encircled Who acts: city, Tall trees, children, deep moat, army, Circle answer · What happens: form, surround, not escape, encircle, sing, put · To what, where: circle, something, army, quiet lake, birthday girl, castle
«encircled» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: encircled in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Formed a circle around something or someone; surrounded.
det obj case nmod cc conj punct parataxis punct root Formed VERB a DET circle NOUN around ADP something PRON or CCONJ someone PRON ; PUNCT surrounded VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Formed form VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 circle det 3 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 1 Formed obj 4 around around ADP _ 5 something case 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 circle nmod 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 someone cc 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 something conj 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 surrounded punct 9 surrounded surround VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Formed parataxis 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Formed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 form past a circle something vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location circle=Theme 2 surround participle vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: in war — kept apart, not parsed.
Surrounded an army or city so it could not escape.
det obj cc conj mark nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root Surrounded VERB an DET army NOUN or CCONJ city NOUN so SCONJ it PRON could AUX not PART escape VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Surrounded surround VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 army det 3 army army NOUN Number=Sing 1 Surrounded obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 city cc 5 city city NOUN Number=Sing 3 army conj 6 so so SCONJ _ 10 escape mark 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 escape nsubj 8 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 escape aux 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 escape advmod 10 escape escape VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Surrounded advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Surrounded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 surround past a army or city vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme army=Co-Theme 2 not escape could city vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Tall trees encircled the quiet lake.
amod nsubj det amod obj punct root Tall ADJ trees NOUN encircled VERB the DET quiet ADJ lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 2 trees amod 2 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 3 encircled nsubj 3 encircled encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 lake det 5 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 6 lake amod 6 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 3 encircled obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle past Tall trees the quiet lake vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme lake=Co-Theme
Example 2 The children encircled the birthday girl and sang.
det nsubj det compound obj cc conj punct root The DET children NOUN encircled VERB the DET birthday NOUN girl NOUN and CCONJ sang VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 children det 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 encircled nsubj 3 encircled encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 girl det 5 birthday birthday NOUN Number=Sing 6 girl compound 6 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 3 encircled obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 sang cc 8 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 encircled conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle past the children the birthday girl vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme girl=Co-Theme 2 sing speech: express past the children not said here vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 The castle was encircled by a deep moat.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det amod obl punct root The DET castle NOUN was AUX encircled VERB by ADP a DET deep ADJ moat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 castle det 2 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 4 encircled nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 encircled aux:pass 4 encircled encircle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 8 moat case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 moat det 7 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 8 moat amod 8 moat moat NOUN Number=Sing 4 encircled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle past · passive a deep moat the castle vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme
Example 4 The army encircled the city.
det nsubj det obj punct root The DET army NOUN encircled VERB the DET city NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 army det 2 army army NOUN Number=Sing 3 encircled nsubj 3 encircled encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 city det 5 city city NOUN Number=Sing 3 encircled obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle past the army the city vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme city=Co-Theme
Example 5 Circle the answer: put a ring round it so it is encircled.
compound det punct acl det obj case obl advmod nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct root Circle PROPN the DET answer NOUN : PUNCT put VERB a DET ring NOUN round ADP it PRON so ADV it PRON is AUX encircled VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Circle Circle PROPN Number=Sing 3 answer compound 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 answer det 3 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 : : PUNCT _ 5 put punct 5 put put VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 answer acl 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 ring det 7 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 5 put obj 8 round round ADP _ 9 it case 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 put obl 10 so so ADV _ 13 encircled advmod 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 encircled nsubj:pass 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 encircled aux:pass 13 encircled encircle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 put advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 answer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put infinitive the Circle answer not said here a ring round ring vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent ring=Goal 2 encircle present · passive ring vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme
Example 6 A ring of light encircled the moon.
det nsubj case nmod det obj punct root A DET ring NOUN of ADP light NOUN encircled VERB the DET moon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ring det 2 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 5 encircled nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 light case 4 light light NOUN Number=Sing 2 ring nmod 5 encircled encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 moon det 7 moon moon NOUN Number=Sing 5 encircled obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle past a ring of light the moon vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme moon=Co-Theme
Example 7 Sharks encircled the small boat.
nsubj det amod obj punct root Sharks NOUN encircled VERB the DET small ADJ boat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sharks shark NOUN Number=Plur 2 encircled nsubj 2 encircled encircle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boat det 4 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 5 boat amod 5 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 2 encircled obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle past Sharks the small boat vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme boat=Co-Theme
Example 8 The head is frequently encircled with a wreath of oak-leaves.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case det obl case compound punct nmod punct root The DET head NOUN is AUX frequently ADV encircled VERB with ADP a DET wreath NOUN of ADP oak NOUN - PUNCT leaves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 head det 2 head head NOUN Number=Sing 5 encircled nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 encircled aux:pass 4 frequently frequently ADV _ 5 encircled advmod 5 encircled encircle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 with with ADP _ 8 wreath case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 wreath det 8 wreath wreath NOUN Number=Sing 5 encircled obl 9 of of ADP _ 12 leaves case 10 oak oak NOUN Number=Sing 12 leaves compound 11 - - PUNCT _ 10 oak punct 12 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 8 wreath nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 encircled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 encircle present · passive the head with a wreath of oak leaves; frequently property vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with wreath=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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