epiglottis Who acts: epiglottis, throat, you, food, It, air · What happens: be, close, swallow, go down, open, breathe · To what, where: small flap, back, windpipe, food, lungs, clear food
«epiglottis» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: epiglottis in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The epiglottis is a small flap at the back of your throat that closes when you swallow, so food goes down to your stomach and not into your lungs.
The tree, 29 words det nsubj cop det amod case det nmod case nmod:poss nmod nsubj acl:relcl mark nsubj advcl punct advmod nsubj parataxis advmod case nmod:poss obl cc advmod case nmod:poss conj punct root The DET epiglottis NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ flap NOUN at ADP the DET back NOUN of ADP your PRON throat NOUN that PRON closes VERB when SCONJ you PRON swallow VERB , PUNCT so ADV food NOUN goes VERB down ADV to ADP your PRON stomach NOUN and CCONJ not PART into ADP your PRON lungs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 epiglottis det 2 epiglottis epiglottis NOUN Number=Sing 6 flap nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 flap cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 flap det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 flap amod 6 flap flap NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 at at ADP _ 9 back case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 back det 9 back back NOUN Number=Sing 6 flap nmod 10 of of ADP _ 12 throat case 11 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 throat nmod:poss 12 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 9 back nmod 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 closes nsubj 14 closes close VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 throat acl:relcl 15 when when SCONJ _ 17 swallow mark 16 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 swallow nsubj 17 swallow swallow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 closes advcl 18 , , PUNCT _ 21 goes punct 19 so so ADV _ 21 goes advmod 20 food food NOUN Number=Sing 21 goes nsubj 21 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 flap parataxis 22 down down ADV _ 21 goes advmod 23 to to ADP _ 25 stomach case 24 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 25 stomach nmod:poss 25 stomach stomach NOUN Number=Sing 21 goes obl 26 and and CCONJ _ 30 lungs cc 27 not not PART Polarity=Neg 30 lungs advmod 28 into into ADP _ 30 lungs case 29 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 30 lungs nmod:poss 30 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 25 stomach conj 31 . . PUNCT _ 6 flap punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the epiglottis a small flap the back of your throat tree rules 2 close present your throat vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 swallow present you vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 go down present food to your stomach and your lungs; down property vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 It opens again when you breathe so air can reach your windpipe.
nsubj advmod mark nsubj advcl advmod nsubj aux ccomp nmod:poss obj punct root It PRON opens VERB again ADV when SCONJ you PRON breathe VERB so ADV air NOUN can AUX reach VERB your PRON windpipe NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 opens nsubj 2 opens open VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 again again ADV _ 2 opens advmod 4 when when SCONJ _ 6 breathe mark 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 breathe nsubj 6 breathe breathe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 opens advcl 7 so so ADV _ 10 reach advmod 8 air air NOUN Number=Sing 10 reach nsubj 9 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 reach aux 10 reach reach VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 breathe ccomp 11 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 windpipe nmod:poss 12 windpipe windpipe NOUN Number=Sing 10 reach obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 opens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 open present It again vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 breathe present you tree rules 3 reach can air your windpipe vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent windpipe=Theme
Example 1 The epiglottis stops food going into your lungs.
det nsubj obj acl case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET epiglottis NOUN stops VERB food NOUN going VERB into ADP your PRON lungs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 epiglottis det 2 epiglottis epiglottis NOUN Number=Sing 3 stops nsubj 3 stops stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 food food NOUN Number=Sing 3 stops obj 5 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 food acl 6 into into ADP _ 8 lungs case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 lungs nmod:poss 8 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 5 going obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 stops punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop present the epiglottis food vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality food=Eventuality 2 go gerund food not said here your lungs vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into lung=Initial_Location
Example 2 When you swallow, the epiglottis covers your windpipe.
mark nsubj advcl punct det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root When SCONJ you PRON swallow VERB , PUNCT the DET epiglottis NOUN covers VERB your PRON windpipe NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when SCONJ _ 3 swallow mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 swallow nsubj 3 swallow swallow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 covers advcl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 swallow punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 epiglottis det 6 epiglottis epiglottis NOUN Number=Sing 7 covers nsubj 7 covers cover VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 windpipe nmod:poss 9 windpipe windpipe NOUN Number=Sing 7 covers obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 covers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swallow present you vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 cover present the epiglottis your windpipe vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme windpipe=Destination
Example 3 If you laugh while eating, the epiglottis may not close in time.
