depreciation Who acts: loss, something, Self depreciation, you, New cars, old phone · What happens: get, use, be, value, compare, say · To what, where: something, money, yourself, fast depreciation, holidays, dollar · Speech: someone speaks here
«depreciation» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: depreciation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: money — kept apart, not parsed.
The loss of value of something as it gets older or is used, like a car being worth less each year.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj case nmod case nmod mark nsubj xcomp cc aux:pass advcl punct case det obl cop parataxis advmod det obl:unmarked punct root The DET loss NOUN of ADP value NOUN of ADP something PRON as SCONJ it PRON gets VERB older ADJ or CCONJ is AUX used VERB , PUNCT like ADP a DET car NOUN being AUX worth ADJ less ADV each DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 loss det 2 loss loss NOUN Number=Sing 9 gets nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 value case 4 value value NOUN Number=Sing 2 loss nmod 5 of of ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 value nmod 7 as as SCONJ _ 9 gets mark 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 gets nsubj 9 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 gets xcomp 11 or or CCONJ _ 13 used cc 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 used aux:pass 13 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 gets advcl 14 , , PUNCT _ 19 worth punct 15 like like ADP _ 17 car case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 car det 17 car car NOUN Number=Sing 19 worth obl 18 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 19 worth cop 19 worth worth ADJ Degree=Pos 13 used parataxis 20 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 19 worth advmod 21 each each DET PronType=Tot 22 year det 22 year year NOUN Number=Sing 19 worth obl:unmarked 23 . . PUNCT _ 9 gets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present the loss of value of something old property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 2 use present · passive the loss of value of something not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V» 3 is gerund year like a car; less, worth property tree rules 4 value something nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: money — kept apart, not parsed.
A fall in the value of a country's money compared with other currencies.
The tree, 14 words det case det nmod case det nmod:poss case nmod acl case amod obl punct root A DET fall NOUN in ADP the DET value NOUN of ADP a DET country NOUN 's PART money NOUN compared VERB with ADP other ADJ currencies NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 fall det 2 fall fall NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 value case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 value det 5 value value NOUN Number=Sing 2 fall nmod 6 of of ADP _ 10 money case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 country det 8 country country NOUN Number=Sing 10 money nmod:poss 9 's 's PART _ 8 country case 10 money money NOUN Number=Sing 5 value nmod 11 compared compare VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 money acl 12 with with ADP _ 14 currencies case 13 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 14 currencies amod 14 currencies currency NOUN Number=Plur 11 compared obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 fall punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 compare participle a country's money not said here with other currencies vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with currency=Co-Patient 2 value a country's money nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Saying that something is of little worth.
mark nsubj cop case amod ccomp punct root Saying VERB that SCONJ something PRON is AUX of ADP little ADJ worth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Saying say VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 that that SCONJ _ 7 worth mark 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 worth nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 worth cop 5 of of ADP _ 7 worth case 6 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 7 worth amod 7 worth worth NOUN Number=Sing 1 Saying ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Saying punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert gerund vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is present something of little worth tree rules
Meaning 4 Self-depreciation means running yourself down, saying that you are not very good or clever.
The tree, 15 words compound punct nsubj xcomp obj compound:prt punct conj mark nsubj cop advmod advmod ccomp cc conj punct root Self NOUN - PUNCT depreciation NOUN means VERB running VERB yourself PRON down ADP , PUNCT saying VERB that SCONJ you PRON are AUX not PART very ADV good ADJ or CCONJ clever ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Self self NOUN Number=Sing 3 depreciation compound 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 Self punct 3 depreciation depreciation NOUN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 running run VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means xcomp 6 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 running obj 7 down down ADP _ 5 running compound:prt 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 saying punct 9 saying say VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 running conj 10 that that SCONJ _ 15 good mark 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 15 good nsubj 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 good cop 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 15 good advmod 14 very very ADV _ 15 good advmod 15 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 9 saying ccomp 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 clever cc 17 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos 15 good conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Self depreciation vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 run down not said to happen gerund Self depreciation not said here yourself vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme yourself=Trajectory 3 say speech: assert gerund Self depreciation not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 4 not is present you good property tree rules 5 be you not said here tree rules
Example 1 New cars suffer fast depreciation in the first year.
