envelope Who acts: envelope, you, covering, She, name, winner · What happens: be, put, post, wrap, envelop, surround · To what, where: flat paper cover, letter, envelope, covering, something, it
«envelope» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: envelope in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An envelope is a flat paper cover in which you put a letter or card before posting it.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det amod compound case obl nsubj parataxis det obj cc conj mark advcl obj punct root An DET envelope NOUN is AUX a DET flat ADJ paper NOUN cover NOUN in ADP which PRON you PRON put VERB a DET letter NOUN or CCONJ card NOUN before SCONJ posting VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 envelope det 2 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing 7 cover nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 cover cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cover det 5 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cover amod 6 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 7 cover compound 7 cover cover NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 in in ADP _ 9 which case 9 which which PRON PronType=Rel 11 put obl 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 put nsubj 11 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 cover parataxis 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 letter det 13 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 11 put obj 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 card cc 15 card card NOUN Number=Sing 13 letter conj 16 before before SCONJ _ 17 posting mark 17 posting post VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 put advcl 18 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 posting obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 7 cover punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a envelope a flat paper cover tree rules 2 put past you a letter or card a flat paper cover vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent letter=Theme in which=Destination 3 post gerund you not said here envelope vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An envelope can be any covering that wraps something, like the layer of gases around a planet.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj aux cop det nsubj acl:relcl obj punct case det obl case nmod case det nmod punct root An DET envelope NOUN can AUX be AUX any DET covering NOUN that PRON wraps VERB something PRON , PUNCT like ADP the DET layer NOUN of ADP gases NOUN around ADP a DET planet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 envelope det 2 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing 6 covering nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 covering aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 covering cop 5 any any DET PronType=Ind 6 covering det 6 covering covering NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 wraps nsubj 8 wraps wrap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 covering acl:relcl 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 wraps obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 layer punct 11 like like ADP _ 13 layer case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 layer det 13 layer layer NOUN Number=Sing 8 wraps obl 14 of of ADP _ 15 gases case 15 gases gas NOUN Number=Plur 13 layer nmod 16 around around ADP _ 18 planet case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 planet det 18 planet planet NOUN Number=Sing 15 gases nmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 covering punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can a envelope any covering tree rules 2 wrap present any covering something like the layer of gases around a planet vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Theme
Meaning 3 To envelop something is to wrap it or surround it completely.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj cc conj obj advmod punct root To PART envelop VERB something PRON is AUX to PART wrap VERB it PRON or CCONJ surround VERB it PRON completely ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 envelop mark 2 envelop envelop VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 wrap advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 envelop obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 wrap cop 5 to to PART _ 6 wrap mark 6 wrap wrap VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 wrap obj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 surround cc 9 surround surround VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 wrap conj 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 surround obj 11 completely completely ADV _ 9 surround advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 wrap punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 envelop to-infinitive something vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme 2 is present wrap property tree rules 3 surround infinitive it completely property vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme
Example 1 Put the letter in the envelope and lick the flap.
det obj case det obl cc conj det obj punct root Put VERB the DET letter NOUN in ADP the DET envelope NOUN and CCONJ lick VERB the DET flap NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 letter det 3 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 envelope case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 envelope det 6 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 lick cc 8 lick lick VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Put conj 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 flap det 10 flap flap NOUN Number=Sing 8 lick obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here the letter the envelope vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent letter=Theme in envelope=Destination 2 lick present you not said here the flap vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent flap=Theme
Example 2 Write the address clearly on the envelope.
det obj advmod case det obl punct root Write VERB the DET address NOUN clearly ADV on ADP the DET envelope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 address det 3 address address NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obj 4 clearly clearly ADV _ 1 Write advmod 5 on on ADP _ 7 envelope case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 envelope det 7 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here the address the envelope clearly property vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent address=Theme on envelope=Destination
Example 3 Stick the stamp in the top right corner of the envelope.
