dickens Who acts: Charles, dickens, Dickens novel, class, poor children, Scrooge · What happens: be, use, show, mean, read, write · To what, where: famous English writer, gentle word, surprise, that, picture, Christmas Carol · Speech: someone speaks here
«dickens» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dickens in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Charles Dickens was a famous English writer of long novels, such as «Oliver Twist», «A Christmas Carol» and «Great Expectations».
The tree, 20 words nsubj flat cop det amod amod case amod nmod punct case fixed punct compound nmod punct punct punct det compound appos punct cc punct amod conj punct punct root Charles PROPN Dickens PROPN was AUX a DET famous ADJ English ADJ writer NOUN of ADP long ADJ novels NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP « PUNCT Oliver PROPN Twist PROPN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT A DET Christmas PROPN Carol PROPN » PUNCT and CCONJ « PUNCT Great ADJ Expectations PROPN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Charles Charles PROPN Number=Sing 7 writer nsubj 2 Dickens Dickens PROPN Number=Sing 1 Charles flat 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 writer cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 writer det 5 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 7 writer amod 6 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 7 writer amod 7 writer writer NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 10 novels case 9 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 10 novels amod 10 novels novel NOUN Number=Plur 7 writer nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 16 Twist punct 12 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 16 Twist case 13 as as ADP _ 12 such fixed 14 « « PUNCT _ 16 Twist punct 15 Oliver Oliver PROPN Number=Sing 16 Twist compound 16 Twist Twist PROPN Number=Sing 10 novels nmod 17 » » PUNCT _ 16 Twist punct 18 , , PUNCT _ 22 Carol punct 19 « « PUNCT _ 22 Carol punct 20 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 Carol det 21 Christmas Christmas PROPN Number=Sing 22 Carol compound 22 Carol Carol PROPN Number=Sing 16 Twist appos 23 » » PUNCT _ 22 Carol punct 24 and and CCONJ _ 27 Expectations cc 25 « « PUNCT _ 27 Expectations punct 26 Great great ADJ Degree=Pos 27 Expectations amod 27 Expectations Expectation PROPN Number=Plur 16 Twist conj 28 » » PUNCT _ 7 writer punct 29 . . PUNCT _ 7 writer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Charles a famous English writer of long novels such Oliver Twist and Great Expectations tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: old-fashioned, mild — kept apart, not parsed.
«The dickens» is a gentle word for the devil, used to show surprise or annoyance, as in «What the dickens is that?».
The tree, 22 words punct det nsubj punct cop det amod case det nmod punct acl mark advcl obj cc conj punct mark case punct obl det nsubj cop nsubj punct punct punct root « PUNCT The DET dickens NOUN » PUNCT is AUX a DET gentle ADJ word NOUN for ADP the DET devil NOUN , PUNCT used VERB to PART show VERB surprise NOUN or CCONJ annoyance NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP « PUNCT What PRON the DET dickens NOUN is AUX that PRON ? PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 dickens punct 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 dickens det 3 dickens dickens NOUN Number=Sing 8 word nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 dickens punct 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 word cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 word det 7 gentle gentle ADJ Degree=Pos 8 word amod 8 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 for for ADP _ 11 devil case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 devil det 11 devil devil NOUN Number=Sing 8 word nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 used punct 13 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 word acl 14 to to PART _ 15 show mark 15 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 used advcl 16 surprise surprise NOUN Number=Sing 15 show obj 17 or or CCONJ _ 18 annoyance cc 18 annoyance annoyance NOUN Number=Sing 16 surprise conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 23 What punct 20 as as SCONJ _ 23 What mark 21 in in ADP _ 23 What case 22 « « PUNCT _ 23 What punct 23 What what PRON PronType=Int 13 used obl 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 dickens det 25 dickens dickens NOUN Number=Sing 27 that nsubj 26 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 27 that cop 27 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 23 What nsubj 28 ? ? PUNCT _ 23 What punct 29 » » PUNCT _ 23 What punct 30 . . PUNCT _ 8 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the dickens a gentle word for the devil tree rules 2 use participle a gentle word not said here a gentle word vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 show to-infinitive surprise or annoyance vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent surprise=Recipient 4 is a in a quote present the dickens that tree rules
Meaning 3 A Dickens novel or Dickens's world can mean a picture of poor, dirty, crowded old city streets.
