direct Who acts: Direct, direct person, they, you, his, We · What happens: mean, go, stop, turn, say, direct · To what, where: one place, someone, them, film, charge, something · Speech: someone speaks here
«direct» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: direct in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Direct means going straight from one place to another without stopping or turning.
nsubj xcomp advmod case nummod obl case nmod mark advcl cc conj punct root Direct ADJ means VERB going VERB straight ADV from ADP one NUM place NOUN to ADP another DET without SCONJ stopping VERB or CCONJ turning VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 straight straight ADV _ 7 place advmod 5 from from ADP _ 7 place case 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 place nummod 7 place place NOUN Number=Sing 3 going obl 8 to to ADP _ 9 another case 9 another another DET PronType=Ind 7 place nmod 10 without without SCONJ _ 11 stopping mark 11 stopping stop VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 going advcl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 turning cc 13 turning turn VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 stopping conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Direct vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 go not said to happen gerund Direct not said here one place to another vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from place=Initial_Location 3 stop gerund Direct not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 4 turn gerund Direct not said here vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a direct flight".
punct det amod punct punct root " PUNCT a DET direct ADJ flight NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 flight punct 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 flight det 3 direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos 4 flight amod 4 flight flight NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 flight punct 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 flight punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 Direct means with nothing or nobody in between.
nsubj case obl cc conj acl fixed punct root Direct ADJ means VERB with ADP nothing PRON or CCONJ nobody PRON in ADP between ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 nothing case 4 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 2 means obl 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 nobody cc 6 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 4 nothing conj 7 in in ADP _ 4 nothing acl 8 between between ADP _ 7 in fixed 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Direct with nothing vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"direct sunlight", "direct contact".
punct amod punct punct punct amod conj punct punct root " PUNCT direct ADJ sunlight NOUN " PUNCT , PUNCT " PUNCT direct ADJ contact NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 sunlight punct 2 direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sunlight amod 3 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 sunlight punct 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 contact punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 8 contact punct 7 direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos 8 contact amod 8 contact contact NOUN Number=Sing 3 sunlight conj 9 " " PUNCT _ 8 contact punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 sunlight punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 A direct person says exactly what they mean, plainly.
det amod nsubj advmod obj nsubj ccomp punct advmod punct root A DET direct ADJ person NOUN says VERB exactly ADV what PRON they PRON mean VERB , PUNCT plainly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 person det 2 direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos 3 person amod 3 person person NOUN Number=Sing 4 says nsubj 4 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 exactly exactly ADV _ 6 what advmod 6 what what PRON PronType=Int 8 mean obj 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 mean nsubj 8 mean mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 says ccomp 9 , , PUNCT _ 8 mean punct 10 plainly plainly ADV _ 8 mean advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present a direct person vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 mean present they plainly property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic
Meaning 4 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To direct someone means to tell or show them the way.
mark csubj obj mark xcomp cc conj obj det obj punct root To PART direct VERB someone PRON means VERB to PART tell VERB or CCONJ show VERB them PRON the DET way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 direct mark 2 direct direct VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 direct obj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 tell mark 6 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 show cc 8 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 tell conj 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 show obj 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 way det 11 way way NOUN Number=Sing 8 show obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct to-infinitive someone vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent someone=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 tell speech: assert not said to happen to-infinitive vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 show infinitive them = they vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient way=Topic
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"can you direct me to the station?"
punct aux nsubj obj case det obl punct punct root " PUNCT can AUX you PRON direct VERB me PRON to ADP the DET station NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 direct punct 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 direct aux 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 direct nsubj 4 direct direct VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 direct obj 6 to to ADP _ 8 station case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 station det 8 station station NOUN Number=Sing 4 direct obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 direct punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 4 direct punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct in a quote can you me to the station vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Theme
Meaning 5 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To direct means to manage or control, and to direct a film or play means to be in charge of the actors.
The tree, 22 words mark csubj mark xcomp cc conj punct cc mark csubj det obj cc conj parataxis mark cop case ccomp case det nmod punct root To PART direct VERB means VERB to PART manage VERB or CCONJ control VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ to PART direct VERB a DET film NOUN or CCONJ play NOUN means VERB to PART be AUX in ADP charge NOUN of ADP the DET actors NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 direct mark 2 direct direct VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 manage mark 5 manage manage VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 control cc 7 control control VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 manage conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 16 means punct 9 and and CCONJ _ 16 means cc 10 to to PART _ 11 direct mark 11 direct direct VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 means csubj 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 film det 13 film film NOUN Number=Sing 11 direct obj 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 play cc 15 play play NOUN Number=Sing 13 film conj 16 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 means parataxis 17 to to PART _ 20 charge mark 18 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 20 charge cop 19 in in ADP _ 20 charge case 20 charge charge NOUN Number=Sing 16 means ccomp 21 of of ADP _ 23 actors case 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 actors det 23 actors actor NOUN Number=Plur 20 charge nmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct to-infinitive vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 manage not said to happen to-infinitive vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 control infinitive vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 5 direct to-infinitive a film or play vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent film=Eventuality 6 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 7 is not said to happen to-infinitive charge of the actors tree rules
Meaning 6 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To direct something at someone means to aim it at them.
