especially Who acts: I, It, you, cake, stairs, She · What happens: mean, make, love, be, wash, eat · To what, where: more, animals, hands, stairs, horses, themselves
«especially» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: especially in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Especially means more than usual, or more than others; particularly.
advmod obj case obl punct cc conj case obl punct advmod punct root Especially ADV means VERB more ADJ than ADP usual ADJ , PUNCT or CCONJ more ADJ than ADP others NOUN ; PUNCT particularly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Especially especially ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 means obj 4 than than ADP _ 5 usual case 5 usual usual ADJ Degree=Pos 3 more obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 more punct 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 more cc 8 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 means conj 9 than than ADP _ 10 others case 10 others other NOUN Number=Plur 8 more obl 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 particularly punct 12 particularly particularly ADV _ 2 means advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present more especially, particularly property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Especially means for one special purpose or person, as in made especially for you.
The tree, 14 words advmod case nummod amod obl cc conj punct mark mark parataxis advmod case obl punct root Especially ADV means VERB for ADP one NUM special ADJ purpose NOUN or CCONJ person NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ in SCONJ made VERB especially ADV for ADP you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Especially especially ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 6 purpose case 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 purpose nummod 5 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 6 purpose amod 6 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 person cc 8 person person NOUN Number=Sing 6 purpose conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 made punct 10 as as SCONJ _ 12 made mark 11 in in SCONJ _ 12 made mark 12 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means parataxis 13 especially especially ADV _ 12 made advmod 14 for for ADP _ 15 you case 15 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 made obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present for one special purpose or person; especially property vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot for purpose=Attribute 2 make participle for you; especially property vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for you=Beneficiary
Example 1 I love animals, especially dogs.
nsubj obj punct advmod conj punct root I PRON love VERB animals NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV dogs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 love nsubj 2 love love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 2 love obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 dogs punct 5 especially especially ADV _ 6 dogs advmod 6 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 3 animals conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 love punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present I animals and dogs vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer animal=Stimulus
Example 2 It's cold, especially at night.
nsubj cop punct advmod case obl punct root It PRON 's AUX cold ADJ , PUNCT especially ADV at ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 cold nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 cold cop 3 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 night punct 5 especially especially ADV _ 7 night advmod 6 at at ADP _ 7 night case 7 night night NOUN Number=Sing 3 cold obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 cold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It night cold property tree rules
Example 3 Wash your hands, especially before you eat.
nmod:poss obj punct advmod mark nsubj advcl punct root Wash VERB your PRON hands NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV before SCONJ you PRON eat VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wash wash VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 hands nmod:poss 3 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 1 Wash obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 eat punct 5 especially especially ADV _ 8 eat advmod 6 before before SCONJ _ 8 eat mark 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 eat nsubj 8 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Wash advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wash punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wash imperative you not said here your hands vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient 2 eat present you especially property vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 This cake is especially for you.
det nsubj cop advmod case punct root This DET cake NOUN is AUX especially ADV for ADP you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 cake det 2 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 6 you nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 you cop 4 especially especially ADV _ 6 you advmod 5 for for ADP _ 6 you case 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 you punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present this cake for you; especially property tree rules
Example 5 Be careful on the stairs, especially when they're wet.
cop csubj case det obl punct advmod advmod nsubj cop punct root Be AUX careful ADJ on ADP the DET stairs NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV when ADV they PRON 're AUX wet ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 2 careful cop 2 careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos 11 wet csubj 3 on on ADP _ 5 stairs case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 stairs det 5 stairs stair NOUN Number=Plur 2 careful obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 11 wet punct 7 especially especially ADV _ 11 wet advmod 8 when when ADV PronType=Int 11 wet advmod 9 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 wet nsubj 10 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 wet cop 11 wet wet ADJ Degree=Pos root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 wet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is infinitive the stairs careful property tree rules 2 is present stairs = stair especially, wet property tree rules
Example 6 She is especially good at drawing horses.
nsubj cop advmod mark advcl obj punct root She PRON is AUX especially ADV good ADJ at SCONJ drawing VERB horses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 good nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 good cop 3 especially especially ADV _ 4 good advmod 4 good good ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 at at SCONJ _ 6 drawing mark 6 drawing draw VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 good advcl 7 horses horse NOUN Number=Plur 6 drawing obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 good punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present She especially, good property tree rules 2 draw gerund She not said here horses vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme
Example 7 Bees are especially busy in summer.
nsubj cop advmod case obl punct root Bees NOUN are AUX especially ADV busy ADJ in ADP summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bees bee NOUN Number=Plur 4 busy nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 busy cop 3 especially especially ADV _ 4 busy advmod 4 busy busy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 summer case 6 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 4 busy obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 busy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Bees summer busy, especially property tree rules
Example 8 They give themselves great airs, especially the ibis.
nsubj obj amod obj punct advmod det conj punct root They PRON give VERB themselves PRON great ADJ airs NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV the DET ibis NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 give nsubj 2 give give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 themselves themselves PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 give obj 4 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 5 airs amod 5 airs air NOUN Number=Plur 2 give obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 ibis punct 7 especially especially ADV _ 9 ibis advmod 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 ibis det 9 ibis ibis NOUN Number=Sing 5 airs conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present They themselves = they vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Recipient air=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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