The tree, 18 words det compound nsubj cc nmod:poss case conj aux det obj case amod punct amod punct amod amod compound nmod punct root A DET Dickens PROPN novel NOUN or CCONJ Dickens PROPN 's PART world NOUN can AUX mean VERB a DET picture NOUN of ADP poor ADJ , PUNCT dirty ADJ , PUNCT crowded ADJ old ADJ city NOUN streets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 novel det 2 Dickens Dickens PROPN Number=Sing 3 novel compound 3 novel novel NOUN Number=Sing 9 mean nsubj 4 or or CCONJ _ 7 world cc 5 Dickens Dickens PROPN Number=Sing 7 world nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 Dickens case 7 world world NOUN Number=Sing 3 novel conj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 mean aux 9 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 picture det 11 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 9 mean obj 12 of of ADP _ 20 streets case 13 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 20 streets amod 14 , , PUNCT _ 13 poor punct 15 dirty dirty ADJ Degree=Pos 20 streets amod 16 , , PUNCT _ 15 dirty punct 17 crowded crowded ADJ Degree=Pos 20 streets amod 18 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 20 streets amod 19 city city NOUN Number=Sing 20 streets compound 20 streets street NOUN Number=Plur 11 picture nmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 9 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can a Dickens novel or Dickens's world a picture of poor dirty crowded old city streets vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Topic
Example 1 Our class is reading «A Christmas Carol» by Charles Dickens.
nmod:poss nsubj aux punct det compound obl punct case nmod flat punct root Our PRON class NOUN is AUX reading VERB « PUNCT A DET Christmas PROPN Carol PROPN » PUNCT by ADP Charles PROPN Dickens PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 class nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 4 reading nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 reading aux 4 reading read VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 « « PUNCT _ 8 Carol punct 6 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 Carol det 7 Christmas Christmas PROPN Number=Sing 8 Carol compound 8 Carol Carol PROPN Number=Sing 4 reading obl 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 Carol punct 10 by by ADP _ 11 Charles case 11 Charles Charles PROPN Number=Sing 8 Carol nmod 12 Dickens Dickens PROPN Number=Sing 11 Charles flat 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 reading punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read present · progressive Our class a Christmas Carol by Charles vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Dickens wrote about poor children working in London.
nsubj case amod obl acl case obl punct root Dickens PROPN wrote VERB about ADP poor ADJ children NOUN working VERB in ADP London PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dickens Dickens PROPN Number=Sing 2 wrote nsubj 2 wrote write VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 5 children case 4 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 5 children amod 5 children child NOUN Number=Plur 2 wrote obl 6 working work VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 children acl 7 in in ADP _ 8 London case 8 London London PROPN Number=Sing 6 working obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 wrote punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write past Dickens about poor children vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about child=Topic 2 work gerund poor children not said here in London vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in london=Theme
Example 3 Scrooge is one of Dickens's most famous characters.
nsubj cop case nmod:poss case advmod amod nmod punct root Scrooge NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP Dickens PROPN 's PART most ADV famous ADJ characters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scrooge scrooge NOUN Number=Sing 3 one nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 one cop 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 4 of of ADP _ 9 characters case 5 Dickens Dickens PROPN Number=Sing 9 characters nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 Dickens case 7 most most ADV Degree=Sup 8 famous advmod 8 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 9 characters amod 9 characters character NOUN Number=Plur 3 one nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Scrooge one of Dickens's famous characters tree rules
Example 4 What the dickens is all that noise? (old-fashioned)
Sentence 1: What the dickens is all that noise?
det nsubj cop det:predet det nsubj punct root What PRON the DET dickens NOUN is AUX all DET that DET noise NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 dickens det 3 dickens dickens NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 noise cop 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 noise det:predet 6 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 noise det 7 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present all noise tree rules
Sentence 2: (old-fashioned)
punct amod punct punct root ( PUNCT old ADJ - PUNCT fashioned ADJ ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 fashioned punct 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 fashioned amod 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 old punct 4 fashioned fashioned ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 fashioned punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 Grandpa said the puppy was as cute as the dickens. (US, old-fashioned)
Sentence 1: Grandpa said the puppy was as cute as the dickens.
