defining

Who acts: someone, defining relative clause, information, Winning, defining feature, We · What happens: show, be, give, set out, mean, tell · To what, where: exact meaning, limits, word, information, you, person · Speech: someone speaks here

«defining» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: defining in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Most important in showing what someone or something is really like: «a defining moment».

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 important	amod
2	important	important	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	in	in	SCONJ	_	4 showing	mark
4	showing	show	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 important	advcl
5	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 showing	obj
6	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	16 moment	nsubj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 something	cc
8	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 someone	conj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 moment	cop
10	really	really	ADV	_	16 moment	advmod
11	like	like	ADP	_	16 moment	case
12	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 like	punct
13	«	«	PUNCT	_	16 moment	punct
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 moment	det
15	defining	defining	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 moment	amod
16	moment	moment	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 what	nsubj
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	16 moment	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 important	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	gerund							vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient
2	is in a quote	present	someone				like a defining moment		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

Giving the exact meaning of a word, or setting out the limits of something.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Giving	give	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 meaning	det
3	exact	exact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 meaning	amod
4	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Giving	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 word	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 word	det
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 meaning	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 setting	punct
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 setting	cc
10	setting	set	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Giving	conj
11	out	out	ADP	_	10 setting	compound:prt
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 limits	det
13	limits	limit	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 setting	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 something	case
15	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	13 limits	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Giving	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	give	gerund	the exact meaning of a word	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Theme
2	set out	gerund	the limits of something	tree rules
3	mean		a word	nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient

Meaning 3

Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.

A «defining relative clause» gives information that tells you exactly which person or thing is meant.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 clause	det
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 clause	punct
3	defining	defining	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 clause	amod
4	relative	relative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 clause	amod
5	clause	clause	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gives	nsubj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 clause	punct
7	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	information	information	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gives	obj
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 tells	nsubj
10	tells	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 information	acl:relcl
11	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 tells	iobj
12	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	13 which	advmod
13	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	14 person	det
14	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 meant	nsubj:pass
15	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 thing	cc
16	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 person	conj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 meant	aux:pass
18	meant	mean	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 tells	ccomp
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 gives	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	give	present	a defining relative clause	information		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent information=Theme
2	tell speech: assert	present	information		you	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic
3	mean	present · passive		which person or thing		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Example 1

Winning the final was a defining moment for the team.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Winning	win	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 moment	csubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 final	det
3	final	final	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Winning	obj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 moment	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 moment	det
6	defining	defining	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 moment	amod
7	moment	moment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 team	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 team	det
10	team	team	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 moment	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 moment	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	gerund		the final					vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent final=Eventuality
2	is a	past	Winning	a defining moment				for the team	tree rules

Example 2

A defining feature of a triangle is that it has three sides.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 feature	det
2	defining	defining	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 feature	amod
3	feature	feature	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 has	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 triangle	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 triangle	det
6	triangle	triangle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 feature	nmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 has	cop
8	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 has	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 has	nsubj
10	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 sides	nummod
12	sides	side	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 has	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a defining feature of a triangle					have property	tree rules
2	feature			a triangle					nom feature «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Example 3

We are defining the new words in our vocabulary books.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 defining	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 defining	aux
3	defining	define	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 words	det
5	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 words	amod
6	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 defining	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 books	case
8	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 books	nmod:poss
9	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 books	compound
10	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 words	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 defining	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	define	present · progressive	We	the new words		our vocabulary books			vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme

Example 4

Kindness is her defining quality.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kindness	kindness	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 quality	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 quality	cop
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 quality	nmod:poss
4	defining	defining	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 quality	amod
5	quality	quality	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 quality	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Kindness	her defining quality					tree rules

Example 5

Defining what a «fair» game means helped end the argument.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Defining	define	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 means	csubj
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	1 Defining	obj
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 game	det
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 fair	punct
5	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 game	amod
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 fair	punct
7	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 what	nsubj
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	helped	help	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 means	ccomp
10	end	end	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 helped	xcomp
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 argument	det
12	argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 end	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	define	gerund			vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme
2	mean	present	Defining		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	help	participle			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	end	infinitive		the argument	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality argument=Eventuality

Example 6

In the sentence «The book that I read was long», «that I read» is a defining clause.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 sentence	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sentence	det
3	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 clause	obl
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 long	punct
5	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 book	det
6	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 long	nsubj
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 read	obj
8	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 read	nsubj
9	read	read	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 book	acl:relcl
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 long	cop
11	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sentence	parataxis
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 long	punct
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 sentence	punct
14	«	«	PUNCT	_	17 read	punct
15	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 read	mark
16	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 read	nsubj
17	read	read	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 clause	csubj
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	17 read	punct
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 clause	cop
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 clause	det
21	defining	defining	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 clause	amod
22	clause	clause	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	22 clause	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	read in a quote	past	I	the book			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Topic
2	is in a quote	past	the book			long property	tree rules
3	read in a quote	past	I				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is a	present		a defining clause	the sentence		tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/defining/