dingy Who acts: dingy room, white socks, We, shop, They, curtains · What happens: look, fade, have, lock, go, paint · To what, where: one small window, Toad, dingy dungeon, dingy kitchen, dingy, dusty glass
«dingy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dingy in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Dark, dull and dirty-looking; not bright or clean: a dingy room.
The tree, 12 words punct conj cc compound punct conj punct advmod conj cc conj punct det amod conj punct root Dark ADJ , PUNCT dull ADJ and CCONJ dirty ADJ - PUNCT looking VERB ; PUNCT not PART bright ADJ or CCONJ clean ADJ : PUNCT a DET dingy ADJ room NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 dull punct 3 dull dull ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Dark conj 4 and and CCONJ _ 7 looking cc 5 dirty dirty ADJ Degree=Pos 7 looking compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 dirty punct 7 looking look VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 dull conj 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 10 bright punct 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 bright advmod 10 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Dark conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 clean cc 12 clean clean ADJ Degree=Pos 10 bright conj 13 : : PUNCT _ 16 room punct 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 room det 15 dingy dingy ADJ Degree=Pos 16 room amod 16 room room NOUN Number=Sing 1 Dark conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 1 Dark punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look gerund vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Of colours: faded and dull, not fresh.
case obl punct cc conj punct advmod conj punct root Of ADP colours NOUN : PUNCT faded VERB and CCONJ dull ADJ , PUNCT not PART fresh ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Of of ADP _ 2 colours case 2 colours colour NOUN Number=Plur 4 faded obl 3 : : PUNCT _ 4 faded punct 4 faded fade VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 dull cc 6 dull dull ADJ Degree=Pos 4 faded conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 fresh punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 fresh advmod 9 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 4 faded conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 faded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fade participle of colours vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 1 The dingy room had one small window.
det amod nsubj nummod amod obj punct root The DET dingy ADJ room NOUN had VERB one NUM small ADJ window NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 room det 2 dingy dingy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 room amod 3 room room NOUN Number=Sing 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 window nummod 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 window amod 7 window window NOUN Number=Sing 4 had obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the dingy room one small window vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent window=Patient
Example 2 Toad was locked in a dingy dungeon.
nsubj aux:pass case det amod obl punct root Toad PROPN was AUX locked VERB in ADP a DET dingy ADJ dungeon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Toad Toad PROPN Number=Sing 3 locked nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 locked aux:pass 3 locked lock VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 in in ADP _ 7 dungeon case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 dungeon det 6 dingy dingy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 dungeon amod 7 dungeon dungeon NOUN Number=Sing 3 locked obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 locked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lock past · passive Toad a dingy dungeon vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 3 Her white socks had gone dingy and grey.
nmod:poss amod nsubj aux xcomp cc conj punct root Her PRON white ADJ socks NOUN had AUX gone VERB dingy ADJ and CCONJ grey ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 socks nmod:poss 2 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 3 socks amod 3 socks sock NOUN Number=Plur 5 gone nsubj 4 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 gone aux 5 gone go VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 6 dingy dingy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 gone xcomp 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 grey cc 8 grey grey ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dingy conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 gone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past · perfect Her white socks dingy property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 We painted the dingy kitchen bright yellow.
nsubj det amod obj amod conj punct root We PRON painted VERB the DET dingy ADJ kitchen NOUN bright ADJ yellow ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 painted nsubj 2 painted paint VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 kitchen det 4 dingy dingy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 kitchen amod 5 kitchen kitchen NOUN Number=Sing 2 painted obj 6 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 7 yellow amod 7 yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 2 painted conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 painted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 paint past We the dingy kitchen vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent kitchen=Destination
Example 5 The shop was dingy but full of treasures.
det nsubj cop cc conj case obl punct root The DET shop NOUN was AUX dingy ADJ but CCONJ full ADJ of ADP treasures NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shop det 2 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 4 dingy nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 dingy cop 4 dingy dingy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 but but CCONJ _ 6 full cc 6 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 4 dingy conj 7 of of ADP _ 8 treasures case 8 treasures treasure NOUN Number=Plur 6 full obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 dingy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the shop dingy property tree rules 2 be the shop not said here of treasures tree rules
Example 6 They walked down a dingy back street.
nsubj compound:prt det obj advmod obl punct root They PRON walked VERB down ADP a DET dingy NOUN back ADV street NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 walked nsubj 2 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 down down ADP _ 2 walked compound:prt 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 dingy det 5 dingy dingy NOUN Number=Sing 2 walked obj 6 back back ADV _ 2 walked advmod 7 street street NOUN Number=Sing 2 walked obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 walked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk down past They a dingy street obl vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme dingy=Trajectory
Example 7 The curtains looked dingy and old.
det nsubj obj cc conj punct root The DET curtains NOUN looked VERB dingy NOUN and CCONJ old ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 curtains det 2 curtains curtain NOUN Number=Plur 3 looked nsubj 3 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 dingy dingy NOUN Number=Sing 3 looked obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 old cc 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 dingy conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past the curtains dingy vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme dingy=Attribute
Example 8 A dingy light came through the dusty glass.
det amod nsubj case det amod obl punct root A DET dingy ADJ light NOUN came VERB through ADP the DET dusty ADJ glass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 light det 2 dingy dingy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 light amod 3 light light NOUN Number=Sing 4 came nsubj 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 through through ADP _ 8 glass case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 glass det 7 dusty dusty ADJ Degree=Pos 8 glass amod 8 glass glass NOUN Number=Sing 4 came obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past a dingy light the dusty glass vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through glass=Initial_Location
Example 9 Instead of dingy velveteen he had brown fur, soft and shiny, his ears twitched by themselves, and his whiskers were so long that they brushed the grass.
The tree, 27 words case fixed amod obl nsubj amod obj punct amod cc conj punct nmod:poss conj acl case obl punct cc nmod:poss nsubj cop advmod advmod mark nsubj advcl det obj punct root Instead ADV of ADP dingy ADJ velveteen NOUN he PRON had VERB brown ADJ fur NOUN , PUNCT soft ADJ and CCONJ shiny ADJ , PUNCT his PRON ears NOUN twitched VERB by ADP themselves PRON , PUNCT and CCONJ his PRON whiskers NOUN were AUX so ADV long ADJ that SCONJ they PRON brushed VERB the DET grass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Instead instead ADV ExtPos=ADP 4 velveteen case 2 of of ADP _ 1 Instead fixed 3 dingy dingy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 velveteen amod 4 velveteen velveteen NOUN Number=Sing 6 had obl 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 had nsubj 6 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fur amod 8 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 6 had obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 soft punct 10 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fur amod 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 shiny cc 12 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 10 soft conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 ears punct 14 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 ears nmod:poss 15 ears ear NOUN Number=Plur 8 fur conj 16 twitched twitch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 ears acl 17 by by ADP _ 18 themselves case 18 themselves themselves PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 16 twitched obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 25 long punct 20 and and CCONJ _ 25 long cc 21 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 22 whiskers nmod:poss 22 whiskers whisker NOUN Number=Plur 25 long nsubj 23 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 25 long cop 24 so so ADV _ 25 long advmod 25 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 6 had advmod 26 that that SCONJ _ 28 brushed mark 27 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 28 brushed nsubj 28 brushed brush VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 25 long advcl 29 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 30 grass det 30 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 28 brushed obj 31 . . PUNCT _ 6 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past he brown fur and his ears instead dingy velveteen vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fur=Patient 2 twitch participle his ears not said here by ears = ear vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is past his whiskers long property tree rules 4 brush past whiskers = whisker the grass vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent grass=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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