dumbfounded

Who acts: you, boy, he, words, king · What happens: dumbfound, mean, not speak, know, say, stare · To what, where: grandfather, merchant · Speech: someone speaks here

«dumbfounded» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dumbfounded in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Dumbfounded means so surprised that you cannot speak or know what to say.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dumbfounded	dumbfound	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	so	so	ADV	_	4 surprised	advmod
4	surprised	surprised	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	xcomp
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 speak	mark
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 speak	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 speak	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 speak	advmod
9	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 surprised	advcl
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 know	cc
11	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 speak	conj
12	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	14 say	obj
13	to	to	PART	_	14 say	mark
14	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 know	ccomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	dumbfound	participle			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	mean	present		surprised property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	not speak speech: other	can	you		vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	know	infinitive	you not said here		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
5	say speech: assert	to-infinitive			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

Dumbfounded, the boy stared at the talking cat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dumbfounded	dumbfound	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 stared	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 boy	det
4	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stared	nsubj
5	stared	stare	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Dumbfounded	conj
6	at	at	ADP	_	9 cat	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 cat	det
8	talking	talking	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cat	compound
9	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stared	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Dumbfounded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dumbfound	participle							vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	stare	past	the boy					at the talking cat	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at cat=Theme

Example 2

My grandfather was so dumbfounded that he could only stand and stare.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 grandfather	nmod:poss
2	grandfather	grandfather	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 dumbfounded	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 dumbfounded	aux:pass
4	so	so	ADV	_	5 dumbfounded	advmod
5	dumbfounded	dumbfound	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 stand	mark
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 stand	nsubj
8	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 stand	aux
9	only	only	ADV	_	10 stand	advmod
10	stand	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 dumbfounded	xcomp
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 stare	cc
12	stare	stare	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 stand	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 dumbfounded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	dumbfound	past · passive		My grandfather	tree rules
2	stand	could	he		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	stare	infinitive	he not said here		vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

Example 3

The merchant was dumbfounded by the king's words.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 merchant	det
2	merchant	merchant	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dumbfounded	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 dumbfounded	aux:pass
4	dumbfounded	dumbfound	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	9 words	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 king	det
7	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 words	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 king	case
9	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 dumbfounded	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 dumbfounded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dumbfound	past · passive	the king's words	the merchant					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer
2	word		the king						nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/dumbfounded/