doughnut Who acts: doughnut, I, Dad, ring doughnut, 4 friends, each · What happens: be, fry, shape, fill, have, bring · To what, where: small sweet cake, round ball, ring shape, jam doughnut, fair, box
«doughnut» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: doughnut in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A doughnut is a small sweet cake of fried dough, often shaped like a ring with a hole, or a round ball filled with jam or cream.
The tree, 27 words det nsubj cop det amod amod case amod nmod punct advmod acl case det obl case det nmod punct cc det amod appos acl case obl cc conj punct root A DET doughnut NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ sweet ADJ cake NOUN of ADP fried VERB dough NOUN , PUNCT often ADV shaped VERB like ADP a DET ring NOUN with ADP a DET hole NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ a DET round ADJ ball NOUN filled VERB with ADP jam NOUN or CCONJ cream NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 doughnut det 2 doughnut doughnut NOUN Number=Sing 7 cake nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 cake cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cake det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cake amod 6 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cake amod 7 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 10 dough case 9 fried fry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 dough amod 10 dough dough NOUN Number=Sing 7 cake nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 shaped punct 12 often often ADV _ 13 shaped advmod 13 shaped shape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 cake acl 14 like like ADP _ 16 ring case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 ring det 16 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 13 shaped obl 17 with with ADP _ 19 hole case 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 hole det 19 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing 16 ring nmod 20 , , PUNCT _ 24 ball punct 21 or or CCONJ _ 24 ball cc 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 24 ball det 23 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 24 ball amod 24 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 16 ring appos 25 filled fill VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 24 ball acl 26 with with ADP _ 27 jam case 27 jam jam NOUN Number=Sing 25 filled obl 28 or or CCONJ _ 29 cream cc 29 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 27 jam conj 30 . . PUNCT _ 7 cake punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a doughnut a small sweet cake of fried dough tree rules 2 fry participle vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 shape participle a small sweet cake not said here like a ring with a hole; often property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 4 fill participle a round ball not said here with jam or cream vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with jam=Instrument
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A doughnut is any ring shape like this, such as a ring cushion or a rubber ring.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det compound case nmod punct case fixed det compound conj cc det compound conj punct root A DET doughnut NOUN is AUX any DET ring NOUN shape NOUN like ADP this PRON , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET ring NOUN cushion NOUN or CCONJ a DET rubber NOUN ring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 doughnut det 2 doughnut doughnut NOUN Number=Sing 6 shape nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 shape cop 4 any any DET PronType=Ind 6 shape det 5 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 6 shape compound 6 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 like like ADP _ 8 this case 8 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 shape nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 cushion punct 10 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 14 cushion case 11 as as ADP _ 10 such fixed 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 cushion det 13 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 14 cushion compound 14 cushion cushion NOUN Number=Sing 6 shape conj 15 or or CCONJ _ 18 ring cc 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 ring det 17 rubber rubber NOUN Number=Sing 18 ring compound 18 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 14 cushion conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 shape punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a doughnut any ring shape and a ring cushion or a rubber ring like this tree rules
Example 1 I had a jam doughnut at the fair.
nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root I PRON had VERB a DET jam NOUN doughnut NOUN at ADP the DET fair NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 doughnut det 4 jam jam NOUN Number=Sing 5 doughnut compound 5 doughnut doughnut NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 6 at at ADP _ 8 fair case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 fair det 8 fair fair NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past I a jam doughnut the fair vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doughnut=Patient
Example 2 Dad brought a box of twelve doughnuts to share.
nsubj det obj case nummod nmod mark acl punct root Dad NOUN brought VERB a DET box NOUN of ADP twelve NUM doughnuts NOUN to PART share VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 brought nsubj 2 brought bring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 box det 4 box box NOUN Number=Sing 2 brought obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 doughnuts case 6 twelve twelve NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 doughnuts nummod 7 doughnuts doughnut NOUN Number=Plur 4 box nmod 8 to to PART _ 9 share mark 9 share share VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 box acl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 brought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bring past Dad a box of twelve doughnuts vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent box=Theme 2 share to-infinitive Dad not said here a box of twelve doughnuts not said here tree rules
Example 3 The doughnut was covered in pink icing and sprinkles.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl cc conj punct root The DET doughnut NOUN was AUX covered VERB in ADP pink ADJ icing NOUN and CCONJ sprinkles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doughnut det 2 doughnut doughnut NOUN Number=Sing 4 covered nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 covered aux:pass 4 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 icing case 6 pink pink ADJ Degree=Pos 7 icing amod 7 icing icing NOUN Number=Sing 4 covered obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 sprinkles cc 9 sprinkles sprinkle NOUN Number=Plur 7 icing conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover past · passive the doughnut in pink icing and sprinkles vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in icing=Theme
Example 4 My doughnut got sugar all over my face.
nmod:poss nsubj obj advmod case nmod:poss obl punct root My PRON doughnut NOUN got VERB sugar NOUN all ADV over ADP my PRON face NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 doughnut nmod:poss 2 doughnut doughnut NOUN Number=Sing 3 got nsubj 3 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 3 got obj 5 all all ADV _ 8 face advmod 6 over over ADP _ 8 face case 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 face nmod:poss 8 face face NOUN Number=Sing 3 got obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past My doughnut sugar my face vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sugar=Stimulus
Example 5 A ring doughnut has a hole in the middle.
det compound nsubj det obj case det nmod punct root A DET ring NOUN doughnut NOUN has VERB a DET hole NOUN in ADP the DET middle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 doughnut det 2 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 3 doughnut compound 3 doughnut doughnut NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 hole det 6 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing 4 has obj 7 in in ADP _ 9 middle case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 middle det 9 middle middle NOUN Number=Sing 6 hole nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a ring doughnut a hole the middle vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Patient
Example 6 If 4 friends share 12 doughnuts equally, each gets 3.
mark nummod nsubj advcl nummod obj advmod punct nsubj obj punct root If SCONJ 4 NUM friends NOUN share VERB 12 NUM doughnuts NOUN equally ADV , PUNCT each DET gets VERB 3 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 4 share mark 2 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 friends nummod 3 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 4 share nsubj 4 share share VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 gets advcl 5 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 doughnuts nummod 6 doughnuts doughnut NOUN Number=Plur 4 share obj 7 equally equally ADV _ 4 share advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 4 share punct 9 each each DET PronType=Tot 10 gets nsubj 10 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 gets obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 10 gets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 share a condition, not said to happen present 4 friends 12 doughnuts equally property tree rules 2 get present each 3 vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer 3=Stimulus
Example 7 The car spun round and left a doughnut shape in the snow.
det nsubj acl advmod cc det compound obj case det obl punct root The DET car NOUN spun VERB round ADV and CCONJ left VERB a DET doughnut NOUN shape NOUN in ADP the DET snow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 car det 2 car car NOUN Number=Sing 6 left nsubj 3 spun spin VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 car acl 4 round round ADV _ 3 spun advmod 5 and and CCONJ _ 3 spun cc 6 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 shape det 8 doughnut doughnut NOUN Number=Sing 9 shape compound 9 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 6 left obj 10 in in ADP _ 12 snow case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 snow det 12 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 6 left obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spin round participle the car not said here round property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 leave past the car a doughnut shape the snow vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent shape=Theme in snow=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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