dolphin Who acts: dolphin, that, kinds, pod, Dolphins, usual attributes · What happens: be, curve, live, breathe, swim, use · To what, where: clever sea mammal, groups, air, blowhole, rivers, boat · Speech: someone speaks here
«dolphin» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dolphin in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A dolphin is a clever sea mammal with a long snout and a curved fin, that lives in groups and breathes air through a blowhole.
The tree, 25 words det nsubj cop det amod compound case det amod nmod cc det amod conj punct nsubj parataxis case obl cc conj obj case det obl punct root A DET dolphin NOUN is AUX a DET clever ADJ sea NOUN mammal NOUN with ADP a DET long ADJ snout NOUN and CCONJ a DET curved VERB fin NOUN , PUNCT that PRON lives VERB in ADP groups NOUN and CCONJ breathes VERB air NOUN through ADP a DET blowhole NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 dolphin det 2 dolphin dolphin NOUN Number=Sing 7 mammal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 mammal cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 mammal det 5 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos 7 mammal amod 6 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 7 mammal compound 7 mammal mammal NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 11 snout case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 snout det 10 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 11 snout amod 11 snout snout NOUN Number=Sing 7 mammal nmod 12 and and CCONJ _ 15 fin cc 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 fin det 14 curved curve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 fin amod 15 fin fin NOUN Number=Sing 11 snout conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 lives punct 17 that that PRON PronType=Rel 18 lives nsubj 18 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 mammal parataxis 19 in in ADP _ 20 groups case 20 groups group NOUN Number=Plur 18 lives obl 21 and and CCONJ _ 22 breathes cc 22 breathes breathe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 lives conj 23 air air NOUN Number=Sing 22 breathes obj 24 through through ADP _ 26 blowhole case 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 blowhole det 26 blowhole blowhole NOUN Number=Sing 22 breathes obl 27 . . PUNCT _ 7 mammal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a dolphin a clever sea mammal with a long snout and a curved fin tree rules 2 curve participle vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material 3 live present that groups vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in group=Location 4 breathe present that not said here air a blowhole vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Some kinds of dolphin live in rivers.
det nsubj case nmod case obl punct root Some DET kinds NOUN of ADP dolphin NOUN live VERB in ADP rivers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 kinds det 2 kinds kind NOUN Number=Plur 5 live nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 dolphin case 4 dolphin dolphin NOUN Number=Sing 2 kinds nmod 5 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 rivers case 7 rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 5 live obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present some kinds of dolphin rivers vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location
Example 1 A pod of dolphins swam beside our boat.
det nsubj case nmod case nmod:poss obl punct root A DET pod NOUN of ADP dolphins NOUN swam VERB beside ADP our PRON boat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pod det 2 pod pod NOUN Number=Sing 5 swam nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 dolphins case 4 dolphins dolphin NOUN Number=Plur 2 pod nmod 5 swam swim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 beside beside ADP _ 8 boat case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 boat nmod:poss 8 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 5 swam obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 swam punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim past a pod of dolphins our boat vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beside boat=Trajectory
Example 2 Dolphins breathe through a blowhole on their head.
nsubj case det obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root Dolphins NOUN breathe VERB through ADP a DET blowhole NOUN on ADP their PRON head NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dolphins dolphin NOUN Number=Plur 2 breathe nsubj 2 breathe breathe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 through through ADP _ 5 blowhole case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 blowhole det 5 blowhole blowhole NOUN Number=Sing 2 breathe obl 6 on on ADP _ 8 head case 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 head nmod:poss 8 head head NOUN Number=Sing 5 blowhole nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 breathe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 breathe present Dolphins a blowhole on Dolphins's head vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 A dolphin is a mammal, not a fish.
det nsubj cop det punct advmod det nmod punct root A DET dolphin NOUN is AUX a DET mammal NOUN , PUNCT not PART a DET fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 dolphin det 2 dolphin dolphin NOUN Number=Sing 5 mammal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 mammal cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 mammal det 5 mammal mammal NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 fish punct 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 fish advmod 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 fish det 9 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 5 mammal nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 mammal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a dolphin a mammal a fish nmod tree rules
Example 4 Dolphins use echolocation to find fish.
nsubj obj mark advcl obj punct root Dolphins NOUN use VERB echolocation NOUN to PART find VERB fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dolphins dolphin NOUN Number=Plur 2 use nsubj 2 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 echolocation echolocation NOUN Number=Sing 2 use obj 4 to to PART _ 5 find mark 5 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 use advcl 6 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 5 find obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present Dolphins echolocation vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent echolocation=Patient 2 find to-infinitive Dolphins not said here fish vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Topic
Example 5 The dolphins leapt out of the water.
det nsubj case case det obl punct root The DET dolphins NOUN leapt VERB out ADP of ADP the DET water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dolphins det 2 dolphins dolphin NOUN Number=Plur 3 leapt nsubj 3 leapt leapt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 out out ADP _ 7 water case 5 of of ADP _ 7 water case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 water det 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 leapt obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 leapt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leapt out past the dolphins the water tree rules
Example 6 Baby dolphins are called calves.
compound nsubj:pass aux:pass xcomp punct root Baby NOUN dolphins NOUN are AUX called VERB calves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 2 dolphins compound 2 dolphins dolphin NOUN Number=Plur 4 called nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 called aux:pass 4 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 calves calf NOUN Number=Plur 4 called xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive Baby dolphins vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 7 Some dolphins live in rivers.
det nsubj case obl punct root Some DET dolphins NOUN live VERB in ADP rivers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 dolphins det 2 dolphins dolphin NOUN Number=Plur 3 live nsubj 3 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 rivers case 5 rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 3 live obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present some dolphins rivers vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location
Example 8 Dolphins are very playful and clever.
nsubj cop advmod cc conj punct root Dolphins NOUN are AUX very ADV playful ADJ and CCONJ clever ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dolphins dolphin NOUN Number=Plur 4 playful nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 playful cop 3 very very ADV _ 4 playful advmod 4 playful playful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 clever cc 6 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos 4 playful conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 playful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Dolphins playful property tree rules 2 be Dolphins not said here tree rules
Example 9 His usual attributes are the trident, horse, and dolphin.
nmod:poss amod nsubj cop det punct conj punct cc conj punct root His PRON usual ADJ attributes NOUN are AUX the DET trident NOUN , PUNCT horse NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ dolphin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 attributes nmod:poss 2 usual usual ADJ Degree=Pos 3 attributes amod 3 attributes attribute NOUN Number=Plur 6 trident nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 trident cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 trident det 6 trident trident NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 horse punct 8 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 6 trident conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 dolphin punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 dolphin cc 11 dolphin dolphin NOUN Number=Sing 6 trident conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 trident punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present His usual attributes the trident and horse and dolphin tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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