except Who acts: Except, Everyone, Tom, that, I, 30 children · What happens: mean, not include, leave out, go, not go, come · To what, where: fact, trip, sweets, 3 km, party, fruits · Speech: someone speaks here
«except» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: except in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Except means not including; leaving out. «Everyone except Tom went» means Tom did not go.
Sentence 1: Except means not including; leaving out.
nsubj advmod ccomp punct conj compound:prt punct root Except PROPN means VERB not PART including VERB ; PUNCT leaving VERB out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Except Except PROPN _ 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 including advmod 4 including include VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means ccomp 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 6 leaving punct 6 leaving leave VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 means conj 7 out out ADP _ 6 leaving compound:prt 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Except vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 not include gerund vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 leave out gerund Except not said here vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: «Everyone except Tom went» means Tom did not go.
punct nsubj case nmod nsubj punct nsubj aux advmod ccomp punct root « PUNCT Everyone PRON except ADP Tom PROPN went VERB » PUNCT means VERB Tom PROPN did AUX not PART go VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 went punct 2 Everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 5 went nsubj 3 except except ADP _ 4 Tom case 4 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 2 Everyone nmod 5 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 means nsubj 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 went punct 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 11 go nsubj 9 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 go aux 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 go advmod 11 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 means ccomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go in a quote past Everyone vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 not go past · do-support Tom vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 2 Except that means but, apart from the fact that: «I'd come, except that I'm ill».
The tree, 17 words case nsubj cc punct advmod case det conj mark punct punct nsubj aux acl punct mark mark nsubj cop advcl punct punct root Except ADP that PRON means VERB but CCONJ , PUNCT apart ADV from ADP the DET fact NOUN that SCONJ : PUNCT « PUNCT I PRON 'd AUX come VERB , PUNCT except ADP that SCONJ I PRON 'm AUX ill ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Except except ADP _ 2 that case 2 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 but but CCONJ _ 9 fact cc 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 fact punct 6 apart apart ADV _ 9 fact advmod 7 from from ADP _ 9 fact case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 fact det 9 fact fact NOUN Number=Sing 3 means conj 10 that that SCONJ _ 15 come mark 11 : : PUNCT _ 10 that punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 15 come punct 13 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 15 come nsubj 14 'd would AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 come aux 15 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 fact acl 16 , , PUNCT _ 21 ill punct 17 except except ADP _ 21 ill mark 18 that that SCONJ _ 21 ill mark 19 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 21 ill nsubj 20 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 ill cop 21 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 15 come advcl 22 » » PUNCT _ 21 ill punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present that vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 come in a quote would I the fact not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location fact=Theme 3 is in a quote present I ill property tree rules
Example 1 All except 4 of the 30 children went on the trip.
nsubj case obl case det nummod nsubj case det obl punct root All DET except ADP 4 NUM of ADP the DET 30 NUM children NOUN went VERB on ADP the DET trip NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 3 4 nsubj 2 except except ADP _ 3 4 case 3 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 went obl 4 of of ADP _ 7 children case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 children det 6 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 children nummod 7 children child NOUN Number=Plur 8 went nsubj 8 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 on on ADP _ 11 trip case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 trip det 11 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 8 went obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past the 30 children the trip except 4 vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on trip=Location
Example 2 She ate all the sweets except 5.
nsubj det:predet det obj case obl punct root She PRON ate VERB all DET the DET sweets NOUN except ADP 5 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 ate nsubj 2 ate eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 sweets det:predet 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sweets det 5 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 2 ate obj 6 except except ADP _ 7 5 case 7 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 ate obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 ate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat past She all sweets except 5 vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sweet=Patient
Example 3 Every day except Sunday he runs 3 km.
det obl:unmarked case nmod nsubj nummod obj punct root Every DET day NOUN except ADP Sunday PROPN he PRON runs VERB 3 NUM km NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 2 day det 2 day day NOUN Number=Sing 6 runs obl:unmarked 3 except except ADP _ 4 Sunday case 4 Sunday Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 2 day nmod 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 runs nsubj 6 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 km nummod 8 km km NOUN Number=Sing 6 runs obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 runs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run present he 3 km day vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme km=Trajectory
Example 4 All the boxes except one are full.
det:predet det nsubj case nmod cop punct root All DET the DET boxes NOUN except ADP one NUM are AUX full ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 3 boxes det:predet 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 boxes det 3 boxes box NOUN Number=Plur 7 full nsubj 4 except except ADP _ 5 one case 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 boxes nmod 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 full cop 7 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present all boxes except one full property tree rules
Example 5 The shop is open every day except Monday.
det nsubj cop det obl:unmarked case nmod punct root The DET shop NOUN is AUX open ADJ every DET day NOUN except ADP Monday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shop det 2 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 4 open nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 open cop 4 open open ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 every every DET PronType=Tot 6 day det 6 day day NOUN Number=Sing 4 open obl:unmarked 7 except except ADP _ 8 Monday case 8 Monday Monday PROPN Number=Sing 6 day nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 open punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the shop day open property tree rules
Example 6 Everyone came to the party except Ali, who was ill.
nsubj case det obl case nmod punct nsubj cop acl:relcl punct root Everyone PRON came VERB to ADP the DET party NOUN except ADP Ali PROPN , PUNCT who PRON was AUX ill ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 2 came nsubj 2 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 5 party case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 party det 5 party party NOUN Number=Sing 2 came obl 6 except except ADP _ 7 Ali case 7 Ali Ali PROPN Number=Sing 5 party nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 ill punct 9 who who PRON PronType=Rel 11 ill nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 ill cop 11 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 7 Ali acl:relcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past Everyone the party except Ali vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to party=Initial_Location 2 is past Ali ill property tree rules
Example 7 I like all fruits except bananas.
nsubj det obj case nmod punct root I PRON like VERB all DET fruits NOUN except ADP bananas NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 like nsubj 2 like like VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 all all DET PronType=Tot 4 fruits det 4 fruits fruit NOUN Number=Plur 2 like obj 5 except except ADP _ 6 bananas case 6 bananas banana NOUN Number=Plur 4 fruits nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 like punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 like present I all fruits except bananas vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot fruit=Theme
Example 8 The room was silent except for the ticking clock.
det nsubj cop case case det compound obl punct root The DET room NOUN was AUX silent ADJ except ADP for ADP the DET ticking NOUN clock NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 room det 2 room room NOUN Number=Sing 4 silent nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 silent cop 4 silent silent ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 except except ADP _ 9 clock case 6 for for ADP _ 9 clock case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 clock det 8 ticking ticking NOUN Number=Sing 9 clock compound 9 clock clock NOUN Number=Sing 4 silent obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 silent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the room except the ticking clock; silent property tree rules
Example 9 All children, except one, grow up.
det nsubj punct case appos punct compound:prt punct root All DET children NOUN , PUNCT except ADP one NUM , PUNCT grow VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 2 children det 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 7 grow nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 one punct 4 except except ADP _ 5 one case 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 children appos 6 , , PUNCT _ 2 children punct 7 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 up up ADP _ 7 grow compound:prt 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow up present all children vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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