sounding them out.
amod nsubj obj mark advcl obj compound:prt punct root Young ADJ readers NOUN decode VERB words NOUN by SCONJ sounding VERB them PRON out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Young young ADJ Degree=Pos 2 readers amod 2 readers reader NOUN Number=Plur 3 decode nsubj 3 decode decode VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 words word NOUN Number=Plur 3 decode obj 5 by by SCONJ _ 6 sounding mark 6 sounding sound VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 decode advcl 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 sounding obj 8 out out ADP _ 6 sounding compound:prt 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 decode punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decode present Young readers words tree rules 2 sound out gerund Young readers not said here words = word vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location they=Theme
Example 3 Alan Turing's team helped decode enemy messages.
nmod:poss flat case nsubj xcomp compound obj punct root Alan PROPN Turing PROPN 's PART team NOUN helped VERB decode VERB enemy NOUN messages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Alan Alan PROPN Number=Sing 4 team nmod:poss 2 Turing Turing PROPN Number=Sing 1 Alan flat 3 's 's PART _ 1 Alan case 4 team team NOUN Number=Sing 5 helped nsubj 5 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 decode decode VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 helped xcomp 7 enemy enemy NOUN Number=Sing 8 messages compound 8 messages message NOUN Number=Plur 6 decode obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 helped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help past Alan's team vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 decode infinitive Alan's team not said here enemy messages tree rules
Example 4 If A = 1 and B = 2, decode 3-1-20.
mark det case cc obl:unmarked case flat punct conj obj punct root If SCONJ A DET = SYM 1 NUM and CCONJ B NOUN = SYM 2 NUM , PUNCT decode VERB 3-1-20 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 = mark 2 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 = det 3 = = SYM _ 4 1 case 4 1 1 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 10 decode cc 6 B B NOUN Number=Sing 10 decode obl:unmarked 7 = = SYM _ 8 2 case 8 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 B flat 9 , , PUNCT _ 6 B punct 10 decode decode VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 1 conj 11 3-1-20 3-1-20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 decode obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 1 punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decode infinitive B tree rules
Example 5 I could not decode my brother's messy handwriting.
nsubj aux advmod nmod:poss nmod:poss case amod obj punct root I PRON could AUX not PART decode VERB my PRON brother NOUN 's PART messy ADJ handwriting NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 decode nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 decode aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 decode advmod 4 decode decode VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 brother nmod:poss 6 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 9 handwriting nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 brother case 8 messy messy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 handwriting amod 9 handwriting handwriting NOUN Number=Sing 4 decode obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 decode punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not decode could I my brother's messy handwriting tree rules 2 handwrite my brother nom handwriting «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 The TV decodes the signal into pictures.
det nsubj det obj case obl punct root The DET TV NOUN decodes VERB the DET signal NOUN into ADP pictures NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 TV det 2 TV TV NOUN Number=Sing 3 decodes nsubj 3 decodes decode VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 signal det 5 signal signal NOUN Number=Sing 3 decodes obj 6 into into ADP _ 7 pictures case 7 pictures picture NOUN Number=Plur 3 decodes obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 decodes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decode present the TV the signal pictures tree rules
Example 7 Can you decode what Mum's look meant?
aux nsubj obj nmod:poss case nsubj acl punct root Can AUX you PRON decode VERB what PRON Mum PROPN 's PART look NOUN meant VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 decode aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 decode nsubj 3 decode decode VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 what what PRON PronType=Int 3 decode obj 5 Mum Mum PROPN Number=Sing 7 look nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 Mum case 7 look look NOUN Number=Sing 4 what nsubj 8 meant mean VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 look acl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 decode punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decode can you tree rules 2 mean participle Mum's look not said here vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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