directed Who acts: charge, directed number, number, directed route, you, police officer · What happens: direct, be, tell, do, point, aim · To what, where: Directed past, way, someone, people, question, charge · Speech: someone speaks here
«directed» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: directed in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Directed is the past of direct: told someone the way, or told people what to do.
The tree, 16 words amod cop det nsubj case punct parataxis iobj det obj punct cc conj iobj obj mark acl:relcl punct root Directed VERB is AUX the DET past NOUN of ADP direct ADJ : PUNCT told VERB someone PRON the DET way NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ told VERB people NOUN what PRON to PART do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Directed direct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 past amod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 past cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 past det 4 past past NOUN Number=Sing 6 direct nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 6 direct case 6 direct direct ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 : : PUNCT _ 8 told punct 8 told tell VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 direct parataxis 9 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 told iobj 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 way det 11 way way NOUN Number=Sing 8 told obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 told punct 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 told cc 14 told tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 told conj 15 people people NOUN Number=Plur 14 told iobj 16 what what PRON PronType=Int 18 do obj 17 to to PART _ 18 do mark 18 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 people acl:relcl 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 direct punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct participle vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present the Directed past tree rules 3 tell speech: assert past the way someone vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient way=Topic 4 tell speech: assert past people vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient 5 do to-infinitive people vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Pointed or aimed at someone or something: «the question was directed at me».
The tree, 13 words cc conj case obl cc conj punct punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl case obl punct punct root Pointed VERB or CCONJ aimed VERB at ADP someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET question NOUN was AUX directed VERB at ADP me PRON » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pointed point VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 or or CCONJ _ 3 aimed cc 3 aimed aim VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Pointed conj 4 at at ADP _ 5 someone case 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 aimed obl 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 something cc 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 someone conj 8 : : PUNCT _ 13 directed punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 13 directed punct 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 question det 11 question question NOUN Number=Sing 13 directed nsubj:pass 12 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 directed aux:pass 13 directed direct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 something acl:relcl 14 at at ADP _ 15 me case 15 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 13 directed obl 16 » » PUNCT _ 13 directed punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 1 Pointed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 point participle vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 aim participle someone vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 3 direct in a quote past · passive the question at me vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: subject=Theme at i=Eventuality
Meaning 3 Was in charge of making a film, play or show.
cop case mark acl det obj punct conj cc conj punct root Was AUX in ADP charge NOUN of SCONJ making VERB a DET film NOUN , PUNCT play NOUN or CCONJ show NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 charge cop 2 in in ADP _ 3 charge case 3 charge charge NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of SCONJ _ 5 making mark 5 making make VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 charge acl 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 film det 7 film film NOUN Number=Sing 5 making obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 play punct 9 play play NOUN Number=Sing 7 film conj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 show cc 11 show show NOUN Number=Sing 7 film conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 charge punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past charge tree rules 2 make gerund charge not said here a film and play or show vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset film=Product
Meaning 4 Usage: maths, science — kept apart, not parsed.
A directed number has a sign, + or −, showing which way it goes.
The tree, 14 words det amod nsubj det obj punct compound cc conj punct conj det obj nsubj acl:relcl punct root A DET directed VERB number NOUN has VERB a DET sign NOUN , PUNCT + SYM or CCONJ − PROPN , PUNCT showing VERB which DET way NOUN it PRON goes VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 number det 2 directed direct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 number amod 3 number number NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sign det 6 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 4 has obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 + punct 8 + + SYM _ 6 sign compound 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 − cc 10 − − PROPN Number=Sing 6 sign conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 showing punct 12 showing show VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 has conj 13 which which DET PronType=Int 14 way det 14 way way NOUN Number=Sing 12 showing obj 15 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 goes nsubj 16 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 way acl:relcl 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct participle vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 have present a directed number a sign or − vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Patient 3 show gerund a directed number not said here which way vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent way=Recipient 4 go present number which way not said here vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme
Meaning 5 A directed route is one you have been told to follow, or a path you have chosen to walk, towards a place.
The tree, 22 words det amod nsubj cop nsubj:pass aux aux:pass acl:relcl mark xcomp punct cc det obj nsubj aux acl:relcl mark xcomp punct case det conj punct root A DET directed VERB route NOUN is AUX one NUM you PRON have AUX been AUX told VERB to PART follow VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ a DET path NOUN you PRON have AUX chosen VERB to PART walk VERB , PUNCT towards ADP a DET place NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 route det 2 directed direct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 route amod 3 route route NOUN Number=Sing 5 one nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 one cop 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 told nsubj:pass 7 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 told aux 8 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 9 told aux:pass 9 told tell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 one acl:relcl 10 to to PART _ 11 follow mark 11 follow follow VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 told xcomp 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 path punct 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 path cc 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 path det 15 path path NOUN Number=Sing 11 follow obj 16 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 18 chosen nsubj 17 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 chosen aux 18 chosen choose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 15 path acl:relcl 19 to to PART _ 20 walk mark 20 walk walk VERB VerbForm=Inf 18 chosen xcomp 21 , , PUNCT _ 24 place punct 22 towards towards ADP _ 24 place case 23 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 24 place det 24 place place NOUN Number=Sing 20 walk conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 5 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct participle vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a directed route one tree rules 3 tell speech: assert present · perfect · passive you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic 4 follow not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here a path vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent path=Theme 5 choose present · perfect you a path not said here tree rules 6 walk to-infinitive you not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The police officer directed the cars around the crash.
