descendant Who acts: person, She, Birds, old queen, We, Modern dogs · What happens: come, develop, grow out, be, have, draw · To what, where: same family line, animal, earlier kind, earlier thing, descendant, descendants
«descendant» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: descendant in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A person who comes later in the same family line: a child, grandchild, great-grandchild and so on.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj acl:relcl advmod case det amod compound obl punct det appos punct conj punct amod punct conj cc advmod conj punct root A DET person NOUN who PRON comes VERB later ADV in ADP the DET same ADJ family NOUN line NOUN : PUNCT a DET child NOUN , PUNCT grandchild NOUN , PUNCT great ADJ - PUNCT grandchild NOUN and CCONJ so ADV on ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 who who PRON PronType=Rel 4 comes nsubj 4 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 person acl:relcl 5 later late ADV Degree=Cmp 4 comes advmod 6 in in ADP _ 10 line case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 line det 8 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 10 line amod 9 family family NOUN Number=Sing 10 line compound 10 line line NOUN Number=Sing 4 comes obl 11 : : PUNCT _ 13 child punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 child det 13 child child NOUN Number=Sing 10 line appos 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 grandchild punct 15 grandchild grandchild NOUN Number=Sing 13 child conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 19 grandchild punct 17 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 19 grandchild amod 18 - - PUNCT _ 17 great punct 19 grandchild grandchild NOUN Number=Sing 13 child conj 20 and and CCONJ _ 22 on cc 21 so so ADV _ 22 on advmod 22 on on ADV _ 4 comes conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 2 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present a person the same family line late property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in line=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An animal or plant that has developed from an earlier kind.
det nsubj:pass cc conj nsubj:pass aux case det amod obl punct root An DET animal NOUN or CCONJ plant NOUN that PRON has AUX developed VERB from ADP an DET earlier ADJ kind NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 animal det 2 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 7 developed nsubj:pass 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 plant cc 4 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 2 animal conj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 developed nsubj:pass 6 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 developed aux 7 developed develop VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 from from ADP _ 11 kind case 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 kind det 10 earlier early ADJ Degree=Cmp 11 kind amod 11 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 7 developed obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 developed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 develop present · perfect · passive a animal or plant a earlier kind vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: subject=Product from kind=Material
Meaning 3 Something that has grown out of an earlier thing.
nsubj aux acl:relcl case case det amod obl punct root Something PRON that PRON has AUX grown VERB out ADP of ADP an DET earlier ADJ thing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 2 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 grown nsubj 3 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 grown aux 4 grown grow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 1 Something acl:relcl 5 out out ADP _ 9 thing case 6 of of ADP _ 9 thing case 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 thing det 8 earlier early ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 thing amod 9 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 4 grown obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow out present · perfect a earlier thing vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thing=Theme
Example 1 She is a descendant of Irish farmers.
nsubj cop det case amod nmod punct root She PRON is AUX a DET descendant NOUN of ADP Irish ADJ farmers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 descendant nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 descendant cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 descendant det 4 descendant descendant NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 farmers case 6 Irish Irish ADJ Degree=Pos 7 farmers amod 7 farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 4 descendant nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 descendant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present She a descendant of Irish farmers tree rules
Example 2 Birds are descendants of dinosaurs.
nsubj cop case nmod punct root Birds NOUN are AUX descendants NOUN of ADP dinosaurs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 3 descendants nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 descendants cop 3 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 dinosaurs case 5 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN Number=Plur 3 descendants nmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 descendants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Birds descendants of dinosaurs tree rules
Example 3 The old queen had dozens of descendants.
det amod nsubj obj case nmod punct root The DET old ADJ queen NOUN had VERB dozens NOUN of ADP descendants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 queen det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 queen amod 3 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 dozens dozen NOUN Number=Plur 4 had obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 descendants case 7 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 5 dozens nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the old queen dozens of descendants vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dozen=Patient
Example 4 We drew a family tree with Great-Gran at the top and her descendants below.
