downsize

Who acts: We, downsizing, people, company, 50 workers, workers · What happens: make, cut, move, use, save, downsize · To what, where: company, number, smaller house, something, money, soft way · Speech: someone speaks here

«downsize» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: downsize in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To make a company smaller by cutting the number of workers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 company	det
4	company	company	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 make	obj
5	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 make	xcomp
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 cutting	mark
7	cutting	cut	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 smaller	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 number	det
9	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cutting	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 workers	case
11	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 number	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		a company				small property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset company=Product
2	cut	gerund		the number of workers					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset number=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To move to a smaller house or use something smaller, often to save money.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 move	mark
2	move	move	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 house	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 house	det
5	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 house	amod
6	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 move	obl
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 use	cc
8	use	use	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 move	conj
9	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	8 use	obj
10	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 use	xcomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 save	punct
12	often	often	ADV	_	14 save	advmod
13	to	to	PART	_	14 save	mark
14	save	save	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 move	conj
15	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 save	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 move	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	move	to-infinitive		a smaller house		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to house=Trajectory
2	use	infinitive	something		small property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient
3	save	to-infinitive	money		often property	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme

Meaning 3

Usage: euphemism — kept apart, not parsed.

«We are downsizing» can be a soft way of saying people are losing their jobs.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 downsizing	punct
2	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 downsizing	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 downsizing	aux
4	downsizing	downsize	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 way	csubj
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 downsizing	punct
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 way	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 way	cop
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 way	det
9	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 way	amod
10	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	of	of	SCONJ	_	15 losing	mark
12	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 losing	nsubj
13	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 losing	nsubj
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 losing	aux
15	losing	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 way	acl
16	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 jobs	nmod:poss
17	jobs	job	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 losing	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 way	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	downsize in a quote	present · progressive	We		tree rules
2	is a	can	downsizing	a soft way	tree rules
3	say speech: assert	gerund			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	lose	present · progressive		people's jobs	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality
5	job		people		nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent

Example 1

The company downsized and 50 workers lost their jobs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 company	det
2	company	company	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 downsized	nsubj
3	downsized	downsize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 lost	cc
5	50	50	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 workers	nummod
6	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 lost	nsubj
7	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 downsized	conj
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 jobs	nmod:poss
9	jobs	job	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 lost	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 downsized	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	downsize	past	the company		tree rules
2	lose	past	50 workers	workers's jobs	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality
3	job		workers = worker		nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent

Example 2

Grandma downsized to a small flat near us.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 downsized	nsubj
2	downsized	downsize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 flat	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 flat	det
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 flat	amod
6	flat	flat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 downsized	obl
7	near	near	ADP	_	8 us	case
8	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 downsized	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 downsized	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	downsize	past	Grandma					to a small flat; near us	tree rules

Example 3

We downsized to a smaller car to save petrol.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 downsized	nsubj
2	downsized	downsize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 car	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 car	det
5	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 car	amod
6	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 downsized	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 save	mark
8	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 downsized	advcl
9	petrol	petrol	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 save	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 downsized	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	downsize	past	We					to a smaller car	tree rules
2	save	to-infinitive	We not said here	petrol					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent petrol=Theme

Example 4

Dad was let go when his firm downsized.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 let	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 let	aux:pass
3	let	let	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 let	xcomp
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 downsized	advmod
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 firm	nmod:poss
7	firm	firm	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 downsized	nsubj
8	downsized	downsize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 let	advcl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 let	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	let	past · passive		Dad	tree rules
2	go	infinitive	Dad not said here		vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	downsize	past	his firm		tree rules

Example 5

After the kids left home, they decided to downsize.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	SCONJ	_	4 left	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 kids	det
3	kids	kid	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 left	nsubj
4	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 decided	advcl
5	home	home	ADV	_	4 left	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 left	punct
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 decided	nsubj
8	decided	decide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	to	to	PART	_	10 downsize	mark
10	downsize	downsize	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 decided	xcomp
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 decided	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	leave	past	the kids	home property	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	decide	past	kids = kid		vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	downsize not said to happen	to-infinitive	kids = kid not said here		tree rules

Example 6

If a firm of 200 downsizes by a quarter, 150 workers are left.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	6 downsizes	mark
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 firm	det
3	firm	firm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 downsizes	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 200	case
5	200	200	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 firm	nmod
6	downsizes	downsize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 left	advcl
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 quarter	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 quarter	det
9	quarter	quarter	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 downsizes	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 downsizes	punct
11	150	150	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	12 workers	nummod
12	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 left	nsubj:pass
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 left	aux:pass
14	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 left	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	downsize a condition, not said to happen	present	a firm of 200					by a quarter	tree rules
2	leave	present · passive		150 workers					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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