det compound nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET police NOUN officer NOUN directed VERB the DET cars NOUN around ADP the DET crash NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 officer det 2 police police NOUN Number=Sing 3 officer compound 3 officer officer NOUN Number=Sing 4 directed nsubj 4 directed direct VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cars det 6 cars car NOUN Number=Plur 4 directed obj 7 around around ADP _ 9 crash case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 crash det 9 crash crash NOUN Number=Sing 4 directed obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 directed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct past the police officer the cars the crash vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: agent=Agent car=Theme around crash=Eventuality
Example 2 The film was directed by a famous director.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det amod obl punct root The DET film NOUN was AUX directed VERB by ADP a DET famous ADJ director NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 film det 2 film film NOUN Number=Sing 4 directed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 directed aux:pass 4 directed direct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 8 director case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 director det 7 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 8 director amod 8 director director NOUN Number=Sing 4 directed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 directed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct past · passive a famous director the film vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality
Example 3 Take this medicine as directed by your doctor.
det obj mark advcl case nmod:poss obl punct root Take VERB this DET medicine NOUN as SCONJ directed VERB by ADP your PRON doctor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 medicine det 3 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 1 Take obj 4 as as SCONJ _ 5 directed mark 5 directed direct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Take advcl 6 by by ADP _ 8 doctor case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 doctor nmod:poss 8 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 5 directed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take imperative you not said here this medicine vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme 2 direct participle you not said here by your doctor vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: agent=Agent by doctor=Eventuality
Example 4 Her angry look was directed at her brother.
nmod:poss amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case nmod:poss obl:agent punct root Her PRON angry ADJ look NOUN was AUX directed VERB at ADP her PRON brother NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 look nmod:poss 2 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos 3 look amod 3 look look NOUN Number=Sing 5 directed nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 directed aux:pass 5 directed direct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 at at ADP _ 8 brother case 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 brother nmod:poss 8 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 5 directed obl:agent 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 directed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct past · passive her brother Her angry look vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality
Example 5 A kind lady directed us to the station.
det amod nsubj obj case det obl punct root A DET kind ADJ lady NOUN directed VERB us PRON to ADP the DET station NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 lady det 2 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 3 lady amod 3 lady lady NOUN Number=Sing 4 directed nsubj 4 directed direct VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 directed obj 6 to to ADP _ 8 station case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 station det 8 station station NOUN Number=Sing 4 directed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 directed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct past a kind lady us to the station vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent we=Theme
Example 6 In maths, −5 and +3 are directed numbers.
case obl punct case nmod cc cc conj aux:pass obj punct root In ADP maths NOUN , PUNCT − SYM 5 NUM and CCONJ + SYM 3 NUM are AUX directed VERB numbers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 maths case 2 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 10 directed obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 maths punct 4 − − SYM _ 5 5 case 5 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 maths nmod 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 3 cc 7 + + SYM _ 8 3 cc 8 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 5 conj 9 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 directed aux:pass 10 directed direct VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 10 directed obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 10 directed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct present · passive numbers maths − 5 vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: number=Theme in math=Eventuality
Example 7 The teacher directed the class to line up.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl compound:prt punct root The DET teacher NOUN directed VERB the DET class NOUN to PART line VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 directed nsubj 3 directed direct VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 class det 5 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 directed obj 6 to to PART _ 7 line mark 7 line line VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 directed advcl 8 up up ADP _ 7 line compound:prt 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 directed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 direct past the teacher the class vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent class=Eventuality 2 line up to-infinitive the teacher not said here vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
Example 8 At daylight we wandered inland, and soon saw some huts, to which we directed our steps.
The tree, 16 words case obl nsubj advmod punct cc advmod parataxis det obj punct case obl nsubj conj nmod:poss obj punct root At ADP daylight NOUN we PRON wandered VERB inland ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ soon ADV saw VERB some DET huts NOUN , PUNCT to ADP which PRON we PRON directed VERB our PRON steps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 2 daylight case 2 daylight daylight NOUN Number=Sing 4 wandered obl 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 wandered nsubj 4 wandered wander VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 inland inland ADV _ 4 wandered advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 saw punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 saw cc 8 soon soon ADV Degree=Pos 9 saw advmod 9 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 wandered parataxis 10 some some DET PronType=Ind 11 huts det 11 huts hut NOUN Number=Plur 9 saw obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 directed punct 13 to to ADP _ 14 which case 14 which which PRON PronType=Rel 16 directed obl 15 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 16 directed nsubj 16 directed direct VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 saw conj 17 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 steps nmod:poss 18 steps step NOUN Number=Plur 16 directed obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 4 wandered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wander past we daylight inland property vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at daylight=Trajectory 2 see past some huts soon property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hut=Stimulus 3 direct past we our steps vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent step=Eventuality 4 step our nom step «act transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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