fallen Who acts: Fallen form, adjective, It, soldiers, cup, apple · What happens: fall, be, use, have, describe, drop · To what, where: Fallen form, fall, something, ground, soldiers, love · Speech: someone speaks here
«fallen» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: fallen in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Fallen is the form of fall used after has, have, had or be.
The tree, 13 words amod cop det nsubj case nmod acl mark advcl punct punct parataxis cc conj punct root Fallen VERB is AUX the DET form NOUN of ADP fall NOUN used VERB after SCONJ has VERB , PUNCT have VERB , PUNCT had VERB or CCONJ be VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 form amod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 form cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 form det 4 form form NOUN Number=Sing 11 have nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 6 fall case 6 fall fall NOUN Number=Sing 4 form nmod 7 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 fall acl 8 after after SCONJ _ 9 has mark 9 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 used advcl 10 , , PUNCT _ 4 form punct 11 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 had punct 13 had have VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 have parataxis 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 be cc 15 be be VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 had conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 11 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall participle vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is a present the Fallen form of fall tree rules 3 use participle fall not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 have present vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 5 have present the Fallen form vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 6 have participle vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 7 be infinitive vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
The cup has fallen.
det nsubj aux punct root The DET cup NOUN has AUX fallen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cup det 2 cup cup NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen nsubj 3 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fallen aux 4 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 fallen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall present · perfect the cup vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 2 As an adjective, it describes something that has dropped to the ground, like fallen leaves or a fallen tree.
The tree, 19 words case det obl punct nsubj obj nsubj aux acl:relcl case det obl punct case amod obl cc det amod conj punct root As ADP an DET adjective NOUN , PUNCT it PRON describes VERB something PRON that PRON has AUX dropped VERB to ADP the DET ground NOUN , PUNCT like ADP fallen VERB leaves NOUN or CCONJ a DET fallen VERB tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 adjective case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 adjective det 3 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 6 describes obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 describes nsubj 6 describes describe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 describes obj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 dropped nsubj 9 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 dropped aux 10 dropped drop VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 7 something acl:relcl 11 to to ADP _ 13 ground case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 ground det 13 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 10 dropped obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 leaves punct 15 like like ADP _ 17 leaves case 16 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 leaves amod 17 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 10 dropped obl 18 or or CCONJ _ 21 tree cc 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 tree det 20 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 21 tree amod 21 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 17 leaves conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 describes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe present adjective something as a adjective vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent something=Theme as adjective=Attribute 2 drop present · perfect the ground like fallen leaves or a fallen tree vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to ground=Trajectory 3 fall participle vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 fall participle vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 It can describe soldiers who died in a war: the fallen.
nsubj aux obj nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct det advcl punct root It PRON can AUX describe VERB soldiers NOUN who PRON died VERB in ADP a DET war NOUN : PUNCT the DET fallen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 describe nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 describe aux 3 describe describe VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 3 describe obj 5 who who PRON PronType=Rel 6 died nsubj 6 died die VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 soldiers acl:relcl 7 in in ADP _ 9 war case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 war det 9 war war NOUN Number=Sing 6 died obl 10 : : PUNCT _ 12 fallen punct 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 fallen det 12 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 describe advcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 describe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe can It soldiers vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent soldier=Theme 2 die past soldiers in a war vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in war=Attribute 3 fall participle vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 Fallen in love means having come to love someone deeply.
csubj case obl ccomp xcomp mark xcomp obj advmod punct root Fallen VERB in ADP love NOUN means VERB having VERB come VERB to PART love VERB someone PRON deeply ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 means csubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 love case 3 love love NOUN Number=Sing 1 Fallen obl 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means ccomp 6 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 having xcomp 7 to to PART _ 8 love mark 8 love love VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 come xcomp 9 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 love obj 10 deeply deeply ADV _ 8 love advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall participle love vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in love=Location 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 have gerund tree rules 4 come infinitive tree rules 5 love to-infinitive someone deeply property vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Stimulus
Example 1 The apple has fallen from the tree.
det nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET apple NOUN has AUX fallen VERB from ADP the DET tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 apple det 2 apple apple NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen nsubj 3 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fallen aux 4 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 from from ADP _ 7 tree case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 tree det 7 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 fallen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall present · perfect the apple the tree vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from tree=Initial_Location
Example 2 We jumped in the pile of fallen leaves.
nsubj case det obl case amod nmod punct root We PRON jumped VERB in ADP the DET pile NOUN of ADP fallen VERB leaves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 jumped nsubj 2 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 pile case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pile det 5 pile pile NOUN Number=Sing 2 jumped obl 6 of of ADP _ 8 leaves case 7 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 leaves amod 8 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 5 pile nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump past We the pile of fallen leaves vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pile=Trajectory 2 fall participle vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 The baby had fallen asleep in the car.
det nsubj aux xcomp case det obl punct root The DET baby NOUN had AUX fallen VERB asleep ADJ in ADP the DET car NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 baby det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen nsubj 3 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 fallen aux 4 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 asleep asleep ADJ Degree=Pos 4 fallen xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 8 car case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 car det 8 car car NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 fallen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall past · perfect the baby the car asleep property vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in car=Location
Example 4 A fallen tree blocked the road after the storm.
det amod nsubj det obj case det obl punct root A DET fallen VERB tree NOUN blocked VERB the DET road NOUN after ADP the DET storm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 tree det 2 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 tree amod 3 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 4 blocked nsubj 4 blocked block VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 road det 6 road road NOUN Number=Sing 4 blocked obj 7 after after ADP _ 9 storm case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 storm det 9 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 4 blocked obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 blocked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall participle vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 block past a fallen tree the road after the storm vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer road=Theme
Example 5 The temperature has fallen below zero.
det nsubj aux case obl punct root The DET temperature NOUN has AUX fallen VERB below ADP zero NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 temperature det 2 temperature temperature NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen nsubj 3 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fallen aux 4 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 below below ADP _ 6 zero case 6 zero zero NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 fallen obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 fallen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall present · perfect the temperature zero vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme below zero=Location
Example 6 Never touch a fallen power line.
advmod det amod compound obj punct root Never ADV touch VERB a DET fallen VERB power NOUN line NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 touch advmod 2 touch touch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 line det 4 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 line amod 5 power power NOUN Number=Sing 6 line compound 6 line line NOUN Number=Sing 2 touch obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 touch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not touch imperative you not said here a fallen power line vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme line=Co-Theme 2 fall participle vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 My tooth has fallen out!
nmod:poss nsubj aux compound:prt punct root My PRON tooth NOUN has AUX fallen VERB out ADP ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 tooth nmod:poss 2 tooth tooth NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen nsubj 3 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fallen aux 4 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 out out ADP _ 4 fallen compound:prt 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 fallen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall out present · perfect My tooth vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 He has fallen over twice on the ice.
nsubj aux advmod advmod case det obl punct root He PRON has AUX fallen VERB over ADV twice ADV on ADP the DET ice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 fallen nsubj 2 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 fallen aux 3 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 over over ADV _ 3 fallen advmod 5 twice twice ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 3 fallen advmod 6 on on ADP _ 8 ice case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 ice det 8 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 3 fallen obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 fallen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall over present · perfect He the ice over, twice property vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on ice=Location
Example 9 'I have fallen in love with a beautiful deer!'
punct nsubj aux case obl case det amod obl punct punct root ' PUNCT I PRON have AUX fallen VERB in ADP love NOUN with ADP a DET beautiful ADJ deer NOUN ! PUNCT ' PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ' ' PUNCT _ 4 fallen punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 fallen nsubj 3 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fallen aux 4 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 love case 6 love love NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen obl 7 with with ADP _ 10 deer case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 deer det 9 beautiful beautiful ADJ Degree=Pos 10 deer amod 10 deer deer NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen obl 11 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 fallen punct 12 ' ' PUNCT _ 4 fallen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall present · perfect I love with a beautiful deer vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in love=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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