dilemma Who acts: dilemma, one, moral dilemma, two good rules, I, Telling · What happens: be, have, know, pull, go, tell · To what, where: hard choice, bad side, choice, dilemma, party, truth · Speech: someone speaks here
«dilemma» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dilemma in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A dilemma is a hard choice between two (or more) options when each one has a bad side, so it is hard to know what is right.
The tree, 27 words det nsubj cop det amod case nummod punct cc amod punct nmod mark det nsubj advcl det amod obj punct advmod expl cop conj mark csubj nsubj cop ccomp punct root A DET dilemma NOUN is AUX a DET hard ADJ choice NOUN between ADP two NUM ( PUNCT or CCONJ more ADJ ) PUNCT options NOUN when SCONJ each DET one NOUN has VERB a DET bad ADJ side NOUN , PUNCT so ADV it PRON is AUX hard ADJ to PART know VERB what PRON is AUX right ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 dilemma det 2 dilemma dilemma NOUN Number=Sing 6 choice nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 choice cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 choice det 5 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 6 choice amod 6 choice choice NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 between between ADP _ 13 options case 8 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 13 options nummod 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 more punct 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 more cc 11 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 13 options amod 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 more punct 13 options option NOUN Number=Plur 6 choice nmod 14 when when SCONJ _ 17 has mark 15 each each DET PronType=Tot 16 one det 16 one one NOUN Number=Sing 17 has nsubj 17 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 choice advcl 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 side det 19 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 20 side amod 20 side side NOUN Number=Sing 17 has obj 21 , , PUNCT _ 25 hard punct 22 so so ADV _ 25 hard advmod 23 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 25 hard expl 24 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 25 hard cop 25 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 6 choice conj 26 to to PART _ 27 know mark 27 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 25 hard csubj 28 what what PRON PronType=Int 30 right nsubj 29 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 30 right cop 30 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 27 know ccomp 31 . . PUNCT _ 6 choice punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a dilemma a hard choice between two more options tree rules 2 have present each one a bad side vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent side=Patient 3 is present a dilemma not said here hard property tree rules 4 know to-infinitive vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 5 is present right property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: ethics — kept apart, not parsed.
A moral dilemma is a choice where two good rules pull against each other, like being honest and being kind.
The tree, 20 words det amod nsubj cop det advmod nummod amod nsubj acl:relcl case obl fixed punct mark cop parataxis cc cop conj punct root A DET moral ADJ dilemma NOUN is AUX a DET choice NOUN where ADV two NUM good ADJ rules NOUN pull VERB against ADP each DET other ADJ , PUNCT like SCONJ being AUX honest ADJ and CCONJ being AUX kind ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 dilemma det 2 moral moral ADJ Degree=Pos 3 dilemma amod 3 dilemma dilemma NOUN Number=Sing 6 choice nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 choice cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 choice det 6 choice choice NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 where where ADV PronType=Rel 11 pull advmod 8 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 rules nummod 9 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 10 rules amod 10 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 11 pull nsubj 11 pull pull VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 choice acl:relcl 12 against against ADP _ 13 each case 13 each each DET ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp 11 pull obl 14 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 13 each fixed 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 honest punct 16 like like SCONJ _ 18 honest mark 17 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 18 honest cop 18 honest honest ADJ Degree=Pos 11 pull parataxis 19 and and CCONJ _ 21 kind cc 20 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 21 kind cop 21 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 18 honest conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 choice punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a moral dilemma a choice tree rules 2 pull present two good rules against each vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent against each=Theme 3 is gerund honest property tree rules 4 is gerund kind property tree rules
Example 1 I had a dilemma: go to my best friend's party or my cousin's.
The tree, 15 words nsubj det obj punct conj case nmod:poss amod nmod:poss case obl cc nmod:poss nmod case punct root I PRON had VERB a DET dilemma NOUN : PUNCT go VERB to ADP my PRON best ADJ friend NOUN 's PART party NOUN or CCONJ my PRON cousin NOUN 's PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dilemma det 4 dilemma dilemma NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 5 : : PUNCT _ 6 go punct 6 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 had conj 7 to to ADP _ 12 party case 8 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 friend nmod:poss 9 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 10 friend amod 10 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 12 party nmod:poss 11 's 's PART _ 10 friend case 12 party party NOUN Number=Sing 6 go obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 cousin cc 14 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 cousin nmod:poss 15 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 12 party nmod 16 's 's PART _ 15 cousin case 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past I a dilemma vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dilemma=Patient 2 go infinitive I not said here my best friend's party 's my cousin vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to party=Initial_Location
Example 2 Telling the truth would hurt Sam's feelings — it was a real dilemma.