mark nsubj advcl mark advcl punct det nsubj aux advmod case obl punct root If SCONJ you PRON laugh VERB while SCONJ eating VERB , PUNCT the DET epiglottis NOUN may AUX not PART close VERB in ADP time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 laugh mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 laugh nsubj 3 laugh laugh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 close advcl 4 while while SCONJ _ 5 eating mark 5 eating eat VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 laugh advcl 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 laugh punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 epiglottis det 8 epiglottis epiglottis NOUN Number=Sing 11 close nsubj 9 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 close aux 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 close advmod 11 close close VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 12 in in ADP _ 13 time case 13 time time NOUN Number=Sing 11 close obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 11 close punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 laugh a condition, not said to happen present you vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 eat gerund you not said here vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 not close may the epiglottis time vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 4 Coughing helps clear food that went down the wrong way past the epiglottis.
nsubj amod obj nsubj acl:relcl case det amod obl case det obl punct root Coughing VERB helps VERB clear ADJ food NOUN that PRON went VERB down ADP the DET wrong ADJ way NOUN past ADP the DET epiglottis NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coughing cough VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 helps nsubj 2 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 4 food amod 4 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 helps obj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 went nsubj 6 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 food acl:relcl 7 down down ADP _ 10 way case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 way det 9 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 10 way amod 10 way way NOUN Number=Sing 6 went obl 11 past past ADP _ 13 epiglottis case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 epiglottis det 13 epiglottis epiglottis NOUN Number=Sing 6 went obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cough gerund vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 help present clear food vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Beneficiary 3 go down past clear food the wrong way past the epiglottis vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient way=Extent
Example 5 We labelled the epiglottis on a diagram of the throat.
nsubj det obj case det obl case det nmod punct root We PRON labelled VERB the DET epiglottis NOUN on ADP a DET diagram NOUN of ADP the DET throat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 labelled nsubj 2 labelled label VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 epiglottis det 4 epiglottis epiglottis NOUN Number=Sing 2 labelled obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 diagram case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 diagram det 7 diagram diagram NOUN Number=Sing 2 labelled obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 throat case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 throat det 10 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 7 diagram nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 labelled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 label past We the epiglottis a diagram of the throat vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent epiglottis=Destination
Example 6 The epiglottis is made of soft cartilage.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl punct root The DET epiglottis NOUN is AUX made VERB of ADP soft ADJ cartilage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 epiglottis det 2 epiglottis epiglottis NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 cartilage case 6 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cartilage amod 7 cartilage cartilage NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive the epiglottis of soft cartilage vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 7 Don't talk with your mouth full, because your epiglottis has to choose air or food.
The tree, 16 words aux advmod case nmod:poss obl amod punct mark nmod:poss nsubj conj mark xcomp obj cc conj punct root Do AUX n't PART talk VERB with ADP your PRON mouth NOUN full ADJ , PUNCT because SCONJ your PRON epiglottis NOUN has VERB to PART choose VERB air NOUN or CCONJ food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 talk aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 talk advmod 3 talk talk VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 with with ADP _ 6 mouth case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 mouth nmod:poss 6 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 3 talk obl 7 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 6 mouth amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 has punct 9 because because SCONJ _ 12 has mark 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 epiglottis nmod:poss 11 epiglottis epiglottis NOUN Number=Sing 12 has nsubj 12 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 talk conj 13 to to PART _ 14 choose mark 14 choose choose VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 has xcomp 15 air air NOUN Number=Sing 14 choose obj 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 food cc 17 food food NOUN Number=Sing 15 air conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 talk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not talk imperative · do-support you not said here with your mouth vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with mouth=Co-Agent 2 have present your epiglottis tree rules 3 choose to-infinitive your epiglottis not said here air or food vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme
Example 8 The doctor explained the epiglottis with a model.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET doctor NOUN explained VERB the DET epiglottis NOUN with ADP a DET model NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 3 explained nsubj 3 explained explain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 epiglottis det 5 epiglottis epiglottis NOUN Number=Sing 3 explained obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 model case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 model det 8 model model NOUN Number=Sing 3 explained obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 explained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explain speech: assert past the doctor the epiglottis with a model vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent epiglottis=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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