drug Who acts: substance, body, people, them, doctor, you · What happens: use, treat, prevent, change, work, take in · To what, where: medicine, illness, harmful way, drug, someone, them · Speech: someone speaks here
«drug» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: drug in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A medicine used to treat or prevent an illness.
det nsubj:pass mark advcl cc conj det obj punct root A DET medicine NOUN used VERB to PART treat VERB or CCONJ prevent VERB an DET illness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 medicine det 2 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj:pass 3 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 to to PART _ 5 treat mark 5 treat treat VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 used advcl 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 prevent cc 7 prevent prevent VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 treat conj 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 illness det 9 illness illness NOUN Number=Sing 7 prevent obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle · passive a medicine vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 treat to-infinitive vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent 3 prevent infinitive a illness vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer illness=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A substance that changes how the body or mind works and that people may take in a harmful or illegal way.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj acl:relcl advmod det nsubj cc conj ccomp cc mark nsubj aux conj compound:prt det amod cc conj obl:unmarked punct root A DET substance NOUN that PRON changes VERB how ADV the DET body NOUN or CCONJ mind NOUN works VERB and CCONJ that SCONJ people NOUN may AUX take VERB in ADP a DET harmful ADJ or CCONJ illegal ADJ way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 substance det 2 substance substance NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 changes nsubj 4 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 substance acl:relcl 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 works advmod 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 body det 7 body body NOUN Number=Sing 10 works nsubj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 mind cc 9 mind mind NOUN Number=Sing 7 body conj 10 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 changes ccomp 11 and and CCONJ _ 15 take cc 12 that that SCONJ _ 15 take mark 13 people people NOUN Number=Plur 15 take nsubj 14 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 take aux 15 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 works conj 16 in in ADP _ 15 take compound:prt 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 way det 18 harmful harmful ADJ Degree=Pos 21 way amod 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 illegal cc 20 illegal illegal ADJ Degree=Pos 18 harmful conj 21 way way NOUN Number=Sing 15 take obl:unmarked 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 substance punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change present a substance tree rules 2 work present the body or mind vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 take in may people a harmful way vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To give someone or an animal a drug to make them sleep or unable to act.
The tree, 16 words mark obj cc det conj det obj mark advcl obj xcomp cc conj mark xcomp punct root To PART give VERB someone PRON or CCONJ an DET animal NOUN a DET drug NOUN to PART make VERB them PRON sleep VERB or CCONJ unable ADJ to PART act VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 give mark 2 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 give obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 6 animal cc 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 animal det 6 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 3 someone conj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 drug det 8 drug drug NOUN Number=Sing 2 give obj 9 to to PART _ 10 make mark 10 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 give advcl 11 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 make obj 12 sleep sleep VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 make xcomp 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 unable cc 14 unable unable ADJ Degree=Pos 12 sleep conj 15 to to PART _ 16 act mark 16 act act VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 unable xcomp 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give to-infinitive a drug someone vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient drug=Theme 2 make to-infinitive them = they tree rules 3 sleep infinitive them = they not said here vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 act to-infinitive them = they not said here vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The doctor gave her a drug to stop the pain.
det nsubj iobj det obj mark advcl det obj punct root The DET doctor NOUN gave VERB her PRON a DET drug NOUN to PART stop VERB the DET pain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 gave iobj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 drug det 6 drug drug NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 7 to to PART _ 8 stop mark 8 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 gave advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 pain det 10 pain pain NOUN Number=Sing 8 stop obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the doctor a drug her = she vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient drug=Theme 2 stop to-infinitive the doctor not said here the pain vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality pain=Eventuality
Example 2 Never take pills or drugs from a stranger.
advmod obj cc conj case det obl punct root Never ADV take VERB pills NOUN or CCONJ drugs NOUN from ADP a DET stranger NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 take advmod 2 take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 pills pill NOUN Number=Plur 2 take obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 drugs cc 5 drugs drug NOUN Number=Plur 3 pills conj 6 from from ADP _ 8 stranger case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 stranger det 8 stranger stranger NOUN Number=Sing 2 take obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not take imperative you not said here pills or drugs a stranger vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent pill=Theme from stranger=Initial_Location
Example 3 The new drug was tested for years.
