epistle Who acts: Epistle, Paul, we, New Testament, Christians, Epistles · What happens: be, write, hear, contain, believe, teach · To what, where: one, letters, churches, long formal letter, epistle, church · Speech: someone speaks here
«epistle» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: epistle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: Bible, church — kept apart, not parsed.
An Epistle is one of the letters in the New Testament written by early Christian leaders such as Paul, Peter and John to churches or people.
The tree, 26 words det nsubj cop case det nmod case det amod nmod acl case amod amod obl:agent case fixed nmod punct conj cc conj case obl cc conj punct root An DET Epistle NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET letters NOUN in ADP the DET New ADJ Testament PROPN written VERB by ADP early ADJ Christian ADJ leaders NOUN such ADJ as ADP Paul PROPN , PUNCT Peter PROPN and CCONJ John PROPN to ADP churches NOUN or CCONJ people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 Epistle det 2 Epistle epistle NOUN Number=Sing 4 one nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 one cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 letters case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 letters det 7 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 4 one nmod 8 in in ADP _ 11 Testament case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 Testament det 10 New new ADJ Degree=Pos 11 Testament amod 11 Testament Testament PROPN Number=Sing 7 letters nmod 12 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 letters acl 13 by by ADP _ 16 leaders case 14 early early ADJ Degree=Pos 16 leaders amod 15 Christian Christian ADJ Degree=Pos 16 leaders amod 16 leaders leader NOUN Number=Plur 12 written obl:agent 17 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 19 Paul case 18 as as ADP _ 17 such fixed 19 Paul Paul PROPN Number=Sing 16 leaders nmod 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 Peter punct 21 Peter Peter PROPN Number=Sing 19 Paul conj 22 and and CCONJ _ 23 John cc 23 John John PROPN Number=Sing 19 Paul conj 24 to to ADP _ 25 churches case 25 churches church NOUN Number=Plur 12 written obl 26 or or CCONJ _ 27 people cc 27 people people NOUN Number=Plur 25 churches conj 28 . . PUNCT _ 4 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a Epistle one of the letters in the New Testament tree rules 2 write participle the letters in the New Testament not said here churches or people vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to church=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: formal or humorous — kept apart, not parsed.
An epistle is a long, formal letter.
det nsubj cop det amod punct amod punct root An DET epistle NOUN is AUX a DET long ADJ , PUNCT formal ADJ letter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 epistle det 2 epistle epistle NOUN Number=Sing 8 letter nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 letter cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 letter det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 8 letter amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 long punct 7 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 8 letter amod 8 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 letter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a epistle a long formal letter tree rules
Example 1 Paul wrote an epistle to the church in Rome.
nsubj det obj case det obl case nmod punct root Paul PROPN wrote VERB an DET epistle NOUN to ADP the DET church NOUN in ADP Rome PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Paul Paul PROPN Number=Sing 2 wrote nsubj 2 wrote write VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 epistle det 4 epistle epistle NOUN Number=Sing 2 wrote obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 church case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 church det 7 church church NOUN Number=Sing 2 wrote obl 8 in in ADP _ 9 Rome case 9 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 7 church nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 wrote punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write past Paul a epistle the church in Rome vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent epistle=Topic to church=Recipient
Example 2 In church today we heard a reading from the Epistle to the Corinthians.
case obl nmod:unmarked nsubj det obj case det obl case det obl punct root In ADP church NOUN today NOUN we PRON heard VERB a DET reading NOUN from ADP the DET Epistle NOUN to ADP the DET Corinthians PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 church case 2 church church NOUN Number=Sing 5 heard obl 3 today today NOUN Number=Sing 2 church nmod:unmarked 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 heard nsubj 5 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 reading det 7 reading reading NOUN Number=Sing 5 heard obj 8 from from ADP _ 10 Epistle case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Epistle det 10 Epistle epistle NOUN Number=Sing 5 heard obl 11 to to ADP _ 13 Corinthians case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 Corinthians det 13 Corinthians Corinthian PROPN Number=Plur 5 heard obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past we a reading church today from the Epistle; to the Corinthians vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent reading=Topic from epistle=Source
Example 3 The New Testament contains many epistles.
det amod nsubj amod obj punct root The DET New ADJ Testament PROPN contains VERB many ADJ epistles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Testament det 2 New new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 Testament amod 3 Testament Testament PROPN Number=Sing 4 contains nsubj 4 contains contain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 6 epistles amod 6 epistles epistle NOUN Number=Plur 4 contains obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 contains punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 contain present the New Testament many epistles vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot epistle=Theme
Example 4 Christians believe the Epistles teach how to live as followers of Jesus.
nsubj det nsubj ccomp advmod mark xcomp case obl case nmod punct root Christians PROPN believe VERB the DET Epistles PROPN teach VERB how ADV to PART live VERB as ADP followers NOUN of ADP Jesus PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Christians Christian PROPN Number=Plur 2 believe nsubj 2 believe believe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Epistles det 4 Epistles Epistle PROPN Number=Plur 5 teach nsubj 5 teach teach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 believe ccomp 6 how how ADV PronType=Int 8 live advmod 7 to to PART _ 8 live mark 8 live live VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 teach xcomp 9 as as ADP _ 10 followers case 10 followers follower NOUN Number=Plur 8 live obl 11 of of ADP _ 12 Jesus case 12 Jesus Jesus PROPN Number=Sing 10 followers nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 believe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 believe present Christians vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 teach speech: other present the Epistles vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 live to-infinitive the Epistles not said here as followers of Jesus vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Grandma sent me a three-page epistle about her holiday.
nsubj obj det nummod punct compound obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root Grandma NOUN sent VERB me PRON a DET three NUM - PUNCT page NOUN epistle NOUN about ADP her PRON holiday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 sent nsubj 2 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sent obj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 epistle det 5 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 page nummod 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 three punct 7 page page NOUN Number=Sing 8 epistle compound 8 epistle epistle NOUN Number=Sing 2 sent obj 9 about about ADP _ 11 holiday case 10 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 holiday nmod:poss 11 holiday holiday NOUN Number=Sing 8 epistle nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past Grandma a page epistle me vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination epistle=Theme
Example 6 The Epistle reading comes before the Gospel.
det compound nsubj case det obl punct root The DET Epistle PROPN reading NOUN comes VERB before ADP the DET Gospel PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 reading det 2 Epistle Epistle PROPN Number=Sing 3 reading compound 3 reading reading NOUN Number=Sing 4 comes nsubj 4 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 before before ADP _ 7 Gospel case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 Gospel det 7 Gospel Gospel PROPN Number=Sing 4 comes obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present the Epistle reading the Gospel vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before gospel=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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