The tree, 13 words csubj det obj aux nmod:poss case obj punct nsubj cop det amod obl punct root Telling VERB the DET truth NOUN would AUX hurt VERB Sam PROPN 's PART feelings NOUN — PUNCT it PRON was AUX a DET real ADJ dilemma NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Telling tell VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 hurt csubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 truth det 3 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 1 Telling obj 4 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 hurt aux 5 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 8 feelings nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 Sam case 8 feelings feeling NOUN Number=Plur 5 hurt obj 9 — - PUNCT _ 14 dilemma punct 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 dilemma nsubj 11 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 dilemma cop 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 dilemma det 13 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 14 dilemma amod 14 dilemma dilemma NOUN Number=Sing 5 hurt obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert gerund the truth vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient 2 hurt would Telling Sam's feelings vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer feeling=Patient 3 is a past truth a real dilemma tree rules
Example 3 The class argued about a moral dilemma for an hour.
det nsubj case det amod obl case det obl punct root The DET class NOUN argued VERB about ADP a DET moral ADJ dilemma NOUN for ADP an DET hour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 class det 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 argued nsubj 3 argued argue VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 about about ADP _ 7 dilemma case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 dilemma det 6 moral moral ADJ Degree=Pos 7 dilemma amod 7 dilemma dilemma NOUN Number=Sing 3 argued obl 8 for for ADP _ 10 hour case 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 hour det 10 hour hour NOUN Number=Sing 3 argued obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 argued punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 argue speech: disagree past the class hour about a moral dilemma vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent about dilemma=Topic
Example 4 The hero's dilemma was to save the town or save his dog.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop mark det obj cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET hero NOUN 's PART dilemma NOUN was AUX to PART save VERB the DET town NOUN or CCONJ save VERB his PRON dog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 hero det 2 hero hero NOUN Number=Sing 4 dilemma nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 hero case 4 dilemma dilemma NOUN Number=Sing 7 save nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 save cop 6 to to PART _ 7 save mark 7 save save VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 town det 9 town town NOUN Number=Sing 7 save obj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 save cc 11 save save VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 save conj 12 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 dog nmod:poss 13 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 11 save obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 save punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the hero's dilemma save property tree rules 2 save infinitive the hero's dilemma not said here his dog vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Theme
Example 5 Mum faced a dilemma: work late or see my concert.
nsubj det obj punct obl advmod cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root Mum NOUN faced VERB a DET dilemma NOUN : PUNCT work NOUN late ADV or CCONJ see VERB my PRON concert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 faced nsubj 2 faced face VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dilemma det 4 dilemma dilemma NOUN Number=Sing 2 faced obj 5 : : PUNCT _ 6 work punct 6 work work NOUN Number=Sing 2 faced obl 7 late late ADV Degree=Pos 2 faced advmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 see cc 9 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 faced conj 10 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 concert nmod:poss 11 concert concert NOUN Number=Sing 9 see obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 faced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 face past Mum a dilemma work obl ; late property vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent dilemma=Destination 2 see infinitive Mum not said here my concert vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer concert=Stimulus
Example 6 Our team won the ethics olympiad by explaining the dilemma clearly.
nmod:poss nsubj det compound obj mark advcl det obj advmod punct root Our PRON team NOUN won VERB the DET ethics NOUN olympiad NOUN by SCONJ explaining VERB the DET dilemma NOUN clearly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 team nmod:poss 2 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 won nsubj 3 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 olympiad det 5 ethics ethic NOUN Number=Plur 6 olympiad compound 6 olympiad olympiad NOUN Number=Sing 3 won obj 7 by by SCONJ _ 8 explaining mark 8 explaining explain VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 won advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 dilemma det 10 dilemma dilemma NOUN Number=Sing 8 explaining obj 11 clearly clearly ADV _ 8 explaining advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past Our team the ethics olympiad vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent olympiad=Eventuality 2 explain speech: assert gerund Our team not said here the dilemma clearly property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dilemma=Topic
Example 7 This question placed Iwanich in a dilemma.
det nsubj obj case det obl punct root This DET question NOUN placed VERB Iwanich PROPN in ADP a DET dilemma NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 question det 2 question question NOUN Number=Sing 3 placed nsubj 3 placed place VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 Iwanich Iwanich PROPN Number=Sing 3 placed obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 dilemma case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 dilemma det 7 dilemma dilemma NOUN Number=Sing 3 placed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 placed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 place past this question Iwanich a dilemma vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent iwanich=Theme in dilemma=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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