downsizing Who acts: Downsizing, workers, children, Companies, softer word, 50 people · What happens: be, cut, lose, job, move, have · To what, where: jobs, smaller house, fewer things, downsizing, workers, children · Speech: someone speaks here
«downsizing» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: downsizing in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Downsizing is when a company makes itself smaller by cutting jobs; workers lose their jobs.
The tree, 15 words nsubj cop mark det nsubj obj xcomp mark advcl obj punct nsubj parataxis nmod:poss obj punct root Downsizing NOUN is AUX when SCONJ a DET company NOUN makes VERB itself PRON smaller ADJ by SCONJ cutting VERB jobs NOUN ; PUNCT workers NOUN lose VERB their PRON jobs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Downsizing downsizing NOUN Number=Sing 6 makes nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 makes cop 3 when when SCONJ _ 6 makes mark 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 company det 5 company company NOUN Number=Sing 6 makes nsubj 6 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 6 makes obj 8 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 makes xcomp 9 by by SCONJ _ 10 cutting mark 10 cutting cut VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 smaller advcl 11 jobs job NOUN Number=Plur 10 cutting obj 12 ; ; PUNCT _ 14 lose punct 13 workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 14 lose nsubj 14 lose lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 makes parataxis 15 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 jobs nmod:poss 16 jobs job NOUN Number=Plur 14 lose obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Downsizing make, small property tree rules 2 cut gerund Downsizing not said here jobs vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset job=Product 3 lose present workers workers's jobs vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality 4 job workers = worker nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Downsizing is moving to a smaller house or having fewer things, often when children have grown up.
The tree, 17 words nsubj aux case det amod obl cc conj amod obj punct advmod advmod nsubj aux conj compound:prt punct root Downsizing NOUN is AUX moving VERB to ADP a DET smaller ADJ house NOUN or CCONJ having VERB fewer ADJ things NOUN , PUNCT often ADV when ADV children NOUN have AUX grown VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Downsizing downsizing NOUN Number=Sing 3 moving nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 moving aux 3 moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 to to ADP _ 7 house case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 house det 6 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 7 house amod 7 house house NOUN Number=Sing 3 moving obl 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 having cc 9 having have VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 moving conj 10 fewer few ADJ Degree=Cmp 11 things amod 11 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 9 having obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 17 grown punct 13 often often ADV _ 17 grown advmod 14 when when ADV PronType=Int 17 grown advmod 15 children child NOUN Number=Plur 17 grown nsubj 16 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 grown aux 17 grown grow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 3 moving conj 18 up up ADP _ 17 grown compound:prt 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 moving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move present · progressive Downsizing a smaller house vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to house=Trajectory 2 have gerund Downsizing not said here fewer things vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient 3 grow up present · perfect children often property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: euphemism — kept apart, not parsed.
Companies say "downsizing" as a softer word for sacking workers.
nsubj punct obj punct case det amod obl mark acl obj punct root Companies NOUN say VERB " PUNCT downsizing NOUN " PUNCT as ADP a DET softer ADJ word NOUN for SCONJ sacking VERB workers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Companies company NOUN Number=Plur 2 say nsubj 2 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 " " PUNCT _ 4 downsizing punct 4 downsizing downsizing NOUN Number=Sing 2 say obj 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 downsizing punct 6 as as ADP _ 9 word case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 word det 8 softer soft ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 word amod 9 word word NOUN Number=Sing 2 say obl 10 for for SCONJ _ 11 sacking mark 11 sacking sack VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 word acl 12 workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 11 sacking obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Companies downsizing as a softer word vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent downsizing=Topic 2 sack gerund a softer word not said here workers vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worker=Theme
Example 1 The factory's downsizing meant 50 people lost their jobs.
det nmod:poss case nsubj nummod nsubj ccomp nmod:poss obj punct root The DET factory NOUN 's PART downsizing NOUN meant VERB 50 NUM people NOUN lost VERB their PRON jobs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 factory det 2 factory factory NOUN Number=Sing 4 downsizing nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 factory case 4 downsizing downsizing NOUN Number=Sing 5 meant nsubj 5 meant mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 50 50 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 people nummod 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 8 lost nsubj 8 lost lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 meant ccomp 9 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 jobs nmod:poss 10 jobs job NOUN Number=Plur 8 lost obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 meant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean past the factory's downsizing vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 lose past 50 people people's jobs vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality 3 job people nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 2 After the children left home, my grandparents downsized to a bungalow.
case det obl acl advmod punct nmod:poss nsubj case det obl punct root After ADP the DET children NOUN left VERB home ADV , PUNCT my PRON grandparents NOUN downsized VERB to ADP a DET bungalow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 children case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 children det 3 children child NOUN Number=Plur 9 downsized obl 4 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 children acl 5 home home ADV _ 4 left advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 children punct 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 grandparents nmod:poss 8 grandparents grandparent NOUN Number=Plur 9 downsized nsubj 9 downsized downsize VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 to to ADP _ 12 bungalow case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 bungalow det 12 bungalow bungalow NOUN Number=Sing 9 downsized obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 9 downsized punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave participle the children not said here home property vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 downsize past my grandparents after the children to a bungalow tree rules
Example 3 The company called it downsizing, but Dad was let go.
det nsubj obj xcomp punct cc nsubj:pass aux:pass conj xcomp punct root The DET company NOUN called VERB it PRON downsizing VERB , PUNCT but CCONJ Dad NOUN was AUX let VERB go VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 company det 2 company company NOUN Number=Sing 3 called nsubj 3 called call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 called obj 5 downsizing downsize VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 called xcomp 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 let punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 10 let cc 8 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 10 let nsubj:pass 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 let aux:pass 10 let let VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 called conj 11 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 let xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call past the company it tree rules 2 downsize gerund the company not said here tree rules 3 let past · passive Dad tree rules 4 go infinitive Dad not said here vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 Downsizing a team can make the others work harder.
csubj det obj aux det nsubj ccomp advmod punct root Downsizing VERB a DET team NOUN can AUX make VERB the DET others NOUN work VERB harder ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Downsizing downsize VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 make csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 team det 3 team team NOUN Number=Sing 1 Downsizing obj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 make aux 5 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 others det 7 others other NOUN Number=Plur 8 work nsubj 8 work work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 make ccomp 9 harder hard ADV Degree=Cmp 8 work advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 downsize gerund a team tree rules 2 make can Downsizing tree rules 3 work present the others hard property vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 We are downsizing our toy collection and giving some away.
nsubj aux nmod:poss compound obj cc conj obj advmod punct root We PRON are AUX downsizing VERB our PRON toy NOUN collection NOUN and CCONJ giving VERB some DET away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 downsizing nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 downsizing aux 3 downsizing downsize VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 collection nmod:poss 5 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 6 collection compound 6 collection collection NOUN Number=Sing 3 downsizing obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 giving cc 8 giving give VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 downsizing conj 9 some some DET PronType=Ind 8 giving obj 10 away away ADV _ 8 giving advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 downsizing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 downsize present · progressive We our toy collection tree rules 2 give away gerund We not said here some away property vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent some=Theme
Example 6 The shop is downsizing to a smaller building.
det nsubj aux case det amod obl punct root The DET shop NOUN is AUX downsizing VERB to ADP a DET smaller ADJ building NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shop det 2 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 4 downsizing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 downsizing aux 4 downsizing downsize VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 to to ADP _ 8 building case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 building det 7 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 building amod 8 building building NOUN Number=Sing 4 downsizing obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 downsizing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 downsize present · progressive the shop to a smaller building tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous downsizenext → downstair↑ back to D in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/downsizing/