defect
Who acts: defect, fault, something, problem, 4, scratch · What happens: be, make, not work, not look, bear, defect · To what, where: fault, something, problem, body part, someone, country · Speech: someone speaks here
«defect» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: defect in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
noun.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | noun | noun | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 noun | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
A defect is a fault or flaw that makes something not work properly or not look right.
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 defect | det |
| 2 | defect | defect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fault | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fault | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 fault | det |
| 5 | fault | fault | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 flaw | cc |
| 7 | flaw | flaw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fault | conj |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 makes | nsubj |
| 9 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fault | acl:relcl |
| 10 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 9 makes | obj |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 work | advmod |
| 12 | work | work | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 makes | xcomp |
| 13 | properly | properly | ADV | _ | 12 work | advmod |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 16 look | cc |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 look | advmod |
| 16 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 work | conj |
| 17 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 look | xcomp |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 fault | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a defect | a fault or flaw | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | make | present | a fault or flaw | something | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | not work | infinitive | something not said here | properly property | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | not look | infinitive | something not said here | right property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
Meaning 2
noun.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | noun | noun | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 noun | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
A defect can be a problem in a body part that someone is born with, like a heart defect.
The tree, 19 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 defect | det |
| 2 | defect | defect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 problem | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 problem | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 problem | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 problem | det |
| 6 | problem | problem | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 part | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 part | det |
| 9 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 part | compound |
| 10 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 problem | nmod |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 14 born | mark |
| 12 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 14 born | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 born | aux:pass |
| 14 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 problem | acl |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 born | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 defect | punct |
| 17 | like | like | ADP | _ | 20 defect | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 defect | det |
| 19 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 defect | compound |
| 20 | defect | defect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 born | advcl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 problem | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | can | a defect | a problem | a body part | tree rules | |||
| 2 | bear | present · passive | a problem not said here | someone | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Meaning 3
verb.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | verb | verb | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 verb | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
To defect means to leave your country, team or side and join the other side.
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 defect | mark |
| 2 | defect | defect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 means | csubj |
| 3 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 leave | mark |
| 5 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 means | xcomp |
| 6 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 country | nmod:poss |
| 7 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 leave | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 team | punct |
| 9 | team | team | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 country | conj |
| 10 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 11 side | cc |
| 11 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 country | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 join | cc |
| 13 | join | join | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 leave | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 side | det |
| 15 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 side | amod |
| 16 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 join | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 means | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | defect | to-infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | leave not said to happen | to-infinitive | your country and team or side | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Theme | |||||
| 4 | join | present | the other side | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
Example 1
The toy was sent back because of a defect in the wheel.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 toy | det |
| 2 | toy | toy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sent | aux:pass |
| 4 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | back | back | ADV | _ | 4 sent | advmod |
| 6 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 9 defect | case |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 because | fixed |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 defect | det |
| 9 | defect | defect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sent | obl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 wheel | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 wheel | det |
| 12 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 defect | nmod |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 sent | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send back | past · passive | the toy | because a defect in the wheel | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
Example 2
Every phone is tested for defects.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 phone | det |
| 2 | phone | phone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 tested | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 tested | aux:pass |
| 4 | tested | test | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 defects | case |
| 6 | defects | defect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 tested | obl |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 tested | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | test | present · passive | every phone | for defects | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme for defect=Attribute |
Example 3
Out of 200 bulbs, 4 had defects.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Out | out | ADP | _ | 4 bulbs | case |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 bulbs | case |
| 3 | 200 | 200 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 bulbs | nummod |
| 4 | bulbs | bulb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 had | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 bulbs | punct |
| 6 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 had | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | defects | defect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 had | obj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 had | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | 4 | defects | 200 bulbs | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent defect=Patient |
Example 4
The baby was born with a small heart defect.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 baby | det |
| 2 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 born | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 born | aux:pass |
| 4 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 defect | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 defect | det |
| 7 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 defect | amod |
| 8 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 defect | compound |
| 9 | defect | defect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 born | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 born | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bear | past · passive | the baby | with a small heart defect | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Example 5
The spy defected to the other side.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 spy | det |
| 2 | spy | spy | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | defected | defect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 spy | acl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 side | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 side | det |
| 6 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 side | amod |
| 7 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 defected | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 spy | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | defect | participle | the spy not said here | to the other side | tree rules |
Example 6
A scratch on the screen is a defect.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 scratch | det |
| 2 | scratch | scratch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 defect | nsubj |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 screen | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 screen | det |
| 5 | screen | screen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 scratch | nmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 defect | cop |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 defect | det |
| 8 | defect | defect | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 defect | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a scratch on the screen | a defect | tree rules |
Example 7
This curl was intended to conceal the blind eye, but it made the defect only more visible.
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 curl | det |
| 2 | curl | curl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 intended | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 intended | aux:pass |
| 4 | intended | intend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 conceal | mark |
| 6 | conceal | conceal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 intended | xcomp |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 eye | det |
| 8 | blind | blind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 eye | amod |
| 9 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 conceal | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 made | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 made | cc |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 made | nsubj |
| 13 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 intended | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 defect | det |
| 15 | defect | defect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 made | obj |
| 16 | only | only | ADV | _ | 17 more | advmod |
| 17 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 visible | advmod |
| 18 | visible | visible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 made | xcomp |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 intended | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | intend | past · passive | this curl | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | conceal not said to happen | to-infinitive | the blind eye | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient | |||||
| 3 | make | past | curl | the defect | visible property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material defect=Product |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/defect/