det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET new ADJ drug NOUN was AUX tested VERB for ADP years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 drug det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 drug amod 3 drug drug NOUN Number=Sing 5 tested nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 tested aux:pass 5 tested test VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 for for ADP _ 7 years case 7 years year NOUN Number=Plur 5 tested obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 tested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test past · passive the new drug year vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 4 Mum bought plasters at the drugstore.
nsubj obj case det obl punct root Mum NOUN bought VERB plasters NOUN at ADP the DET drugstore NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 plasters plaster NOUN Number=Plur 2 bought obj 4 at at ADP _ 6 drugstore case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 drugstore det 6 drugstore drugstore NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past Mum plasters the drugstore vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent plaster=Theme at drugstore=Asset
Example 5 The vet drugged the lion so it would sleep.
det nsubj det obj advmod nsubj aux advcl punct root The DET vet NOUN drugged VERB the DET lion NOUN so ADV it PRON would AUX sleep VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 vet det 2 vet vet NOUN Number=Sing 3 drugged nsubj 3 drugged drug VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 lion det 5 lion lion NOUN Number=Sing 3 drugged obj 6 so so ADV _ 9 sleep advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 sleep nsubj 8 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 sleep aux 9 sleep sleep VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 drugged advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 drugged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drug past the vet the lion vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent lion=Destination 2 sleep would vet vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Some drugs are illegal because they are dangerous.
det nsubj cop mark nsubj cop advcl punct root Some DET drugs NOUN are AUX illegal ADJ because SCONJ they PRON are AUX dangerous ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 drugs det 2 drugs drug NOUN Number=Plur 4 illegal nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 illegal cop 4 illegal illegal ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 because because SCONJ _ 8 dangerous mark 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 dangerous nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 dangerous cop 8 dangerous dangerous ADJ Degree=Pos 4 illegal advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 illegal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present some drugs illegal property tree rules 2 is present drugs = drug dangerous property tree rules
Example 7 Athletes are given drug tests.
nsubj:pass aux:pass compound obj punct root Athletes NOUN are AUX given VERB drug NOUN tests NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Athletes athlete NOUN Number=Plur 3 given nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 given aux:pass 3 given give VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 drug drug NOUN Number=Sing 5 tests compound 5 tests test NOUN Number=Plur 3 given obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 given punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present · passive Athletes vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient test=Theme
Example 8 None of my drugs will avail to cure you, but, if you are willing to pay me handsomely, I can tell you how you may be cured.’
The tree, 27 words nsubj case nmod:poss nmod aux mark xcomp obj punct cc punct mark nsubj cop advcl mark xcomp iobj advmod punct nsubj aux conj iobj advmod nsubj:pass aux aux:pass advcl punct punct root None PRON of ADP my PRON drugs NOUN will AUX avail VERB to PART cure VERB you PRON , PUNCT but CCONJ , PUNCT if SCONJ you PRON are AUX willing ADJ to PART pay VERB me PRON handsomely ADV , PUNCT I PRON can AUX tell VERB you PRON how ADV you PRON may AUX be AUX cured VERB . PUNCT ’ PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 None none PRON PronType=Neg 6 avail nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 4 drugs case 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 drugs nmod:poss 4 drugs drug NOUN Number=Plur 1 None nmod 5 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 avail aux 6 avail avail VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 to to PART _ 8 cure mark 8 cure cure VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 avail xcomp 9 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 cure obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 24 tell punct 11 but but CCONJ _ 24 tell cc 12 , , PUNCT _ 11 but punct 13 if if SCONJ _ 16 willing mark 14 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 16 willing nsubj 15 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 willing cop 16 willing willing ADJ Degree=Pos 24 tell advcl 17 to to PART _ 18 pay mark 18 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 willing xcomp 19 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 18 pay iobj 20 handsomely handsomely ADV _ 18 pay advmod 21 , , PUNCT _ 16 willing punct 22 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 24 tell nsubj 23 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 24 tell aux 24 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 avail conj 25 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 24 tell iobj 26 how how ADV PronType=Int 30 cured advmod 27 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 30 cured nsubj:pass 28 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 30 cured aux 29 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 30 cured aux:pass 30 cured cure VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 24 tell advcl 31 . . PUNCT _ 6 avail punct 32 ’ ' PUNCT _ 6 avail punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 avail future None tree rules 2 cure to-infinitive None not said here you vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer you=Source 3 is a condition, not said to happen present you willing property tree rules 4 pay to-infinitive you not said here me handsomely property vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Asset 5 tell speech: assert can I you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient 6 cure may · passive you vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Source
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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