english Who acts: English, you, She, He, English class, They · What happens: be, read, speak, mean, come, learn · To what, where: language, one, many countries, England, school subject, 3 English books · Speech: someone speaks here
«english» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: english in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 English is a language, the one you are reading now. It is spoken in many countries, like the USA, the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Ireland.
Sentence 1: English is a language, the one you are reading now.
nsubj cop det punct det appos nsubj aux acl:relcl advmod punct root English PROPN is AUX a DET language NOUN , PUNCT the DET one NOUN you PRON are AUX reading VERB now ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 English English PROPN Number=Sing 4 language nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 language cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 language det 4 language language NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 one punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 one det 7 one one NOUN Number=Sing 4 language appos 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 reading nsubj 9 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 reading aux 10 reading read VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 one acl:relcl 11 now now ADV PronType=Dem 10 reading advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 language punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present English a language tree rules 2 read present · progressive you the one not said here now vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: It is spoken in many countries, like the USA, the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Ireland.
The tree, 17 words nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl punct case det nmod punct det conj punct conj punct conj punct flat conj cc conj punct root It PRON is AUX spoken VERB in ADP many ADJ countries NOUN , PUNCT like ADP the DET USA PROPN , PUNCT the DET UK PROPN , PUNCT Canada PROPN , PUNCT Australia PROPN , PUNCT New PROPN Zealand PROPN and CCONJ Ireland PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 spoken nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 spoken aux:pass 3 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 countries case 5 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 6 countries amod 6 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 3 spoken obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 USA punct 8 like like ADP _ 10 USA case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 USA det 10 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 6 countries nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 UK punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 UK det 13 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 10 USA conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 Canada punct 15 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 10 USA conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 Australia punct 17 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 10 USA conj 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 Zealand punct 19 New New PROPN Number=Sing 20 Zealand flat 20 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 10 USA conj 21 and and CCONJ _ 22 Ireland cc 22 Ireland Ireland PROPN Number=Sing 10 USA conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 3 spoken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other present · passive language many countries like the USA and the UK and Canada and Australia and New Zealand and Ireland tree rules
Meaning 2 English means coming from England.
nsubj xcomp case obl punct root English PROPN means VERB coming VERB from ADP England PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 English English PROPN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 coming come VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 from from ADP _ 5 England case 5 England England PROPN Number=Sing 3 coming obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present English vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 come not said to happen gerund English not said here England vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from england=Initial_Location
Meaning 3 English is a school subject where you learn to read and write well.
nsubj cop det compound advmod nsubj advcl mark xcomp cc conj advmod punct root English PROPN is AUX a DET school NOUN subject NOUN where ADV you PRON learn VERB to PART read VERB and CCONJ write VERB well ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 English English PROPN Number=Sing 5 subject nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 subject cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 subject det 4 school school NOUN Number=Sing 5 subject compound 5 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 where where ADV PronType=Rel 8 learn advmod 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 learn nsubj 8 learn learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 subject advcl 9 to to PART _ 10 read mark 10 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 learn xcomp 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 write cc 12 write write VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 read conj 13 well well ADV Degree=Pos 12 write advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 subject punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present English a school subject tree rules 2 learn present you vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 read to-infinitive you not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 write infinitive you not said here well property vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 She has 3 English books.
nsubj nummod amod obj punct root She PRON has VERB 3 NUM English ADJ books NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 books nummod 4 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 5 books amod 5 books book NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present She 3 English books vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient
Example 2 He scored 85 in English.
nsubj obj case obl punct root He PRON scored VERB 85 NUM in ADP English PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 scored nsubj 2 scored score VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 85 85 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 scored obj 4 in in ADP _ 5 English case 5 English English PROPN Number=Sing 2 scored obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 scored punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 score past He 85 English vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 85=Theme
Example 3 The English class has 24 students.
det amod nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET English ADJ class NOUN has VERB 24 NUM students NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 class det 2 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 3 class amod 3 class class NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 24 24 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 students nummod 6 students student NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the English class 24 students vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent student=Patient
Example 4 They study English for 45 minutes.
nsubj obj case nummod obl punct root They PRON study VERB English PROPN for ADP 45 NUM minutes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 study nsubj 2 study study VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 English English PROPN Number=Sing 2 study obj 4 for for ADP _ 6 minutes case 5 45 45 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 minutes nummod 6 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 2 study obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 study punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 study present They English minute vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent english=Topic
Example 5 English is spoken all over the world.
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case det obl punct root English PROPN is AUX spoken VERB all ADV over ADP the DET world NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 English English PROPN Number=Sing 3 spoken nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 spoken aux:pass 3 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 all all ADV _ 7 world advmod 5 over over ADP _ 7 world case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 world det 7 world world NOUN Number=Sing 3 spoken obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 spoken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other present · passive English the world tree rules
Example 6 We read a poem in English today.
nsubj det obj case nmod obl:unmarked punct root We PRON read VERB a DET poem NOUN in ADP English PROPN today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 read nsubj 2 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 poem det 4 poem poem NOUN Number=Sing 2 read obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 English case 6 English English PROPN Number=Sing 4 poem nmod 7 today today NOUN Number=Sing 2 read obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past We a poem English today vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poem=Topic
Example 7 My friend is learning English.
nmod:poss nsubj aux obj punct root My PRON friend NOUN is AUX learning VERB English PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 4 learning nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 learning aux 4 learning learn VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 English English PROPN Number=Sing 4 learning obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 learning punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn present · progressive My friend English vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent english=Topic
Example 8 London is the capital of England.
nsubj cop det case nmod punct root London PROPN is AUX the DET capital NOUN of ADP England PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 London London PROPN Number=Sing 4 capital nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 capital cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 capital det 4 capital capital NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 England case 6 England England PROPN Number=Sing 4 capital nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 capital punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present London the capital of England tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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