evolution Who acts: Evolution, phones, Darwin, finches, whales, cars · What happens: be, develop, evolve, study, explain, come · To what, where: one generation, anything, evolution, theory · Speech: someone speaks here
«evolution» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: evolution in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Evolution is how living things change over a very long time, from one generation to the next.
The tree, 17 words nsubj cop advmod amod nsubj case det advmod amod obl punct case nummod obl case det nmod punct root Evolution NOUN is AUX how ADV living ADJ things NOUN change VERB over ADP a DET very ADV long ADJ time NOUN , PUNCT from ADP one NUM generation NOUN to ADP the DET next ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 6 change nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 change cop 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 6 change advmod 4 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 5 things amod 5 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 6 change nsubj 6 change change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 over over ADP _ 11 time case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 time det 9 very very ADV _ 10 long advmod 10 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 11 time amod 11 time time NOUN Number=Sing 6 change obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 generation punct 13 from from ADP _ 15 generation case 14 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 generation nummod 15 generation generation NOUN Number=Sing 6 change obl 16 to to ADP _ 18 next case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 next det 18 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 15 generation nmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Evolution from one generation to the next; time change property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The slow change and development of anything: the evolution of phones.
det amod cc conj case nmod punct det conj case nmod punct root The DET slow ADJ change NOUN and CCONJ development NOUN of ADP anything PRON : PUNCT the DET evolution NOUN of ADP phones NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 change det 2 slow slow ADJ Degree=Pos 3 change amod 3 change change NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 development cc 5 development development NOUN Number=Sing 3 change conj 6 of of ADP _ 7 anything case 7 anything anything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 development nmod 8 : : PUNCT _ 10 evolution punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 evolution det 10 evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 7 anything conj 11 of of ADP _ 12 phones case 12 phones phone NOUN Number=Plur 10 evolution nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 develop anything nom development «act transitive»: of=patient 2 evolve phones nom evolution «process intransitive»: of=agent
Example 1 Darwin studied the evolution of finches.
nsubj det obj case nmod punct root Darwin PROPN studied VERB the DET evolution NOUN of ADP finches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Darwin Darwin PROPN Number=Sing 2 studied nsubj 2 studied study VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 evolution det 4 evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 2 studied obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 finches case 6 finches finch NOUN Number=Plur 4 evolution nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 studied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 study past Darwin the evolution of finches vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evolution=Topic 2 evolve finches nom evolution «process intransitive»: of=agent
Example 2 Evolution explains how whales came from land animals.
nsubj advmod nsubj ccomp case compound obl punct root Evolution NOUN explains VERB how ADV whales NOUN came VERB from ADP land NOUN animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 2 explains nsubj 2 explains explain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 5 came advmod 4 whales whale NOUN Number=Plur 5 came nsubj 5 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 explains ccomp 6 from from ADP _ 8 animals case 7 land land NOUN Number=Sing 8 animals compound 8 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 5 came obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 explains punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explain speech: assert present Evolution vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 come past whales from land animals vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from animal=Initial_Location
Example 3 The evolution of cars has been fast.
det nsubj case nmod aux advmod punct root The DET evolution NOUN of ADP cars NOUN has AUX been VERB fast ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 evolution det 2 evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 6 been nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 cars case 4 cars car NOUN Number=Plur 2 evolution nmod 5 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 been aux 6 been be VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 7 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 6 been advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 been punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present · perfect the evolution of cars fast property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 evolve cars nom evolution «process intransitive»: of=agent
Example 4 Fossils show evolution over time.
nsubj obj case obl punct root Fossils NOUN show VERB evolution NOUN over ADP time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fossils fossil NOUN Number=Plur 2 show nsubj 2 show show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 2 show obj 4 over over ADP _ 5 time case 5 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 show obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present Fossils evolution time vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent evolution=Recipient
Example 5 Many Christians believe God works through evolution.
amod nsubj nsubj ccomp case obl punct root Many ADJ Christians PROPN believe VERB God PROPN works VERB through ADP evolution NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 Christians amod 2 Christians Christian PROPN Number=Plur 3 believe nsubj 3 believe believe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 God God PROPN Number=Sing 5 works nsubj 5 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 believe ccomp 6 through through ADP _ 7 evolution case 7 evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 5 works obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 believe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 believe present Many Christians vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 work present God evolution vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The theory of evolution was put forward by Charles Darwin.
det nsubj:pass case nmod aux:pass advmod case obl:agent flat punct root The DET theory NOUN of ADP evolution NOUN was AUX put VERB forward ADV by ADP Charles PROPN Darwin PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 theory det 2 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 6 put nsubj:pass 3 of of ADP _ 4 evolution case 4 evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 2 theory nmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 put aux:pass 6 put put VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 forward forward ADV _ 6 put advmod 8 by by ADP _ 9 Charles case 9 Charles Charles PROPN Number=Sing 6 put obl:agent 10 Darwin Darwin PROPN Number=Sing 9 Charles flat 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put forward past · passive Charles the theory of evolution forward property vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent subject=Goal
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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