amod nsubj amod obj case det amod obl punct root New ADJ cars NOUN suffer VERB fast ADJ depreciation NOUN in ADP the DET first ADJ year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 New new ADJ Degree=Pos 2 cars amod 2 cars car NOUN Number=Plur 3 suffer nsubj 3 suffer suffer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 fast fast ADJ Degree=Pos 5 depreciation amod 5 depreciation depreciation NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffer obj 6 in in ADP _ 9 year case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 year det 8 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 9 year amod 9 year year NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffer obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 suffer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer present New cars fast depreciation year vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer depreciation=Stimulus
Example 2 Because of depreciation, Dad's old phone is worth very little.
case fixed obl punct nmod:poss case amod nsubj cop advmod csubj punct root Because ADP of ADP depreciation NOUN , PUNCT Dad PROPN 's PART old ADJ phone NOUN is AUX worth ADJ very ADV little ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 3 depreciation case 2 of of ADP _ 1 Because fixed 3 depreciation depreciation NOUN Number=Sing 10 worth obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 depreciation punct 5 Dad Dad PROPN Number=Sing 8 phone nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 Dad case 7 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 8 phone amod 8 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 10 worth nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 worth cop 10 worth worth ADJ Degree=Pos root root 11 very very ADV _ 12 little advmod 12 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 10 worth csubj 13 . . PUNCT _ 10 worth punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Dad's old phone because depreciation; worth property tree rules
Example 3 The depreciation of the dollar made holidays abroad dearer.
det nsubj case det nmod obj advmod xcomp punct root The DET depreciation NOUN of ADP the DET dollar NOUN made VERB holidays NOUN abroad ADV dearer ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 depreciation det 2 depreciation depreciation NOUN Number=Sing 6 made nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 dollar case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 dollar det 5 dollar dollar NOUN Number=Sing 2 depreciation nmod 6 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 holidays holiday NOUN Number=Plur 6 made obj 8 abroad abroad ADV _ 6 made advmod 9 dearer dear ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 made xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the depreciation of the dollar holidays abroad, dear property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset holiday=Product 2 depreciate the dollar nom depreciation «act transitive»: of=patient
Example 4 We worked out the depreciation of the laptop in maths.
nsubj compound:prt det obj case det nmod case obl punct root We PRON worked VERB out ADP the DET depreciation NOUN of ADP the DET laptop NOUN in ADP maths NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 worked nsubj 2 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADP _ 2 worked compound:prt 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 depreciation det 5 depreciation depreciation NOUN Number=Sing 2 worked obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 laptop case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 laptop det 8 laptop laptop NOUN Number=Sing 5 depreciation nmod 9 in in ADP _ 10 maths case 10 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 2 worked obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 worked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work out past We the depreciation of the laptop maths vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent depreciation=Topic 2 depreciate the laptop nom depreciation «act transitive»: of=patient
Example 5 Toys usually lose value, but some rare ones avoid depreciation.
nsubj advmod obj punct cc det amod nsubj parataxis obj punct root Toys NOUN usually ADV lose VERB value NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ some DET rare ADJ ones NOUN avoid VERB depreciation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Toys toy NOUN Number=Plur 3 lose nsubj 2 usually usually ADV _ 3 lose advmod 3 lose lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 value value NOUN Number=Sing 3 lose obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 10 avoid punct 6 but but CCONJ _ 10 avoid cc 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 9 ones det 8 rare rare ADJ Degree=Pos 9 ones amod 9 ones one NOUN Number=Plur 10 avoid nsubj 10 avoid avoid VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 lose parataxis 11 depreciation depreciation NOUN Number=Sing 10 avoid obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 lose punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose present Toys value usually property vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent value=Eventuality 2 avoid present some rare ones depreciation vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent depreciation=Location
Example 6 The company counts depreciation on its machines every year.
det nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl det obl:unmarked punct root The DET company NOUN counts VERB depreciation NOUN on ADP its PRON machines NOUN every DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 company det 2 company company NOUN Number=Sing 3 counts nsubj 3 counts count VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 depreciation depreciation NOUN Number=Sing 3 counts obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 machines case 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 machines nmod:poss 7 machines machine NOUN Number=Plur 3 counts obl 8 every every DET PronType=Tot 9 year det 9 year year NOUN Number=Sing 3 counts obl:unmarked 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 counts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count present the company depreciation company's machines year vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent depreciation=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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