dictionary Who acts: dictionary, book, words, you, teacher, I · What happens: be, list, tell, mean, spell, say · To what, where: book, words, alphabetical order, you, one language, names · Speech: someone speaks here
«dictionary» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dictionary in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A dictionary is a book or website that lists words in alphabetical order and tells you what they mean, how to spell and say them.
The tree, 25 words det nsubj cop det cc conj nsubj acl:relcl obj case amod obl cc conj iobj obj nsubj ccomp punct advmod mark ccomp cc conj obj punct root A DET dictionary NOUN is AUX a DET book NOUN or CCONJ website NOUN that PRON lists VERB words NOUN in ADP alphabetical ADJ order NOUN and CCONJ tells VERB you PRON what PRON they PRON mean VERB , PUNCT how ADV to PART spell VERB and CCONJ say VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 dictionary det 2 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 5 book nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 book cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 book det 5 book book NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 website cc 7 website website NOUN Number=Sing 5 book conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 lists nsubj 9 lists list VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 book acl:relcl 10 words word NOUN Number=Plur 9 lists obj 11 in in ADP _ 13 order case 12 alphabetical alphabetical ADJ Degree=Pos 13 order amod 13 order order NOUN Number=Sing 9 lists obl 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 tells cc 15 tells tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 lists conj 16 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 15 tells iobj 17 what what PRON PronType=Int 19 mean obj 18 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 mean nsubj 19 mean mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 tells ccomp 20 , , PUNCT _ 23 spell punct 21 how how ADV PronType=Int 23 spell advmod 22 to to PART _ 23 spell mark 23 spell spell VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 mean ccomp 24 and and CCONJ _ 25 say cc 25 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 23 spell conj 26 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 25 say obj 27 . . PUNCT _ 5 book punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a dictionary a book or website tree rules 2 list present a book or website words alphabetical order tree rules 3 tell speech: assert present a book or website not said here you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic 4 mean present words = word tree rules 5 spell not said to happen to-infinitive vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent 6 say speech: assert infinitive words = word vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent they=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A book that gives the words of one language in another language, like an English–French dictionary.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj acl:relcl det obj case nummod nmod case det nmod punct case det amod punct amod obl punct root A DET book NOUN that PRON gives VERB the DET words NOUN of ADP one NUM language NOUN in ADP another DET language NOUN , PUNCT like ADP an DET English ADJ – PUNCT French ADJ dictionary NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 book det 2 book book NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 gives nsubj 4 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 book acl:relcl 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 words det 6 words word NOUN Number=Plur 4 gives obj 7 of of ADP _ 9 language case 8 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 language nummod 9 language language NOUN Number=Sing 6 words nmod 10 in in ADP _ 12 language case 11 another another DET PronType=Ind 12 language det 12 language language NOUN Number=Sing 9 language nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 19 dictionary punct 14 like like ADP _ 19 dictionary case 15 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 dictionary det 16 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 19 dictionary amod 17 – - PUNCT _ 16 English punct 18 French French ADJ Degree=Pos 19 dictionary amod 19 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 4 gives obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 book punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present a book the words of one language in another language like a English French dictionary vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme 2 word one language in another language nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 Usage: computing — kept apart, not parsed.
A list of names paired with values in a computer program.
det case nmod acl case obl case det compound obl punct root A DET list NOUN of ADP names NOUN paired VERB with ADP values NOUN in ADP a DET computer NOUN program NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 list det 2 list list NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 names case 4 names name NOUN Number=Plur 2 list nmod 5 paired pair VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 names acl 6 with with ADP _ 7 values case 7 values value NOUN Number=Plur 5 paired obl 8 in in ADP _ 11 program case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 program det 10 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 11 program compound 11 program program NOUN Number=Sing 5 paired obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 list punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pair participle names not said here a computer program with values vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with value=Co-Patient 2 list names nom list «communication transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 Look up «enormous» in the dictionary.
compound:prt punct xcomp punct case det obl punct root Look VERB up ADP « PUNCT enormous ADJ » PUNCT in ADP the DET dictionary NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Look look VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 up up ADP _ 1 Look compound:prt 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 enormous punct 4 enormous enormous ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Look xcomp 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 enormous punct 6 in in ADP _ 8 dictionary case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 dictionary det 8 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 4 enormous obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look up imperative you not said here enormous property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 2 Our teacher keeps a big dictionary on her desk.
nmod:poss nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Our PRON teacher NOUN keeps VERB a DET big ADJ dictionary NOUN on ADP her PRON desk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 teacher nmod:poss 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 keeps nsubj 3 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 dictionary det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dictionary amod 6 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 3 keeps obj 7 on on ADP _ 9 desk case 8 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 desk nmod:poss 9 desk desk NOUN Number=Sing 3 keeps obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 keeps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep present Our teacher a big dictionary teacher's desk vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent dictionary=Theme on desk=Location
Example 3 I used an online dictionary to check the spelling.