nsubj det nsubj aux advmod ccomp case det obl punct root Grandpa PROPN said VERB the DET puppy NOUN was AUX as ADV cute ADJ as ADP the DET dickens NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 puppy det 4 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 7 cute nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 cute aux 6 as as ADV _ 7 cute advmod 7 cute cute ADJ Degree=Pos 2 said ccomp 8 as as ADP _ 10 dickens case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 dickens det 10 dickens dickens NOUN Number=Sing 7 cute obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Grandpa vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: (US, old-fashioned)
punct punct amod punct amod punct root ( PUNCT US PROPN , PUNCT old ADJ - PUNCT fashioned ADJ ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 US punct 2 US US PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 fashioned punct 4 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 fashioned amod 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 old punct 6 fashioned fashioned ADJ Degree=Pos 2 US amod 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 fashioned punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 6 The old workhouse looked like something out of Dickens.
det amod nsubj case obl case case nmod punct root The DET old ADJ workhouse NOUN looked VERB like ADP something PRON out ADP of ADP Dickens PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 workhouse det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 workhouse amod 3 workhouse workhouse NOUN Number=Sing 4 looked nsubj 4 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 like like ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 looked obl 7 out out ADP _ 9 Dickens case 8 of of ADP _ 9 Dickens case 9 Dickens Dickens PROPN Number=Sing 6 something nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past the old workhouse like something vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Example 7 We watched a play of «Oliver Twist», a Dickens story.
nsubj det obj case punct compound nmod punct punct det compound conj punct root We PRON watched VERB a DET play NOUN of ADP « PUNCT Oliver PROPN Twist PROPN » PUNCT , PUNCT a DET Dickens PROPN story NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 watched nsubj 2 watched watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 play det 4 play play NOUN Number=Sing 2 watched obj 5 of of ADP _ 8 Twist case 6 « « PUNCT _ 8 Twist punct 7 Oliver Oliver PROPN Number=Sing 8 Twist compound 8 Twist Twist PROPN Number=Sing 4 play nmod 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 Twist punct 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 story punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 story det 12 Dickens Dickens PROPN Number=Sing 13 story compound 13 story story NOUN Number=Sing 8 Twist conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 watched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 watch past We a play of Oliver Twist and a Dickens story vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent play=Theme 2 play Oliver Twist and a Dickens story nom play «communication intransitive»: of=agent
Example 8 "What the dickens," said the squire, "do you mean by lying in the middle of the road like that?"
The tree, 19 words punct nsubj det nsubj punct punct det obj punct punct aux nsubj ccomp mark advcl case det obl case det nmod case obl punct punct root " PUNCT What PRON the DET dickens NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB the DET squire NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT do AUX you PRON mean VERB by SCONJ lying VERB in ADP the DET middle NOUN of ADP the DET road NOUN like ADP that PRON ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 dickens punct 2 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 dickens nsubj 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 dickens det 4 dickens dickens NOUN Number=Sing 7 said nsubj 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 dickens punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 4 dickens punct 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 squire det 9 squire squire NOUN Number=Sing 7 said obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 mean punct 11 " " PUNCT _ 14 mean punct 12 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 mean aux 13 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 14 mean nsubj 14 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 said ccomp 15 by by SCONJ _ 16 lying mark 16 lying lie VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 14 mean advcl 17 in in ADP _ 19 middle case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 middle det 19 middle middle NOUN Number=Sing 16 lying obl 20 of of ADP _ 22 road case 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 road det 22 road road NOUN Number=Sing 19 middle nmod 23 like like ADP _ 24 that case 24 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 16 lying obl 25 ? ? PUNCT _ 14 mean punct 26 " " PUNCT _ 14 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dickens in a quote tree rules 2 say speech: ask past the dickens the squire tree rules 3 mean in a quote present · do-support you vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 4 lie in a quote gerund you not said here the middle of the road like that vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in middle=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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