descendants Who acts: descendants, plants, birds, Something, old farmer, Many people · What happens: be, come, grow out, have, live, draw · To what, where: children, older kind, older thing, twenty descendants, birthday party, living descendants · Speech: someone speaks here
«descendants» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: descendants in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Your descendants are your children, their children, their children's children and so on into the future.
The tree, 17 words nmod:poss nsubj cop nmod:poss punct nmod:poss conj punct nmod:poss nmod:poss case conj cc advmod conj case det obl punct root Your PRON descendants NOUN are AUX your PRON children NOUN , PUNCT their PRON children NOUN , PUNCT their PRON children NOUN 's PART children NOUN and CCONJ so ADV on ADV into ADP the DET future NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 descendants nmod:poss 2 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 5 children nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 children cop 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 children nmod:poss 5 children child NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 children punct 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 children nmod:poss 8 children child NOUN Number=Plur 5 children conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 children punct 10 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 children nmod:poss 11 children child NOUN Number=Plur 13 children nmod:poss 12 's 's PART _ 11 children case 13 children child NOUN Number=Plur 5 children conj 14 and and CCONJ _ 16 on cc 15 so so ADV _ 16 on advmod 16 on on ADV _ 5 children conj 17 into into ADP _ 19 future case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 future det 19 future future NOUN Number=Sing 16 on obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 children punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Your descendants your children and descendants's children and descendants's children's children tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
Animals or plants that come from an older kind of living thing, like birds being descendants of dinosaurs.
The tree, 18 words cc conj nsubj acl:relcl case det amod obl case amod nmod punct case nsubj cop obl case nmod punct root Animals NOUN or CCONJ plants NOUN that PRON come VERB from ADP an DET older ADJ kind NOUN of ADP living ADJ thing NOUN , PUNCT like ADP birds NOUN being AUX descendants NOUN of ADP dinosaurs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Animals animal NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 or or CCONJ _ 3 plants cc 3 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 1 Animals conj 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 come nsubj 5 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 plants acl:relcl 6 from from ADP _ 9 kind case 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 kind det 8 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 kind amod 9 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 5 come obl 10 of of ADP _ 12 thing case 11 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 12 thing amod 12 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 9 kind nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 descendants punct 14 like like ADP _ 17 descendants case 15 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 17 descendants nsubj 16 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 17 descendants cop 17 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 5 come obl 18 of of ADP _ 19 dinosaurs case 19 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN Number=Plur 17 descendants nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 1 Animals punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present plants a older kind of living thing vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from kind=Initial_Location 2 is gerund birds like descendants; of dinosaurs tree rules
Meaning 3 Something new that grew out of an older thing (formal), like modern languages from older ones.
The tree, 16 words nsubj amod nsubj case case det amod obl punct amod punct punct case amod obl case amod nmod punct root Something PRON new ADJ that PRON grew VERB out ADP of ADP an DET older ADJ thing NOUN ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT , PUNCT like ADP modern ADJ languages NOUN from ADP older ADJ ones NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 grew nsubj 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Something amod 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 grew nsubj 4 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 out out ADP _ 9 thing case 6 of of ADP _ 9 thing case 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 thing det 8 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 thing amod 9 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 4 grew obl 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 formal punct 11 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 9 thing amod 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 formal punct 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 languages punct 14 like like ADP _ 16 languages case 15 modern modern ADJ Degree=Pos 16 languages amod 16 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 4 grew obl 17 from from ADP _ 19 ones case 18 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp 19 ones amod 19 ones one NOUN Number=Plur 16 languages nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow out past Something a older thing like modern languages from older ones vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thing=Theme
Example 1 The old farmer had twenty descendants at his birthday party.
det amod nsubj nummod obj case nmod:poss compound obl punct root The DET old ADJ farmer NOUN had VERB twenty NUM descendants NOUN at ADP his PRON birthday NOUN party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 farmer det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 farmer amod 3 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 twenty twenty NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 descendants nummod 6 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 4 had obj 7 at at ADP _ 10 party case 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 party nmod:poss 9 birthday birthday NOUN Number=Sing 10 party compound 10 party party NOUN Number=Sing 4 had obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the old farmer twenty descendants farmer's birthday party vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent descendant=Patient
Example 2 Birds are the living descendants of dinosaurs.
nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct root Birds NOUN are AUX the DET living ADJ descendants NOUN of ADP dinosaurs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 5 descendants nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 descendants cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 descendants det 4 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 5 descendants amod 5 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 dinosaurs case 7 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN Number=Plur 5 descendants nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 descendants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Birds the living descendants of dinosaurs tree rules
Example 3 Many people in New Zealand are descendants of Māori voyagers.
amod nsubj case flat nmod cop case amod nmod punct root Many ADJ people NOUN in ADP New PROPN Zealand PROPN are AUX descendants NOUN of ADP Māori ADJ voyagers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 people amod 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 descendants nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 Zealand case 4 New New PROPN Number=Sing 5 Zealand flat 5 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 2 people nmod 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 descendants cop 7 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 of of ADP _ 10 voyagers case 9 Māori māori ADJ Degree=Pos 10 voyagers amod 10 voyagers voyager NOUN Number=Plur 7 descendants nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 descendants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Many people in New Zealand descendants of Māori voyagers tree rules
Example 4 Her descendants still live in the same village in Ireland.
nmod:poss nsubj advmod case det amod obl case nmod punct root Her PRON descendants NOUN still ADV live VERB in ADP the DET same ADJ village NOUN in ADP Ireland PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 descendants nmod:poss 2 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 4 live nsubj 3 still still ADV _ 4 live advmod 4 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 in in ADP _ 8 village case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 village det 7 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 8 village amod 8 village village NOUN Number=Sing 4 live obl 9 in in ADP _ 10 Ireland case 10 Ireland Ireland PROPN Number=Sing 8 village nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Her descendants the same village in Ireland still vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in village=Location
Example 5 Our class drew a family tree showing a great-grandmother's descendants.
nmod:poss nsubj det compound obj acl det amod punct nmod:poss case obj punct root Our PRON class NOUN drew VERB a DET family NOUN tree NOUN showing VERB a DET great ADJ - PUNCT grandmother NOUN 's PART descendants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 class nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 drew nsubj 3 drew draw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 tree det 5 family family NOUN Number=Sing 6 tree compound 6 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 3 drew obj 7 showing show VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 tree acl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 grandmother det 9 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 11 grandmother amod 10 - - PUNCT _ 9 great punct 11 grandmother grandmother NOUN Number=Sing 13 descendants nmod:poss 12 's 's PART _ 11 grandmother case 13 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 7 showing obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 drew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw past Our class a family tree vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Theme 2 show gerund a family tree not said here a great grandmother's descendants vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent descendant=Recipient
Example 6 Dogs are descendants of wolves.
nsubj cop case nmod punct root Dogs NOUN are AUX descendants NOUN of ADP wolves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 3 descendants nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 descendants cop 3 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 wolves case 5 wolves wolf NOUN Number=Plur 3 descendants nmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 descendants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Dogs descendants of wolves tree rules
Example 7 The queen's descendants include princes and princesses.
det nmod:poss case nsubj obj cc conj punct root The DET queen NOUN 's PART descendants NOUN include VERB princes NOUN and CCONJ princesses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 queen det 2 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 4 descendants nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 queen case 4 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 5 include nsubj 5 include include VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 princes prince NOUN Number=Plur 5 include obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 princesses cc 8 princesses princess NOUN Number=Plur 6 princes conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 include punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 include present the queen's descendants princes and princesses vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prince=Theme
Example 8 “Descendants are only children,” said John.
punct nsubj cop advmod nsubj punct punct nsubj punct root “ PUNCT Descendants NOUN are AUX only ADV children NOUN , PUNCT ” PUNCT said VERB John PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 5 children punct 2 Descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 5 children nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 children cop 4 only only ADV _ 5 children advmod 5 children child NOUN Number=Plur 8 said nsubj 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 children punct 7 ” " PUNCT _ 5 children punct 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 John John PROPN Number=Sing 8 said nsubj 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present Descendants children tree rules 2 say speech: assert past children vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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