mark csubj obj case obl mark ccomp obj case obl punct root To PART direct VERB something PRON at ADP someone PRON means VERB to PART aim VERB it PRON at ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 direct mark 2 direct direct VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 direct obj 4 at at ADP _ 5 someone case 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 direct obl 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 aim mark 8 aim aim VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means ccomp 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 aim obj 10 at at ADP _ 11 them case 11 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 aim obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct to-infinitive something someone vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: agent=Agent something=Theme at someone=Eventuality 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 aim not said to happen to-infinitive it at them = they vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"his question was directed at me".
punct nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct punct root " PUNCT his PRON question NOUN was AUX directed VERB at ADP me PRON " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 directed punct 2 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 question nmod:poss 3 question question NOUN Number=Sing 5 directed nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 directed aux:pass 5 directed direct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 at at ADP _ 7 me case 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 directed obl 8 " " PUNCT _ 5 directed punct 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 directed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct in a quote past · passive his question at me vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: subject=Theme at i=Eventuality 2 question in a quote his = he nom question «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 We took a direct train to London.
nsubj det amod obj case nmod punct root We PRON took VERB a DET direct ADJ train NOUN to ADP London PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 train det 4 direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos 5 train amod 5 train train NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 6 to to ADP _ 7 London case 7 London London PROPN Number=Sing 5 train nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past We a direct train London vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent train=Theme to london=Destination
Example 2 Never look directly at the sun.
advmod advmod case det obl root Never ADV look VERB directly ADV at ADP the DET sun. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 look advmod 2 look look VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 directly directly ADV _ 2 look advmod 4 at at ADP _ 6 sun. case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sun. det 6 sun. sun. NOUN Number=Sing 2 look obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not look imperative you not said here at the sun.; directly property vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at sun.=Theme
Example 3 Keep the plant out of direct sunlight.
det obj case case amod obl punct root Keep VERB the DET plant NOUN out ADP of ADP direct ADJ sunlight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 plant det 3 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obj 4 out out ADP _ 7 sunlight case 5 of of ADP _ 7 sunlight case 6 direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sunlight amod 7 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here the plant direct sunlight vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent plant=Theme out sunlight=Location
Example 4 "Please be direct: did you take it?"
punct discourse cop punct aux nsubj parataxis obj punct punct root " PUNCT Please INTJ be AUX direct ADJ : PUNCT did AUX you PRON take VERB it PRON ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 direct punct 2 Please please INTJ _ 4 direct discourse 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 direct cop 4 direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 : : PUNCT _ 8 take punct 6 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 take aux 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 take nsubj 8 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 direct parataxis 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 take obj 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 direct punct 11 " " PUNCT _ 4 direct punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote imperative you not said here direct property tree rules 2 take in a quote past · do-support you it vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Example 5 Could you direct me to the library?
aux nsubj obj case det obl punct root Could AUX you PRON direct VERB me PRON to ADP the DET library NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 direct aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 direct nsubj 3 direct direct VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 direct obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 library case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 library det 7 library library NOUN Number=Sing 3 direct obl 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 direct punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct could you me to the library vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Theme
Example 6 She directed the school play.
nsubj det compound obj punct root She PRON directed VERB the DET school NOUN play NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 directed nsubj 2 directed direct VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 play det 4 school school NOUN Number=Sing 5 play compound 5 play play NOUN Number=Sing 2 directed obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 directed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct past She the school play vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent play=Eventuality
Example 7 The police officer directed the traffic.
det compound nsubj det obj punct root The DET police NOUN officer NOUN directed VERB the DET traffic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 officer det 2 police police NOUN Number=Sing 3 officer compound 3 officer officer NOUN Number=Sing 4 directed nsubj 4 directed direct VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 traffic det 6 traffic traffic NOUN Number=Sing 4 directed obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 directed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct past the police officer the traffic vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent traffic=Eventuality
Example 8 "I like cake," said Tom — that is direct speech.
punct nsubj ccomp obj punct punct nsubj punct nsubj cop amod conj punct root " PUNCT I PRON like VERB cake NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB Tom PROPN — PUNCT that PRON is AUX direct ADJ speech NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 like punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 like nsubj 3 like like VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 said ccomp 4 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 3 like obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 3 like punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 3 like punct 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 7 said nsubj 9 — - PUNCT _ 13 speech punct 10 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 13 speech nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 speech cop 12 direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos 13 speech amod 13 speech speech NOUN Number=Sing 7 said conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 like in a quote present Tom cake vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cake=Theme 2 say speech: assert past Tom vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 is a present that direct speech tree rules
Example 9 I will direct you if you have a mind to see it."
nsubj aux obj mark nsubj advcl det obj mark acl obj punct punct root I PRON will AUX direct VERB you PRON if SCONJ you PRON have VERB a DET mind NOUN to PART see VERB it PRON . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 direct nsubj 2 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 direct aux 3 direct direct VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 direct obj 5 if if SCONJ _ 7 have mark 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 have nsubj 7 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 direct advcl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mind det 9 mind mind NOUN Number=Sing 7 have obj 10 to to PART _ 11 see mark 11 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 mind acl 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 see obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 direct punct 14 " " PUNCT _ 3 direct punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct future I you vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent you=Theme 2 have a condition, not said to happen present you a mind vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mind=Patient 3 see to-infinitive you not said here mind vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous direnext → directed↑ back to D in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/direct/