det obj case det amod amod obl case det nmod punct root Stick VERB the DET stamp NOUN in ADP the DET top ADJ right ADJ corner NOUN of ADP the DET envelope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stick stick VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 stamp det 3 stamp stamp NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stick obj 4 in in ADP _ 8 corner case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 corner det 6 top top ADJ Degree=Pos 8 corner amod 7 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 8 corner amod 8 corner corner NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stick obl 9 of of ADP _ 11 envelope case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 envelope det 11 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing 8 corner nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stick punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stick imperative you not said here the stamp the top right corner of the envelope vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stamp=Theme in corner=Destination
Example 4 She opened the envelope and found a birthday card.
nsubj det obj cc conj det compound obj punct root She PRON opened VERB the DET envelope NOUN and CCONJ found VERB a DET birthday NOUN card NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 opened nsubj 2 opened open VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 envelope det 4 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing 2 opened obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 found cc 6 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 opened conj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 card det 8 birthday birthday NOUN Number=Sing 9 card compound 9 card card NOUN Number=Sing 6 found obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 opened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 open past She the envelope vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location envelope=Theme 2 find past She not said here a birthday card vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Topic
Example 5 The winner's name was in a sealed envelope.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop case det amod punct root The DET winner NOUN 's PART name NOUN was AUX in ADP a DET sealed VERB envelope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 winner det 2 winner winner NOUN Number=Sing 4 name nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 winner case 4 name name NOUN Number=Sing 9 envelope nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 envelope cop 6 in in ADP _ 9 envelope case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 envelope det 8 sealed seal VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 envelope amod 9 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 envelope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 seal participle vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient 2 is past the winner's name a sealed envelope tree rules 3 name the winner nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 We did a quick sum on the back of an envelope.
nsubj det amod obj case det obl case det nmod punct root We PRON did VERB a DET quick ADJ sum NOUN on ADP the DET back NOUN of ADP an DET envelope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 did nsubj 2 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 sum det 4 quick quick ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sum amod 5 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 2 did obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 back case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 back det 8 back back NOUN Number=Sing 2 did obl 9 of of ADP _ 11 envelope case 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 envelope det 11 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing 8 back nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past We a quick sum the back of a envelope vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sum=Eventuality
Example 7 The pilot liked to push the envelope.
det nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct root The DET pilot NOUN liked VERB to PART push VERB the DET envelope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pilot det 2 pilot pilot NOUN Number=Sing 3 liked nsubj 3 liked like VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 push mark 5 push push VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 liked xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 envelope det 7 envelope envelope NOUN Number=Sing 5 push obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 liked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 like past the pilot vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 push not said to happen to-infinitive the pilot not said here the envelope vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent envelope=Theme
Example 8 The Dryad saw herself enveloped in lace and silk, like the women of wealth and of high birth around her.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj obj xcomp case obl cc conj punct case det obl case nmod cc case amod conj case nmod punct root The DET Dryad PROPN saw VERB herself PRON enveloped VERB in ADP lace NOUN and CCONJ silk NOUN , PUNCT like ADP the DET women NOUN of ADP wealth NOUN and CCONJ of ADP high ADJ birth NOUN around ADP her PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Dryad det 2 Dryad Dryad PROPN Number=Sing 3 saw nsubj 3 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 herself herself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 3 saw obj 5 enveloped envelop VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 saw xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 7 lace case 7 lace lace NOUN Number=Sing 5 enveloped obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 silk cc 9 silk silk NOUN Number=Sing 7 lace conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 women punct 11 like like ADP _ 13 women case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 women det 13 women woman NOUN Number=Plur 3 saw obl 14 of of ADP _ 15 wealth case 15 wealth wealth NOUN Number=Sing 13 women nmod 16 and and CCONJ _ 19 birth cc 17 of of ADP _ 19 birth case 18 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 19 birth amod 19 birth birth NOUN Number=Sing 15 wealth conj 20 around around ADP _ 21 her case 21 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 birth nmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 3 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past the Dryad Dryad like the women of wealth and high birth around her tree rules 2 envelop participle Dryad not said here lace and silk vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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