drover Who acts: drover, person, Drovers, He, many days, Australian drovers · What happens: be, move, work, have, drive, lose · To what, where: person, cattle, one place, 120 sheep, 6 cows, way
«drover» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: drover in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A drover is a person who moves cattle or sheep from one place to another on foot, often over long distances.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl obj cc conj case nummod obl case obl case obl punct advmod case amod obl punct root A DET drover NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON moves VERB cattle NOUN or CCONJ sheep NOUN from ADP one NUM place NOUN to ADP another DET on ADP foot NOUN , PUNCT often ADV over ADP long ADJ distances NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 drover det 2 drover drover NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 7 moves nsubj 7 moves move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person acl:relcl 8 cattle cattle NOUN Number=Plur 7 moves obj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 sheep cc 10 sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 8 cattle conj 11 from from ADP _ 13 place case 12 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 13 place nummod 13 place place NOUN Number=Sing 7 moves obl 14 to to ADP _ 15 another case 15 another another DET PronType=Ind 7 moves obl 16 on on ADP _ 17 foot case 17 foot foot NOUN Number=Sing 7 moves obl 18 , , PUNCT _ 22 distances punct 19 often often ADV _ 22 distances advmod 20 over over ADP _ 22 distances case 21 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 22 distances amod 22 distances distance NOUN Number=Plur 7 moves obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a drover a person tree rules 2 move present a person cattle or sheep one place to another; on foot; over long distances vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent cattle=Theme from place=Source to another=Trajectory on foot=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Drovers were common long ago, and still work in places like Australia.
nsubj cop advmod advmod punct cc advmod conj case obl case nmod punct root Drovers NOUN were AUX common ADJ long ADV ago ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ still ADV work VERB in ADP places NOUN like ADP Australia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Drovers drover NOUN Number=Plur 3 common nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 common cop 3 common common ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 long long ADV Degree=Pos 5 ago advmod 5 ago ago ADV _ 3 common advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 work punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 work cc 8 still still ADV _ 9 work advmod 9 work work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 common conj 10 in in ADP _ 11 places case 11 places place NOUN Number=Plur 9 work obl 12 like like ADP _ 13 Australia case 13 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 11 places nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 common punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Drovers ago, common property tree rules 2 work present Drovers not said here still in places like Australia vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in place=Theme
Example 1 The drover had 120 sheep.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET drover NOUN had VERB 120 NUM sheep NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 drover det 2 drover drover NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 120 120 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 sheep nummod 5 sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the drover 120 sheep vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Patient
Example 2 He drove the cattle 15 miles a day.
nsubj det obj nummod conj det nmod:unmarked punct root He PRON drove VERB the DET cattle NOUN 15 NUM miles NOUN a DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 drove nsubj 2 drove drive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cattle det 4 cattle cattle NOUN Number=Sing 2 drove obj 5 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 miles nummod 6 miles mile NOUN Number=Plur 4 cattle conj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 day det 8 day day NOUN Number=Sing 6 miles nmod:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 drove punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drive past He the cattle and 15 miles a day vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cattle=Theme
Example 3 The drover lost 6 cows on the way.
det nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root The DET drover NOUN lost VERB 6 NUM cows NOUN on ADP the DET way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 drover det 2 drover drover NOUN Number=Sing 3 lost nsubj 3 lost lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 cows nummod 5 cows cow NOUN Number=Plur 3 lost obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 way case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 way det 8 way way NOUN Number=Sing 3 lost obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 lost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose past the drover 6 cows the way vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Eventuality
Example 4 How many days to go 90 miles?
advmod amod nsubj mark nummod obl:unmarked punct root How ADV many ADJ days NOUN to PART go VERB 90 NUM miles NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 days amod 3 days day NOUN Number=Plur 5 go nsubj 4 to to PART _ 5 go mark 5 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 90 90 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 miles nummod 7 miles mile NOUN Number=Plur 5 go obl:unmarked 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go to-infinitive many days 90 miles vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The drover rode a horse beside the herd.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET drover NOUN rode VERB a DET horse NOUN beside ADP the DET herd NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 drover det 2 drover drover NOUN Number=Sing 3 rode nsubj 3 rode ride VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 horse det 5 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 3 rode obj 6 beside beside ADP _ 8 herd case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 herd det 8 herd herd NOUN Number=Sing 3 rode obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 rode punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ride past the drover a horse the herd vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme
Example 6 Australian drovers moved cattle across the outback.
amod nsubj obj case det obl punct root Australian ADJ drovers NOUN moved VERB cattle NOUN across ADP the DET outback NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Australian Australian ADJ Degree=Pos 2 drovers amod 2 drovers drover NOUN Number=Plur 3 moved nsubj 3 moved move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 cattle cattle NOUN Number=Plur 3 moved obj 5 across across ADP _ 7 outback case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 outback det 7 outback outback NOUN Number=Sing 3 moved obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 moved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move past Australian drovers cattle the outback vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent cattle=Theme across outback=Trajectory
Example 7 The drover's dog kept the sheep together.
det nmod:poss case nsubj det obj advmod punct root The DET drover NOUN 's PART dog NOUN kept VERB the DET sheep NOUN together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 drover det 2 drover drover NOUN Number=Sing 4 dog nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 drover case 4 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 5 kept nsubj 5 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sheep det 7 sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 5 kept obj 8 together together ADV _ 5 kept advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past the drover's dog the sheep together property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme
Example 8 Many guests were present--horse dealers, cattle drovers, and two Englishmen.
The tree, 11 words amod cop acl punct compound conj punct amod conj punct cc nummod conj punct root Many ADJ guests NOUN were AUX present ADJ -- PUNCT horse NOUN dealers NOUN , PUNCT cattle ADJ drovers NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ two NUM Englishmen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 guests amod 2 guests guest NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 present cop 4 present present ADJ Degree=Pos 2 guests acl 5 -- -- PUNCT _ 7 dealers punct 6 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 7 dealers compound 7 dealers dealer NOUN Number=Plur 2 guests conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 drovers punct 9 cattle cattle ADJ Degree=Pos 10 drovers amod 10 drovers drover NOUN Number=Plur 2 guests conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 Englishmen punct 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 Englishmen cc 13 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 14 Englishmen nummod 14 Englishmen englishman NOUN Number=Plur 2 guests conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 guests punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Many guests and horse dealers and cattle drovers and two Englishmen not said here present property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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