endurance

Who acts: Running, crew, Swimming, long car journey, pain, Endurance · What happens: keep, go, give up, keep up, last, break · To what, where: something, physical effort, marathon, great endurance, amazing endurance, ice

«endurance» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: endurance in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

The ability to keep going through something long, hard or painful without giving up.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ability	det
2	ability	ability	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 keep	mark
4	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 ability	acl
5	going	go	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 keep	xcomp
6	through	through	ADP	_	7 something	case
7	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 going	obl
8	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 something	amod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hard	punct
10	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 long	conj
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 painful	cc
12	painful	painful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 long	conj
13	without	without	SCONJ	_	14 giving	mark
14	giving	give	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 keep	advcl
15	up	up	ADP	_	14 giving	compound:prt
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ability	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	where	roles by
1	keep	to-infinitive		tree rules
2	go	gerund	something	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through something=Initial_Location
3	give up	gerund		vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: sport — kept apart, not parsed.

The ability to keep up physical effort for a long time; stamina.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ability	det
2	ability	ability	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 keep	mark
4	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 ability	acl
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 keep	compound:prt
6	physical	physical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 effort	amod
7	effort	effort	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keep	obj
8	for	for	ADP	_	11 time	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 time	det
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 time	amod
11	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keep	obl
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 stamina	punct
13	stamina	stamina	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ability	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ability	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep up	to-infinitive		physical effort			time		vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent effort=Theme

Meaning 3

The ability of something to last for a long time without breaking.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ability	det
2	ability	ability	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 something	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 something	case
4	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 last	mark
6	last	last	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 something	acl
7	for	for	ADP	_	10 time	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 time	det
9	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 time	amod
10	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 last	obl
11	without	without	SCONJ	_	12 breaking	mark
12	breaking	break	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 last	advcl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 something	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	last	to-infinitive					time		vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
2	break	gerund							vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Example 1

Running a marathon takes great endurance.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Running	run	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 takes	csubj
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 marathon	det
3	marathon	marathon	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Running	obj
4	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 endurance	amod
6	endurance	endurance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 takes	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 takes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	gerund		a marathon					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme marathon=Trajectory
2	take	present	Running	great endurance					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent endurance=Theme

Example 2

Shackleton's crew showed amazing endurance on the ice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shackleton	Shackleton	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 crew	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Shackleton	case
3	crew	crew	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 showed	nsubj
4	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	amazing	amazing	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 endurance	amod
6	endurance	endurance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 showed	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 ice	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ice	det
9	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 showed	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 showed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	Shackleton's crew	amazing endurance		the ice			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent endurance=Recipient

Example 3

Swimming helps build endurance.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swimming	swimming	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 helps	nsubj
2	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	build	build	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 helps	xcomp
4	endurance	endurance	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 build	obj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 helps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	Swimming						vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	build	infinitive	Swimming not said here	endurance					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset endurance=Product

Example 4

The long car journey was a test of endurance.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 journey	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 journey	amod
3	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 journey	compound
4	journey	journey	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 test	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 test	cop
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 test	det
7	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 endurance	case
9	endurance	endurance	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 test	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 test	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the long car journey	a test				of endurance	tree rules

Example 5

The pain was beyond endurance.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pain	det
2	pain	pain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 endurance	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 endurance	cop
4	beyond	beyond	ADP	_	5 endurance	case
5	endurance	endurance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 endurance	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the pain					beyond endurance	tree rules

Example 6

The rope's endurance was tested by the heavy boat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rope	det
2	rope	rope	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 endurance	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 rope	case
4	endurance	endurance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tested	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tested	aux:pass
6	tested	test	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	10 boat	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 boat	det
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 boat	amod
10	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tested	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 tested	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	test	past · passive		the rope's endurance				by the heavy boat	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Example 7

Endurance means not giving up when things get hard.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Endurance	endurance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 giving	advmod
4	giving	give	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 means	xcomp
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 giving	compound:prt
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 get	advmod
7	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 get	nsubj
8	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 giving	advcl
9	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 get	xcomp
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Endurance		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not give up not said to happen	gerund	Endurance not said here		vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	get	present	things	hard property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Example 8

But Petru was no coward; the fight he had gone through had strengthened his powers of endurance, and he stood the test bravely.

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	14 strengthened	cc
2	Petru	Petru	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 coward	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 coward	cop
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 coward	det
5	coward	coward	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 strengthened	nsubj:pass
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 gone	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 fight	det
8	fight	fight	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 gone	nsubj
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 gone	nsubj
10	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 gone	aux
11	gone	go	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 coward	parataxis
12	through	through	ADP	_	11 gone	obl
13	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 strengthened	aux
14	strengthened	strengthen	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 powers	nmod:poss
16	powers	power	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 strengthened	obj
17	of	of	ADP	_	18 endurance	case
18	endurance	endurance	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 powers	nmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 stood	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 stood	cc
21	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 stood	nsubj
22	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 strengthened	conj
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 test	det
24	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 stood	obj
25	bravely	bravely	ADV	_	22 stood	advmod
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 strengthened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Petru	no coward		tree rules
2	go through	past · perfect	the fight			vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	strengthen	past · perfect · passive		no coward		tree rules
4	stand	past	Petru	the test	bravely property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer test=Stimulus

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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