essay Who acts: essay, his, you, history essay, My, She · What happens: be, write, try, essay, have, get · To what, where: short piece, one subject, attempt, painting, essay, three paragraphs
«essay» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: essay in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An essay is a short piece of writing on one subject, written by a pupil or a writer.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det amod case nmod case nummod nmod punct parataxis case det obl cc det conj punct root An DET essay NOUN is AUX a DET short ADJ piece NOUN of ADP writing NOUN on ADP one NUM subject NOUN , PUNCT written VERB by ADP a DET pupil NOUN or CCONJ a DET writer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 essay det 2 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 6 piece nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 piece cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 piece det 5 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 6 piece amod 6 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 writing case 8 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 6 piece nmod 9 on on ADP _ 11 subject case 10 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 subject nummod 11 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing 6 piece nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 written punct 13 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 piece parataxis 14 by by ADP _ 16 pupil case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 pupil det 16 pupil pupil NOUN Number=Sing 13 written obl 17 or or CCONJ _ 19 writer cc 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 writer det 19 writer writer NOUN Number=Sing 16 pupil conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 piece punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a essay a short piece one subject of writing tree rules 2 write participle by a pupil or a writer vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: formal, rare — kept apart, not parsed.
An essay is an attempt or try: «his first essay into painting».
The tree, 12 words det nsubj cop det cc conj punct punct nmod:poss amod parataxis case nmod punct punct root An DET essay NOUN is AUX an DET attempt NOUN or CCONJ try VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT his PRON first ADJ essay NOUN into ADP painting NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 essay det 2 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 5 attempt nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 attempt cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 attempt det 5 attempt attempt NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 try cc 7 try try VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 attempt conj 8 : : PUNCT _ 5 attempt punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 12 essay punct 10 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 essay nmod:poss 11 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 12 essay amod 12 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 5 attempt parataxis 13 into into ADP _ 14 painting case 14 painting painting NOUN Number=Sing 12 essay nmod 15 » » PUNCT _ 12 essay punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 attempt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a essay a attempt tree rules 2 try infinitive a essay not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 3 essay in a quote his = he painting nom essay «communication transitive»: poss=agent into=place
Example 1 Write an essay about your summer holiday.
det obj case nmod:poss compound nmod punct root Write VERB an DET essay NOUN about ADP your PRON summer NOUN holiday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 essay det 3 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obj 4 about about ADP _ 7 holiday case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 holiday nmod:poss 6 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 7 holiday compound 7 holiday holiday NOUN Number=Sing 3 essay nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here a essay about your summer holiday vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent essay=Recipient about holiday=Topic
Example 2 My history essay is due on Friday.
nmod:poss compound nsubj cop case obl punct root My PRON history NOUN essay NOUN is AUX due ADJ on ADP Friday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 essay nmod:poss 2 history history NOUN Number=Sing 3 essay compound 3 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 5 due nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 due cop 5 due due ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 on on ADP _ 7 Friday case 7 Friday Friday PROPN Number=Sing 5 due obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 due punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present My history essay friday due property tree rules 2 essay My nom essay «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 The essay has three paragraphs.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET essay NOUN has VERB three NUM paragraphs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 essay det 2 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 paragraphs nummod 5 paragraphs paragraph NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the essay three paragraphs vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paragraph=Patient
Example 4 Each essay must be at least 300 words; you have 180 — how many more?
The tree, 14 words det nsubj aux cop case nmod nummod nmod punct nsubj obj punct advmod amod obj punct root Each DET essay NOUN must AUX be AUX at ADP least ADJ 300 NUM words NOUN ; PUNCT you PRON have VERB 180 NUM — PUNCT how ADV many ADJ more ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 essay det 2 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 11 have nsubj 3 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 words aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 words cop 5 at at ADP _ 6 least case 6 least least ADJ Degree=Sup 7 300 nmod 7 300 300 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 words nummod 8 words word NOUN Number=Plur 2 essay nmod 9 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 have punct 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 have nsubj 11 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 180 180 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 have obj 13 — - PUNCT _ 11 have punct 14 how how ADV PronType=Int 15 many advmod 15 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 16 more amod 16 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 11 have obj 17 ? ? PUNCT _ 11 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a must 300 words tree rules 2 have present each essay 180 tree rules
Example 5 She got top marks for her essay.
nsubj amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root She PRON got VERB top ADJ marks NOUN for ADP her PRON essay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 got nsubj 2 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 top top ADJ Degree=Pos 4 marks amod 4 marks mark NOUN Number=Plur 2 got obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 essay case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 essay nmod:poss 7 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past She top marks for her essay vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent mark=Theme for essay=Source 2 essay her = she nom essay «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 The exam has one essay question.
det nsubj nummod compound obj punct root The DET exam NOUN has VERB one NUM essay NOUN question NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 exam det 2 exam exam NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 question nummod 5 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 6 question compound 6 question question NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the exam one essay question vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent question=Patient
Example 7 Having made their essay they grew careless.
aux nmod:poss obj nsubj acl:relcl xcomp punct root Having AUX made VERB their PRON essay NOUN they PRON grew VERB careless ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Having have AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 made aux 2 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 essay nmod:poss 4 essay essay NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obj 5 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 grew nsubj 6 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 essay acl:relcl 7 careless careless ADJ Degree=Pos 6 grew xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make gerund · perfect their essay vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset essay=Product 2 grow past they their essay not said here careless property vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location essay=Theme 3 essay their = they nom essay «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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