exception Who acts: exception, that, you, Everyone, Children, -s · What happens: be, not follow, make, allow, not allow, take · To what, where: thing, usual rule, exception, something, party, Tom · Speech: someone speaks here
«exception» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: exception in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An exception is a thing or person that does not follow the usual rule or pattern.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det cc conj nsubj aux advmod parataxis det amod obj cc conj punct root An DET exception NOUN is AUX a DET thing NOUN or CCONJ person NOUN that PRON does AUX not PART follow VERB the DET usual ADJ rule NOUN or CCONJ pattern NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 exception det 2 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 5 thing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 thing cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 thing det 5 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 person cc 7 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 thing conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 follow nsubj 9 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 follow aux 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 follow advmod 11 follow follow VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 thing parataxis 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 rule det 13 usual usual ADJ Degree=Pos 14 rule amod 14 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 11 follow obj 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 pattern cc 16 pattern pattern NOUN Number=Sing 14 rule conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a exception a thing or person tree rules 2 not follow present · do-support that the usual rule or pattern vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 If you make an exception, you allow something that is not usually allowed.
The tree, 13 words mark nsubj advcl det obj punct nsubj obj nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod advmod acl:relcl punct root If SCONJ you PRON make VERB an DET exception NOUN , PUNCT you PRON allow VERB something PRON that PRON is AUX not PART usually ADV allowed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 make mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 make nsubj 3 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 allow advcl 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 exception det 5 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 3 make obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 make punct 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 allow nsubj 8 allow allow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 allow obj 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 allowed nsubj:pass 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 allowed aux:pass 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 allowed advmod 13 usually usually ADV _ 14 allowed advmod 14 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 something acl:relcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 allow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make a condition, not said to happen present you a exception vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent exception=Product 2 allow present you something vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Beneficiary 3 not allow present · passive usually property vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
Meaning 3 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
To take exception to something is to be offended by it or object to it.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl obj case obl aux:pass mark aux:pass case obl cc conj case nmod punct root To PART take VERB exception NOUN to ADP something PRON is AUX to PART be AUX offended VERB by ADP it PRON or CCONJ object NOUN to ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 take mark 2 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 offended advcl 3 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 2 take obj 4 to to ADP _ 5 something case 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 take obl 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 offended aux:pass 7 to to PART _ 9 offended mark 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 offended aux:pass 9 offended offend VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 by by ADP _ 11 it case 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 offended obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 object cc 13 object object NOUN Number=Sing 9 offended conj 14 to to ADP _ 15 it case 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 object nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 9 offended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take to-infinitive exception something vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent exception=Theme to something=Destination 2 offend present · passive by exception vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»
Example 1 Everyone came to the party, with the exception of Tom.
nsubj case det obl punct case det conj case nmod punct root Everyone PRON came VERB to ADP the DET party NOUN , PUNCT with ADP the DET exception NOUN of ADP Tom PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 2 came nsubj 2 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 5 party case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 party det 5 party party NOUN Number=Sing 2 came obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 exception punct 7 with with ADP _ 9 exception case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 exception det 9 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 2 came conj 10 of of ADP _ 11 Tom case 11 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 9 exception nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past Everyone the party vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to party=Initial_Location 2 except Tom nom exception «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 «Children» is an exception to the rule of adding -s for plurals.
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj punct cop det case det nmod mark acl obj case obl punct root « PUNCT Children NOUN » PUNCT is AUX an DET exception NOUN to ADP the DET rule NOUN of SCONJ adding VERB -s NOUN for ADP plurals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Children punct 2 Children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 exception nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Children punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 exception cop 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 exception det 6 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 to to ADP _ 9 rule case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 rule det 9 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 6 exception nmod 10 of of SCONJ _ 11 adding mark 11 adding add VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 rule acl 12 -s - NOUN Number=Plur 11 adding obj 13 for for ADP _ 14 plurals case 14 plurals plural NOUN Number=Plur 11 adding obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 exception punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Children a exception to the rule tree rules 2 add speech: assert gerund -s the rule not said here for plurals vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient
Example 3 Mum usually says no sweets, but she made an exception today.
