encircle Who acts: nobody, ring, Mountains, children, you, army · What happens: encircle, be, surround, get, hear, draw · To what, where: something, circle, sides, place, war, pond
«encircle» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: encircle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To encircle something is to form a circle round it or surround it on all sides.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl obj cop mark det obj case obl cc conj obj case det obl punct root To PART encircle VERB something PRON is AUX to PART form VERB a DET circle NOUN round ADP it PRON or CCONJ surround VERB it PRON on ADP all DET sides NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 encircle mark 2 encircle encircle VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 form advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 encircle obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 form cop 5 to to PART _ 6 form mark 6 form form VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 circle det 8 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 6 form obj 9 round round ADP _ 10 it case 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 form obl 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 surround cc 12 surround surround VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 form conj 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 surround obj 14 on on ADP _ 16 sides case 15 all all DET PronType=Tot 16 sides det 16 sides side NOUN Number=Plur 12 surround obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle to-infinitive something vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme 2 is present round circle; form property tree rules 3 surround infinitive circle all sides vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To encircle a place in war is to surround it so nobody can get in or out.
The tree, 17 words mark advcl det obj case obl cop mark obj mark nsubj aux advcl advmod cc conj punct root To PART encircle VERB a DET place NOUN in ADP war NOUN is AUX to PART surround VERB it PRON so SCONJ nobody PRON can AUX get VERB in ADV or CCONJ out ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 encircle mark 2 encircle encircle VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 surround advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 place det 4 place place NOUN Number=Sing 2 encircle obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 war case 6 war war NOUN Number=Sing 2 encircle obl 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 surround cop 8 to to PART _ 9 surround mark 9 surround surround VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 surround obj 11 so so SCONJ _ 14 get mark 12 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 14 get nsubj 13 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 get aux 14 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 surround advcl 15 in in ADV _ 14 get advmod 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 out cc 17 out out ADV _ 15 in conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 9 surround punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle to-infinitive a place war vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme place=Co-Theme 2 is present surround property tree rules 3 get can nobody vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 A ring of trees encircled the pond.
det nsubj case nmod det obj punct root A DET ring NOUN of ADP trees NOUN encircled VERB the DET pond NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ring det 2 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 5 encircled nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 trees case 4 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 2 ring nmod 5 encircled encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 pond det 7 pond pond NOUN Number=Sing 5 encircled obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle past a ring of trees the pond vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme pond=Co-Theme
Example 2 Mountains encircle the little village.
nsubj det amod obj punct root Mountains NOUN encircle VERB the DET little ADJ village NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 2 encircle nsubj 2 encircle encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 village det 4 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 village amod 5 village village NOUN Number=Sing 2 encircle obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 encircle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle present Mountains the little village vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme village=Co-Theme
Example 3 The children encircled the teacher to hear the story.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj punct root The DET children NOUN encircled VERB the DET teacher NOUN to PART hear VERB the DET story NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 children det 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 encircled nsubj 3 encircled encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 teacher det 5 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 encircled obj 6 to to PART _ 7 hear mark 7 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 encircled advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 story det 9 story story NOUN Number=Sing 7 hear obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle past the children the teacher vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme teacher=Co-Theme 2 hear to-infinitive the children not said here the story vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer story=Stimulus
Example 4 Draw a line to encircle the correct answer.
det obj mark advcl det amod obj punct root Draw VERB a DET line NOUN to PART encircle VERB the DET correct ADJ answer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Draw draw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 line det 3 line line NOUN Number=Sing 1 Draw obj 4 to to PART _ 5 encircle mark 5 encircle encircle VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Draw advcl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 answer det 7 correct correct ADJ Degree=Pos 8 answer amod 8 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 5 encircle obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Draw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw imperative you not said here a line vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme 2 encircle to-infinitive you not said here the correct answer vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme answer=Co-Theme
Example 5 The army encircled the city.
det nsubj det obj punct root The DET army NOUN encircled VERB the DET city NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 army det 2 army army NOUN Number=Sing 3 encircled nsubj 3 encircled encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 city det 5 city city NOUN Number=Sing 3 encircled obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle past the army the city vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme city=Co-Theme
Example 6 A wall encircles the old town of York.
det nsubj det amod obj case nmod punct root A DET wall NOUN encircles VERB the DET old ADJ town NOUN of ADP York PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 wall det 2 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 3 encircles nsubj 3 encircles encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 town det 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 town amod 6 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 encircles obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 York case 8 York York PROPN Number=Sing 6 town nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 encircles punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle present a wall the old town of York vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme town=Co-Theme
Example 7 Near the grass-covered rampart which encircles Copenhagen lies a great red house.
The tree, 13 words case det compound punct amod obl nsubj acl:relcl obj det amod amod nsubj punct root Near ADP the DET grass NOUN - PUNCT covered VERB rampart NOUN which PRON encircles VERB Copenhagen PROPN lies VERB a DET great ADJ red ADJ house NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Near near ADP _ 6 rampart case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 rampart det 3 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered compound 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 grass punct 5 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 rampart amod 6 rampart rampart NOUN Number=Sing 10 lies obl 7 which which PRON PronType=Rel 8 encircles nsubj 8 encircles encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 rampart acl:relcl 9 Copenhagen Copenhagen PROPN Number=Sing 8 encircles obj 10 lies lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 house det 12 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 14 house amod 13 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 14 house amod 14 house house NOUN Number=Sing 10 lies nsubj 15 . . PUNCT _ 10 lies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover participle vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme 2 encircle present the covered rampart Copenhagen vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme copenhagen=Co-Theme 3 lie present a great red house the covered rampart vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent near rampart=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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