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defiance

Who acts: Defiance, look, you, child, She, He · What happens: be, obey, show, not give in, stand up, give · To what, where: bold refusal, look, teacher, room · Speech: someone speaks here

«defiance» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: defiance in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Defiance is bold refusal to obey, or open resistance to someone in power.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Defiance	defiance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 refusal	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 refusal	cop
3	bold	bold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 refusal	amod
4	refusal	refusal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 obey	mark
6	obey	obey	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 refusal	acl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 resistance	punct
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 resistance	cc
9	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 resistance	amod
10	resistance	resistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 refusal	conj
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 someone	case
12	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	10 resistance	nmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 power	case
14	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 someone	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 refusal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Defiance	bold refusal or open resistance to someone					tree rules
2	obey	to-infinitive							vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A look of defiance shows you will not give in.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 look	det
2	look	look	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shows	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 defiance	case
4	defiance	defiance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 look	nmod
5	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 give	nsubj
7	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 give	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 give	advmod
9	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 shows	ccomp
10	in	in	ADP	_	9 give	compound:prt
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a look of defiance						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not give in	future	you						vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

The child stood up to the bully in defiance.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 child	det
2	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stood	nsubj
3	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 stood	compound:prt
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 bully	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bully	det
7	bully	bully	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stood	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 defiance	case
9	defiance	defiance	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bully	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stood	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand up	past	the child					to the bully in defiance	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 2

She gave her teacher a look of defiance.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 gave	nsubj
2	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 teacher	nmod:poss
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gave	iobj
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 look	det
6	look	look	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gave	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 defiance	case
8	defiance	defiance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 look	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	She	a look of defiance	her teacher				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent teacher=Recipient look=Theme

Example 3

He refused to tidy his room, in open defiance of Mum.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 refused	nsubj
2	refused	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 tidy	mark
4	tidy	tidy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 refused	xcomp
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 room	nmod:poss
6	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tidy	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 defiance	punct
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 defiance	case
9	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 defiance	amod
10	defiance	defiance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 room	appos
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 Mum	case
12	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 defiance	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 refused	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refuse	past	He						vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	not tidy	to-infinitive	He not said here	his room					tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/defiance/