nsubj det amod obj mark advcl det obj punct root I PRON used VERB an DET online ADJ dictionary NOUN to PART check VERB the DET spelling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 used nsubj 2 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 dictionary det 4 online online ADJ Degree=Pos 5 dictionary amod 5 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 2 used obj 6 to to PART _ 7 check mark 7 check check VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 used advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 spelling det 9 spelling spelling NOUN Number=Sing 7 check obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past I a online dictionary vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dictionary=Patient 2 check to-infinitive I not said here the spelling vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spelling=Theme
Example 4 She bought a French dictionary for her holiday.
nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root She PRON bought VERB a DET French ADJ dictionary NOUN for ADP her PRON holiday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 dictionary det 4 French French ADJ Degree=Pos 5 dictionary amod 5 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 holiday case 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 holiday nmod:poss 8 holiday holiday NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past She a French dictionary for her holiday vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent dictionary=Theme for holiday=Beneficiary
Example 5 Words in a dictionary are in alphabetical order.
nsubj case det nmod cop case amod punct root Words NOUN in ADP a DET dictionary NOUN are AUX in ADP alphabetical ADJ order NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Words word NOUN Number=Plur 8 order nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 4 dictionary case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dictionary det 4 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 1 Words nmod 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 order cop 6 in in ADP _ 8 order case 7 alphabetical alphabetical ADJ Degree=Pos 8 order amod 8 order order NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 order punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Words in a dictionary alphabetical order tree rules
Example 6 The dictionary says «colour» is spelled «color» in the US.
The tree, 10 words det nsubj punct nsubj:pass punct aux:pass ccomp punct obl punct case det nmod punct root The DET dictionary NOUN says VERB « PUNCT colour NOUN » PUNCT is AUX spelled VERB « PUNCT color NOUN » PUNCT in ADP the DET US PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dictionary det 2 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 colour punct 5 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 8 spelled nsubj:pass 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 colour punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 spelled aux:pass 8 spelled spell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 says ccomp 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 color punct 10 color color NOUN Number=Sing 8 spelled obl 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 color punct 12 in in ADP _ 14 US case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 US det 14 US US PROPN Number=Sing 10 color nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present the dictionary vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 spell present · passive colour color in the US obl vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme
Example 7 My little brother has a picture dictionary.
nmod:poss amod nsubj det compound obj punct root My PRON little ADJ brother NOUN has VERB a DET picture NOUN dictionary NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brother amod 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 dictionary det 6 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 7 dictionary compound 7 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 4 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present My little brother a picture dictionary vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dictionary=Patient
Example 8 The youth who knew the dictionary and newspaper by heart had a black horse, and he who knew all about the corporation laws received a milk-white steed.
The tree, 28 words det nsubj nsubj det obj cc conj mark nsubj advcl det amod obj punct cc nsubj nsubj parataxis advmod mark det compound nsubj advcl det compound punct amod obj punct root The DET youth NOUN who PRON knew VERB the DET dictionary NOUN and CCONJ newspaper NOUN by SCONJ heart NOUN had VERB a DET black ADJ horse NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ he PRON who PRON knew VERB all ADV about SCONJ the DET corporation NOUN laws NOUN received VERB a DET milk NOUN - PUNCT white ADJ steed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 youth det 2 youth youth NOUN Number=Sing 4 knew nsubj 3 who who PRON PronType=Rel 4 knew nsubj 4 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 dictionary det 6 dictionary dictionary NOUN Number=Sing 4 knew obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 newspaper cc 8 newspaper newspaper NOUN Number=Sing 6 dictionary conj 9 by by SCONJ _ 11 had mark 10 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 11 had nsubj 11 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 knew advcl 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 horse det 13 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 14 horse amod 14 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 11 had obj 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 knew punct 16 and and CCONJ _ 19 knew cc 17 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 knew nsubj 18 who who PRON PronType=Rel 19 knew nsubj 19 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 knew parataxis 20 all all ADV _ 19 knew advmod 21 about about SCONJ _ 25 received mark 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 laws det 23 corporation corporation NOUN Number=Sing 24 laws compound 24 laws law NOUN Number=Plur 25 received nsubj 25 received receive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 19 knew advcl 26 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 30 steed det 27 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 29 white compound 28 - - PUNCT _ 27 milk punct 29 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 30 steed amod 30 steed steed NOUN Number=Sing 25 received obj 31 . . PUNCT _ 4 knew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know past the youth the dictionary and newspaper vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer dictionary=Stimulus 2 have past heart a black horse vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient 3 know past heart all property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 receive past the corporation laws a white steed vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steed=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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