descend Who acts: plane, We, you, divers, She, her · What happens: descend, be, come down, move, mean, come · To what, where: someone, family history, great great grandchild, place, large numbers, airport · Speech: someone speaks here
«descend» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: descend in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To descend is to go or come down, or to move downwards.
mark csubj cop mark cc conj advmod punct cc mark parataxis advmod punct root To PART descend VERB is AUX to PART go VERB or CCONJ come VERB down ADV , PUNCT or CCONJ to PART move VERB downwards ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 descend mark 2 descend descend VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 go csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 go cop 4 to to PART _ 5 go mark 5 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 come cc 7 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 go conj 8 down down ADV _ 7 come advmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 move punct 10 or or CCONJ _ 12 move cc 11 to to PART _ 12 move mark 12 move move VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 go parataxis 13 downwards downwards ADV _ 12 move advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 descend to-infinitive vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present go property tree rules 3 come down infinitive down property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 move to-infinitive downwards property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To be descended from someone means to come from them in your family history (to be their great-great-grandchild, and so on).
The tree, 23 words mark aux:pass nsubj case obl mark ccomp case obl case nmod:poss compound obl punct mark cop nmod:poss amod punct amod punct obl punct cc advmod compound punct punct root To PART be AUX descended VERB from ADP someone PRON means VERB to PART come VERB from ADP them PRON in ADP your PRON family NOUN history NOUN ( PUNCT to PART be AUX their PRON great ADJ - PUNCT great ADJ - PUNCT grandchild NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ so ADV on ADP ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 descended mark 2 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 3 descended aux:pass 3 descended descend VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 means nsubj 4 from from ADP _ 5 someone case 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 descended obl 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 come mark 8 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means ccomp 9 from from ADP _ 10 them case 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 come obl 11 in in ADP _ 14 history case 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 history nmod:poss 13 family family NOUN Number=Sing 14 history compound 14 history history NOUN Number=Sing 8 come obl 15 ( ( PUNCT _ 23 grandchild punct 16 to to PART _ 23 grandchild mark 17 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 23 grandchild cop 18 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 23 grandchild nmod:poss 19 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 23 grandchild amod 20 - - PUNCT _ 19 great punct 21 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 23 grandchild amod 22 - - PUNCT _ 21 great punct 23 grandchild grandchild NOUN Number=Sing 8 come obl 24 , , PUNCT _ 27 on punct 25 and and CCONJ _ 27 on cc 26 so so ADV _ 27 on advmod 27 on on ADP _ 23 grandchild compound 28 ) ) PUNCT _ 27 on punct 29 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 descend to-infinitive · passive someone vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: from someone=Location 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 come not said to happen to-infinitive your family history from them = they vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from they=Initial_Location 4 is a to-infinitive their great great grandchild tree rules
Meaning 3 To descend on a place means to arrive there suddenly in large numbers.
mark csubj case det obl mark xcomp advmod advmod case amod obl punct root To PART descend VERB on ADP a DET place NOUN means VERB to PART arrive VERB there ADV suddenly ADV in ADP large ADJ numbers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 descend mark 2 descend descend VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means csubj 3 on on ADP _ 5 place case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 place det 5 place place NOUN Number=Sing 2 descend obl 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 arrive mark 8 arrive arrive VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means xcomp 9 there there ADV PronType=Dem 8 arrive advmod 10 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 8 arrive advmod 11 in in ADP _ 13 numbers case 12 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 13 numbers amod 13 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 8 arrive obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 descend to-infinitive a place vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 arrive not said to happen to-infinitive large numbers; there suddenly property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The plane began to descend towards the airport.
det nsubj mark xcomp case det obl punct root The DET plane NOUN began VERB to PART descend VERB towards ADP the DET airport NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plane det 2 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 3 began nsubj 3 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 descend mark 5 descend descend VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 began xcomp 6 towards towards ADP _ 8 airport case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 airport det 8 airport airport NOUN Number=Sing 5 descend obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 began punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin past the plane vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 descend to-infinitive the plane not said here the airport vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards airport=Location
Example 2 We carefully descended the steep hill.
nsubj advmod det amod obj punct root We PRON carefully ADV descended VERB the DET steep ADJ hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 descended nsubj 2 carefully carefully ADV _ 3 descended advmod 3 descended descend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 hill det 5 steep steep ADJ Degree=Pos 6 hill amod 6 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 3 descended obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 descended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 descend past We the steep hill carefully property vn meander-47.7-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hill=Theme
Example 3 Put these numbers in descending order: 3, 8, 5.
det obj case compound obl punct appos punct nmod punct conj punct root Put VERB these DET numbers NOUN in ADP descending NOUN order NOUN : PUNCT 3 NUM , PUNCT 8 NUM , PUNCT 5 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 3 numbers det 3 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 1 Put obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 order case 5 descending descending NOUN Number=Sing 6 order compound 6 order order NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 8 3 punct 8 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 order appos 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 8 punct 10 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 3 nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 5 punct 12 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 3 conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here this numbers descending order vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent number=Theme in order=Destination
Example 4 She is descended from a family of sailors.
nsubj aux:pass case det obl case nmod punct root She PRON is AUX descended VERB from ADP a DET family NOUN of ADP sailors NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 descended nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 descended aux:pass 3 descended descend VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 from from ADP _ 6 family case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 family det 6 family family NOUN Number=Sing 3 descended obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 sailors case 8 sailors sailor NOUN Number=Plur 6 family nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 descended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 descend present · passive She a family of sailors vn meander-47.7-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 5 Night descended on the town.
acl case det obl punct root Night NOUN descended VERB on ADP the DET town NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Night night NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 descended descend VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Night acl 3 on on ADP _ 5 town case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 town det 5 town town NOUN Number=Sing 2 descended obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Night punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 descend participle Night not said here the town vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Hundreds of fans descended on the stadium.
nsubj case acl case det obl punct root Hundreds NOUN of ADP fans NOUN descended VERB on ADP the DET stadium NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hundreds hundred NOUN Number=Plur 3 fans nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 fans case 3 fans fan NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 descended descend VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 fans acl 5 on on ADP _ 7 stadium case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 stadium det 7 stadium stadium NOUN Number=Sing 4 descended obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 fans punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 descend participle fans not said here the stadium vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 The divers descended to the bottom of the lake.
det nsubj case det obl case det nmod punct root The DET divers NOUN descended VERB to ADP the DET bottom NOUN of ADP the DET lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 divers det 2 divers diver NOUN Number=Plur 3 descended nsubj 3 descended descend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 6 bottom case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bottom det 6 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 3 descended obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 lake case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 lake det 9 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 6 bottom nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 descended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 descend past the divers the bottom of the lake vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to bottom=Location
Example 8 She then descended from the chariot and made her reverence.
nsubj advmod case det obl cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root She PRON then ADV descended VERB from ADP the DET chariot NOUN and CCONJ made VERB her PRON reverence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 descended nsubj 2 then then ADV PronType=Dem 3 descended advmod 3 descended descend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 6 chariot case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 chariot det 6 chariot chariot NOUN Number=Sing 3 descended obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 made cc 8 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 descended conj 9 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 reverence nmod:poss 10 reverence reverence NOUN Number=Sing 8 made obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 descended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 descend past She the chariot then vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from chariot=Location 2 make past She not said here her reverence vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset reverence=Product 3 reverence her = she nom reverence «feeling transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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