drudgery

Who acts: Drudgery, dull work, work, Washing, Cleaning · What happens: be, go, enjoy, wash up, keep, clean · To what, where: drudgery, poor boy, floors, hard drudgery

«drudgery» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: drudgery in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Drudgery is hard, dull work that goes on and on, work that nobody enjoys.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Drudgery	drudgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hard	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hard	cop
3	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 work	punct
5	dull	dull	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 work	amod
6	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hard	parataxis
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 goes	nsubj
8	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 work	acl:relcl
9	on	on	ADV	_	8 goes	advmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 on	cc
11	on	on	ADV	_	9 on	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 work	punct
13	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 work	parataxis
14	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 enjoys	nsubj
15	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	16 enjoys	nsubj
16	enjoys	enjoy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 work	acl:relcl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 hard	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	Drudgery	hard property	tree rules
2	go	present	dull work		vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	enjoy	present	work		vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

Washing up every night is drudgery.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Washing	wash	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 drudgery	csubj
2	up	up	ADP	_	1 Washing	compound:prt
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 night	det
4	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Washing	obl:unmarked
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 drudgery	cop
6	drudgery	drudgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 drudgery	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wash up	gerund					night		vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	Washing	drudgery					tree rules

Example 2

The poor boy was kept busy with endless drudgery.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 boy	det
2	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 boy	amod
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 kept	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 kept	aux:pass
5	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 kept	xcomp
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 drudgery	case
8	endless	endless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 drudgery	amod
9	drudgery	drudgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 kept	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 kept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past · passive		the poor boy				with endless drudgery; busy property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Example 3

Cleaning all the floors by hand is hard drudgery.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cleaning	clean	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 drudgery	csubj
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 floors	det:predet
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 floors	det
4	floors	floor	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Cleaning	obj
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 hand	case
6	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Cleaning	obl
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 drudgery	cop
8	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 drudgery	amod
9	drudgery	drudgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 drudgery	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	clean	gerund		all floors				by hand	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent floor=Patient
2	is a	present	Cleaning	hard drudgery					tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/drudgery/