disbelief Who acts: feeling, something, She, her, He, crowd · What happens: not believe, be, lack, stare, score, shake · To what, where: belief, head, disbelief, fantasy books, Jesus · Speech: someone speaks here
«disbelief» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: disbelief in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The feeling of not believing that something is true or real, often because it is surprising or shocking.
The tree, 18 words det mark advmod acl mark nsubj cop ccomp cc conj punct advmod mark expl cop conj cc conj punct root The DET feeling NOUN of SCONJ not PART believing VERB that SCONJ something PRON is AUX true ADJ or CCONJ real ADJ , PUNCT often ADV because SCONJ it PRON is AUX surprising ADJ or CCONJ shocking ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 feeling det 2 feeling feeling NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of SCONJ _ 5 believing mark 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 believing advmod 5 believing believe VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 feeling acl 6 that that SCONJ _ 9 true mark 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 true nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 true cop 9 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 5 believing ccomp 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 real cc 11 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 9 true conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 17 surprising punct 13 often often ADV _ 17 surprising advmod 14 because because SCONJ _ 17 surprising mark 15 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 surprising expl 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 surprising cop 17 surprising surprising ADJ Degree=Pos 9 true conj 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 shocking cc 19 shocking shocking ADJ Degree=Pos 17 surprising conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 feeling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not believe gerund the feeling not said here vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer 2 is present something true property tree rules 3 be something not said here tree rules 4 is present something not said here often, surprising property tree rules 5 be something not said here tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Lack of belief, for example in God.
case nmod punct case obl case nmod punct root Lack NOUN of ADP belief NOUN , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN in ADP God PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lack lack NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 of of ADP _ 3 belief case 3 belief belief NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lack nmod 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 example punct 5 for for ADP _ 6 example case 6 example example NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lack obl 7 in in ADP _ 8 God case 8 God God PROPN Number=Sing 6 example nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Lack punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack belief nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 She stared in disbelief at her test score.
nsubj case obl case nmod:poss compound obl punct root She PRON stared VERB in ADP disbelief NOUN at ADP her PRON test NOUN score NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 stared nsubj 2 stared stare VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 disbelief case 4 disbelief disbelief NOUN Number=Sing 2 stared obl 5 at at ADP _ 8 score case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 score nmod:poss 7 test test NOUN Number=Sing 8 score compound 8 score score NOUN Number=Sing 2 stared obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 stared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stare past She at her test score; in disbelief vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in disbelief=Theme 2 score her = she nom score «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 2 He shook his head in disbelief.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case obl punct root He PRON shook VERB his PRON head NOUN in ADP disbelief NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 shook nsubj 2 shook shake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 head nmod:poss 4 head head NOUN Number=Sing 2 shook obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 disbelief case 6 disbelief disbelief NOUN Number=Sing 2 shook obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 shook punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shake past He his head disbelief vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent head=Theme in disbelief=Trajectory
Example 3 The crowd gasped in disbelief.
det nsubj case obl punct root The DET crowd NOUN gasped VERB in ADP disbelief NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 crowd det 2 crowd crowd NOUN Number=Sing 3 gasped nsubj 3 gasped gasp VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 disbelief case 5 disbelief disbelief NOUN Number=Sing 3 gasped obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 gasped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gasp past the crowd in disbelief vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in disbelief=Theme
Example 4 To enjoy fantasy books, you suspend disbelief.
mark advcl compound obj punct nsubj obj punct root To PART enjoy VERB fantasy NOUN books NOUN , PUNCT you PRON suspend VERB disbelief NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 enjoy mark 2 enjoy enjoy VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 suspend advcl 3 fantasy fantasy NOUN Number=Sing 4 books compound 4 books book NOUN Number=Plur 2 enjoy obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 enjoy punct 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 suspend nsubj 7 suspend suspend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 disbelief disbelief NOUN Number=Sing 7 suspend obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 suspend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 enjoy to-infinitive you not said here fantasy books vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer book=Stimulus 2 suspend present you disbelief vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disbelief=Theme
Example 5 There was disbelief when the old tree fell.
expl nsubj advmod det amod nsubj advcl punct root There PRON was VERB disbelief NOUN when ADV the DET old ADJ tree NOUN fell VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 disbelief disbelief NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 fell advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 tree det 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 7 tree amod 7 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 8 fell nsubj 8 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 was advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past disbelief there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 fall past the old tree vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Thomas showed disbelief until he saw Jesus, the Bible says.
nsubj obj mark nsubj ccomp obj punct det nsubj acl:relcl punct root Thomas PROPN showed VERB disbelief NOUN until SCONJ he PRON saw VERB Jesus PROPN , PUNCT the DET Bible PROPN says VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thomas Thomas PROPN Number=Sing 2 showed nsubj 2 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 disbelief disbelief NOUN Number=Sing 2 showed obj 4 until until SCONJ _ 6 saw mark 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 saw nsubj 6 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 showed ccomp 7 Jesus Jesus PROPN Number=Sing 6 saw obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 says punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Bible det 10 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 11 says nsubj 11 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 Jesus acl:relcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 showed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show past Thomas disbelief vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent disbelief=Recipient clause=Topic 2 see past Thomas Jesus vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer jesus=Stimulus 3 say speech: assert present the Bible Jesus not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent jesus=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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