The tree, 15 words nsubj det compound obj case amod punct obl case det obl cc nmod:poss conj advmod punct root We PRON drew VERB a DET family NOUN tree NOUN with ADP Great ADJ - PUNCT Gran PROPN at ADP the DET top NOUN and CCONJ her PRON descendants NOUN below ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 drew nsubj 2 drew draw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 tree det 4 family family NOUN Number=Sing 5 tree compound 5 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 drew obj 6 with with ADP _ 9 Gran case 7 Great great ADJ Degree=Pos 9 Gran amod 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 Great punct 9 Gran Gran PROPN Number=Sing 2 drew obl 10 at at ADP _ 12 top case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 top det 12 top top NOUN Number=Sing 2 drew obl 13 and and CCONJ _ 15 descendants cc 14 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 descendants nmod:poss 15 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 12 top conj 16 below below ADV _ 15 descendants advmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 drew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw past We a family tree the top and Gran's descendants with Great Gran vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Theme
Example 5 Modern dogs are descendants of wolves.
amod nsubj cop case nmod punct root Modern ADJ dogs NOUN are AUX descendants NOUN of ADP wolves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Modern modern ADJ Degree=Pos 2 dogs amod 2 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 4 descendants nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 descendants cop 4 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 wolves case 6 wolves wolf NOUN Number=Plur 4 descendants nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 descendants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Modern dogs descendants of wolves tree rules
Example 6 He claims to be a descendant of a famous pirate.
nsubj mark cop det xcomp case det amod nmod punct root He PRON claims VERB to PART be AUX a DET descendant NOUN of ADP a DET famous ADJ pirate NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 claims nsubj 2 claims claim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 6 descendant mark 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 descendant cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 descendant det 6 descendant descendant NOUN Number=Sing 2 claims xcomp 7 of of ADP _ 10 pirate case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 pirate det 9 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 10 pirate amod 10 pirate pirate NOUN Number=Sing 6 descendant nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 claims punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 claim speech: other present He vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is a to-infinitive He not said here a descendant of a famous pirate tree rules
Example 7 Today's computers are descendants of huge early machines.
nmod:poss case nsubj cop case amod amod nmod punct root Today NOUN 's PART computers NOUN are AUX descendants NOUN of ADP huge ADJ early ADJ machines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Today today NOUN Number=Sing 3 computers nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Today case 3 computers computer NOUN Number=Plur 5 descendants nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 descendants cop 5 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 machines case 7 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 9 machines amod 8 early early ADJ Degree=Pos 9 machines amod 9 machines machine NOUN Number=Plur 5 descendants nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 descendants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Today's computers descendants of huge early machines tree rules
Example 8 Daedalus, a descendant of Erechtheus, was an Athenian architect, sculptor, and mechanician.
The tree, 12 words nsubj punct det appos case nmod punct cop det compound punct conj punct cc conj punct root Daedalus PROPN , PUNCT a DET descendant NOUN of ADP Erechtheus PROPN , PUNCT was AUX an DET Athenian PROPN architect NOUN , PUNCT sculptor NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ mechanician NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Daedalus Daedalus PROPN Number=Sing 11 architect nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 4 descendant punct 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 descendant det 4 descendant descendant NOUN Number=Sing 1 Daedalus appos 5 of of ADP _ 6 Erechtheus case 6 Erechtheus Erechtheus PROPN Number=Sing 4 descendant nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 1 Daedalus punct 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 architect cop 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 architect det 10 Athenian Athenian PROPN Number=Sing 11 architect compound 11 architect architect NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 sculptor punct 13 sculptor sculptor NOUN Number=Sing 11 architect conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 mechanician punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 mechanician cc 16 mechanician mechanician NOUN Number=Sing 11 architect conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 11 architect punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Daedalus a Athenian architect and sculptor and mechanician tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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