nsubj advmod det obj punct cc nsubj ccomp det obj obl:unmarked punct root Mum NOUN usually ADV says VERB no DET sweets NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ she PRON made VERB an DET exception NOUN today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 2 usually usually ADV _ 3 says advmod 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 sweets det 5 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 3 says obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 made punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 9 made cc 8 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 made nsubj 9 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 says ccomp 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 exception det 11 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 9 made obj 12 today today NOUN Number=Sing 9 made obl:unmarked 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Mum no sweets usually property tree rules 2 make past Mum a exception today vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent exception=Product
Example 4 All the pupils, without exception, finished the test.
det:predet det nsubj punct case conj punct det obj punct root All DET the DET pupils NOUN , PUNCT without ADP exception NOUN , PUNCT finished VERB the DET test NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 3 pupils det:predet 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 pupils det 3 pupils pupil NOUN Number=Plur 8 finished nsubj 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 exception punct 5 without without ADP _ 6 exception case 6 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 3 pupils conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 3 pupils punct 8 finished finish VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 test det 10 test test NOUN Number=Sing 8 finished obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 finished punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 finish past all pupils and exception the test vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector test=Eventuality
Example 5 All even numbers except 2 are not prime — 2 is the exception.
det advmod nsubj case nmod cop advmod punct nummod cop det conj punct root All DET even ADV numbers NOUN except ADP 2 NUM are AUX not PART prime ADJ — PUNCT 2 NUM is AUX the DET exception NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 3 numbers det 2 even even ADV _ 3 numbers advmod 3 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 8 prime nsubj 4 except except ADP _ 5 2 case 5 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 numbers nmod 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 prime cop 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 prime advmod 8 prime prime ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 — - PUNCT _ 13 exception punct 10 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 13 exception nummod 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 exception cop 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 exception det 13 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 8 prime conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 prime punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is present all numbers except 2 prime property tree rules 2 is a present all numbers except 2 not said here the 2 exception tree rules
Example 6 Most birds can fly; penguins are an exception.
amod nsubj aux punct nsubj cop det conj punct root Most ADJ birds NOUN can AUX fly VERB ; PUNCT penguins NOUN are AUX an DET exception NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 2 birds amod 2 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 4 fly nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 fly aux 4 fly fly VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 exception punct 6 penguins penguin NOUN Number=Plur 9 exception nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 exception cop 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 exception det 9 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 4 fly conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 fly punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly can Most birds vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is a present penguins a exception tree rules
Example 7 The headteacher took exception to the rude remark. (formal)
Sentence 1: The headteacher took exception to the rude remark.
det nsubj obj case det amod obl punct root The DET headteacher NOUN took VERB exception NOUN to ADP the DET rude ADJ remark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 headteacher det 2 headteacher headteacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 took nsubj 3 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obj 5 to to ADP _ 8 remark case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 remark det 7 rude rude ADJ Degree=Pos 8 remark amod 8 remark remark NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past the headteacher exception the rude remark vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent exception=Theme to remark=Destination
Sentence 2: (formal)
punct punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 formal punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 8 Bagheera killed right and left as he felt hungry, and so did Mowgli--with one exception.
The tree, 16 words nsubj xcomp cc conj mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct cc advmod parataxis obj punct case nummod conj punct root Bagheera PROPN killed VERB right ADJ and CCONJ left VERB as SCONJ he PRON felt VERB hungry ADJ , PUNCT and CCONJ so ADV did VERB Mowgli PROPN -- PUNCT with ADP one NUM exception NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bagheera Bagheera PROPN Number=Sing 2 killed nsubj 2 killed kill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 2 killed xcomp 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 left cc 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 right conj 6 as as SCONJ _ 8 felt mark 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 felt nsubj 8 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 left advcl 9 hungry hungry ADJ Degree=Pos 8 felt xcomp 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 did punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 did cc 12 so so ADV _ 13 did advmod 13 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 killed parataxis 14 Mowgli Mowgli PROPN Number=Sing 13 did obj 15 -- -- PUNCT _ 18 exception punct 16 with with ADP _ 18 exception case 17 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 18 exception nummod 18 exception exception NOUN Number=Sing 13 did conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 killed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 kill past Bagheera right property vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 leave participle Bagheera not said here vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 feel past Bagheera hungry property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 4 do past Mowgli vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mowgli=Eventuality
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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