extinguishing Who acts: light, Firefighters, We, fire blanket, you, Mum · What happens: put out, stop, burn, extinguish, end, destroy · To what, where: fire, campfire, something, hope, forest fire, small pan fire
«extinguishing» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: extinguishing in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Putting out a fire or a light so it stops burning: extinguishing the campfire.
The tree, 14 words csubj compound:prt det obj cc det conj advmod nsubj xcomp punct conj det obj punct root Putting VERB out ADP a DET fire NOUN or CCONJ a DET light NOUN so ADV it PRON stops VERB burning VERB : PUNCT extinguishing VERB the DET campfire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Putting put VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 stops csubj 2 out out ADP _ 1 Putting compound:prt 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 fire det 4 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 1 Putting obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 7 light cc 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 light det 7 light light NOUN Number=Sing 4 fire conj 8 so so ADV _ 10 stops advmod 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 stops nsubj 10 stops stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 burning burn VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 stops xcomp 12 : : PUNCT _ 13 extinguishing punct 13 extinguishing extinguish VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 burning conj 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 campfire det 15 campfire campfire NOUN Number=Sing 13 extinguishing obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 10 stops punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put out gerund a fire or a light vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent fire=Goal 2 stop present light vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 3 burn gerund light not said here vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 extinguish gerund light not said here the campfire vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent campfire=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Ending or destroying something completely: extinguishing all hope.
cc conj obj advmod punct conj det obj punct root Ending VERB or CCONJ destroying VERB something PRON completely ADV : PUNCT extinguishing VERB all DET hope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ending end VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 or or CCONJ _ 3 destroying cc 3 destroying destroy VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Ending conj 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 destroying obj 5 completely completely ADV _ 3 destroying advmod 6 : : PUNCT _ 7 extinguishing punct 7 extinguishing extinguish VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Ending conj 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 9 hope det 9 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 7 extinguishing obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Ending punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 end gerund vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 2 destroy gerund something completely property vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 3 extinguish gerund all hope vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hope=Patient
Example 1 Firefighters spent hours extinguishing the forest fire.
nsubj obj advcl det compound obj punct root Firefighters NOUN spent VERB hours NOUN extinguishing VERB the DET forest NOUN fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Firefighters firefighter NOUN Number=Plur 2 spent nsubj 2 spent spend VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 2 spent obj 4 extinguishing extinguish VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 spent advcl 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 fire det 6 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 7 fire compound 7 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 4 extinguishing obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 spent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spend past Firefighters hour vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 extinguish gerund Firefighters not said here the forest fire vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient
Example 2 We were extinguishing the campfire with buckets of water.
nsubj aux det obj case obl case nmod punct root We PRON were AUX extinguishing VERB the DET campfire NOUN with ADP buckets NOUN of ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 extinguishing nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 extinguishing aux 3 extinguishing extinguish VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 campfire det 5 campfire campfire NOUN Number=Sing 3 extinguishing obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 buckets case 7 buckets bucket NOUN Number=Plur 3 extinguishing obl 8 of of ADP _ 9 water case 9 water water NOUN Number=Sing 7 buckets nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 extinguishing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 extinguish past · progressive We the campfire with buckets of water vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent campfire=Patient with bucket=Instrument
Example 3 A fire blanket helps in extinguishing a small pan fire.
det compound nsubj mark advcl det amod compound obj punct root A DET fire NOUN blanket NOUN helps VERB in SCONJ extinguishing VERB a DET small ADJ pan NOUN fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 blanket det 2 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 blanket compound 3 blanket blanket NOUN Number=Sing 4 helps nsubj 4 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 in in SCONJ _ 6 extinguishing mark 6 extinguishing extinguish VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 helps advcl 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 fire det 8 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 10 fire amod 9 pan pan NOUN Number=Sing 10 fire compound 10 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 6 extinguishing obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present a fire blanket vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 extinguish gerund a fire blanket not said here a small pan fire vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient
Example 4 Never use water for extinguishing an oil fire.
advmod obj mark advcl det compound obj punct root Never ADV use VERB water NOUN for SCONJ extinguishing VERB an DET oil NOUN fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 use advmod 2 use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 use obj 4 for for SCONJ _ 5 extinguishing mark 5 extinguishing extinguish VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 use advcl 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 fire det 7 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 8 fire compound 8 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 5 extinguishing obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not use imperative you not said here water vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient 2 extinguish gerund you not said here a oil fire vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient
Example 5 Extinguishing the candles, Mum turned on the lights.
advcl det obj punct nsubj case det obl punct root Extinguishing VERB the DET candles NOUN , PUNCT Mum PROPN turned VERB on ADP the DET lights NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Extinguishing extinguish VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 turned advcl 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 candles det 3 candles candle NOUN Number=Plur 1 Extinguishing obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 1 Extinguishing punct 5 Mum Mum PROPN Number=Sing 6 turned nsubj 6 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 on on ADP _ 9 lights case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 lights det 9 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 6 turned obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 extinguish gerund Mum not said here the candles vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent candle=Patient 2 turn past Mum the lights vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on light=Trajectory
Example 6 The bad news was extinguishing all our hope.
det amod nsubj aux det:predet nmod:poss obj punct root The DET bad ADJ news NOUN was AUX extinguishing VERB all DET our PRON hope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 news det 2 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 3 news amod 3 news news NOUN Number=Sing 5 extinguishing nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 extinguishing aux 5 extinguishing extinguish VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 all all DET PronType=Tot 8 hope det:predet 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 hope nmod:poss 8 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 5 extinguishing obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 extinguishing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 extinguish past · progressive the bad news our hope vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hope=Patient 2 hope our nom hope «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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