discouragement Who acts: feeling, you, Something, people, Fines, act · What happens: have, lose, not want, try, make, do · To what, where: lost confidence, people, something, discouragement, litter, someone · Speech: someone speaks here
«discouragement» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: discouragement in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A feeling of having lost confidence or hope, so you do not want to try any more.
The tree, 17 words det mark acl amod obj cc conj punct advmod nsubj aux advmod parataxis mark xcomp advmod advmod punct root A DET feeling NOUN of SCONJ having VERB lost VERB confidence NOUN or CCONJ hope NOUN , PUNCT so ADV you PRON do AUX not PART want VERB to PART try VERB any ADV more ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 feeling det 2 feeling feeling NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of SCONJ _ 4 having mark 4 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 feeling acl 5 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 confidence amod 6 confidence confidence NOUN Number=Sing 4 having obj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 hope cc 8 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 6 confidence conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 want punct 10 so so ADV _ 14 want advmod 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 14 want nsubj 12 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 want aux 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 want advmod 14 want want VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 feeling parataxis 15 to to PART _ 16 try mark 16 try try VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 want xcomp 17 any any ADV _ 18 more advmod 18 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 16 try advmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 feeling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have gerund a feeling not said here lost confidence or hope vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent confidence=Patient 2 lose participle vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 not want present · do-support you vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 4 try not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Something that makes people less likely to do something: «Fines are a discouragement to dropping litter».
The tree, 16 words nsubj nsubj obj advmod xcomp mark xcomp obj punct punct nsubj cop det parataxis mark acl obj punct punct root Something PRON that PRON makes VERB people NOUN less ADV likely ADJ to PART do VERB something PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT Fines PROPN are AUX a DET discouragement NOUN to SCONJ dropping VERB litter NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 makes nsubj 2 that that PRON PronType=Rel 3 makes nsubj 3 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 makes obj 5 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 6 likely advmod 6 likely likely ADJ Degree=Pos 3 makes xcomp 7 to to PART _ 8 do mark 8 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 likely xcomp 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 do obj 10 : : PUNCT _ 15 discouragement punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 15 discouragement punct 12 Fines Fine PROPN Number=Plur 15 discouragement nsubj 13 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 discouragement cop 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 discouragement det 15 discouragement discouragement NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes parataxis 16 to to SCONJ _ 17 dropping mark 17 dropping drop VERB VerbForm=Ger 15 discouragement acl 18 litter litter NOUN Number=Sing 17 dropping obj 19 » » PUNCT _ 15 discouragement punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 3 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Something people likely property tree rules 2 do to-infinitive people not said here something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 3 is a in a quote present Fines a discouragement tree rules 4 drop in a quote gerund Something not said here litter vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litter=Theme
Meaning 3 The act of trying to stop someone from doing something.
det mark acl mark xcomp obj mark acl obj punct root The DET act NOUN of SCONJ trying VERB to PART stop VERB someone PRON from SCONJ doing VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 act det 2 act act NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of SCONJ _ 4 trying mark 4 trying try VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 act acl 5 to to PART _ 6 stop mark 6 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 trying xcomp 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 stop obj 8 from from SCONJ _ 9 doing mark 9 doing do VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 someone acl 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 doing obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 try gerund the act not said here vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 stop not said to happen to-infinitive the act not said here someone vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality someone=Eventuality 3 do gerund something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality
Example 1 Despite discouragement from others, she kept practising.
case obl case nmod punct nsubj xcomp punct root Despite ADP discouragement NOUN from ADP others NOUN , PUNCT she PRON kept VERB practising VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Despite despite ADP _ 2 discouragement case 2 discouragement discouragement NOUN Number=Sing 7 kept obl 3 from from ADP _ 4 others case 4 others other NOUN Number=Plur 2 discouragement nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 discouragement punct 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 kept nsubj 7 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 practising practise VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 kept xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past she despite discouragement from others tree rules 2 practise gerund she not said here tree rules
Example 2 After losing again, Ben felt deep discouragement.
mark advcl advmod punct nsubj amod obj punct root After SCONJ losing VERB again ADV , PUNCT Ben PROPN felt VERB deep ADJ discouragement NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after SCONJ _ 2 losing mark 2 losing lose VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 felt advcl 3 again again ADV _ 2 losing advmod 4 , , PUNCT _ 2 losing punct 5 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 6 felt nsubj 6 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 8 discouragement amod 8 discouragement discouragement NOUN Number=Sing 6 felt obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose gerund Ben not said here again vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 feel past Ben deep discouragement vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent discouragement=Theme
Example 3 The fence is a discouragement to burglars.
det nsubj cop det case nmod punct root The DET fence NOUN is AUX a DET discouragement NOUN to ADP burglars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 fence det 2 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 5 discouragement nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 discouragement cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 discouragement det 5 discouragement discouragement NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 to to ADP _ 7 burglars case 7 burglars burglar NOUN Number=Plur 5 discouragement nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 discouragement punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the fence a discouragement to burglars tree rules
Example 4 Our coach turned our discouragement into determination.
nmod:poss nsubj nmod:poss obj case obl punct root Our PRON coach NOUN turned VERB our PRON discouragement NOUN into ADP determination NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 coach nmod:poss 2 coach coach NOUN Number=Sing 3 turned nsubj 3 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 discouragement nmod:poss 5 discouragement discouragement NOUN Number=Sing 3 turned obj 6 into into ADP _ 7 determination case 7 determination determination NOUN Number=Sing 3 turned obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past Our coach our discouragement determination vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent discouragement=Theme into determination=Trajectory 2 discourage our nom discouragement «feeling transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 Small setbacks are no reason for discouragement.
amod nsubj cop det case nmod punct root Small ADJ setbacks NOUN are AUX no DET reason NOUN for ADP discouragement NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Small small ADJ Degree=Pos 2 setbacks amod 2 setbacks setback NOUN Number=Plur 5 reason nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 reason cop 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 reason det 5 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for ADP _ 7 discouragement case 7 discouragement discouragement NOUN Number=Sing 5 reason nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 reason punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Small setbacks no reason for discouragement tree rules
Example 6 High prices are a discouragement to buying sweets.
amod nsubj cop det mark acl obj punct root High ADJ prices NOUN are AUX a DET discouragement NOUN to SCONJ buying VERB sweets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 High high ADJ Degree=Pos 2 prices amod 2 prices price NOUN Number=Plur 5 discouragement nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 discouragement cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 discouragement det 5 discouragement discouragement NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 to to SCONJ _ 7 buying mark 7 buying buy VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 discouragement acl 8 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 7 buying obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 discouragement punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present High prices a discouragement tree rules 2 buy gerund sweets vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sweet=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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