fermentation Who acts: Fermentation, tiny living things, It, Yeast fermentation, We, milk · What happens: be, break down, make, mean, rise, watch · To what, where: natural change, sugars, gas, yoghurt, wine, excitement
«fermentation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: fermentation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Fermentation is a natural change in which tiny living things like yeast or bacteria break down sugars, often making gas, acid or alcohol.
The tree, 23 words nsubj cop det amod case obl amod amod nsubj case nmod cc conj acl:relcl compound:prt obj punct advmod advcl obj punct appos cc conj punct root Fermentation NOUN is AUX a DET natural ADJ change NOUN in ADP which PRON tiny ADJ living ADJ things NOUN like ADP yeast NOUN or CCONJ bacteria NOUN break VERB down ADP sugars NOUN , PUNCT often ADV making VERB gas NOUN , PUNCT acid NOUN or CCONJ alcohol NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fermentation fermentation NOUN Number=Sing 5 change nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 change cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 change det 4 natural natural ADJ Degree=Pos 5 change amod 5 change change NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 which case 7 which which PRON PronType=Rel 15 break obl 8 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 10 things amod 9 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 10 things amod 10 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 15 break nsubj 11 like like ADP _ 12 yeast case 12 yeast yeast NOUN Number=Sing 10 things nmod 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 bacteria cc 14 bacteria bacterium NOUN Number=Plur 12 yeast conj 15 break break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 change acl:relcl 16 down down ADP _ 15 break compound:prt 17 sugars sugar NOUN Number=Plur 15 break obj 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 making punct 19 often often ADV _ 20 making advmod 20 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 15 break advcl 21 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing 20 making obj 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 acid punct 23 acid acid NOUN Number=Sing 21 gas appos 24 or or CCONJ _ 25 alcohol cc 25 alcohol alcohol NOUN Number=Sing 21 gas conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 5 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Fermentation a natural change tree rules 2 break down present tiny living things like yeast or bacteria sugars a natural change vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Patient 3 make gerund tiny living things like yeast or bacteria not said here gas or alcohol often property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset gas=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 It is how bread rises, how yoghurt, cheese, sauerkraut and kimchi are made, and how wine and beer are made.
The tree, 20 words nsubj cop advmod nsubj punct advmod nsubj:pass punct conj punct conj cc conj aux:pass conj punct cc advmod nsubj:pass cc conj aux:pass parataxis punct root It PRON is AUX how ADV bread NOUN rises VERB , PUNCT how ADV yoghurt NOUN , PUNCT cheese NOUN , PUNCT sauerkraut NOUN and CCONJ kimchi NOUN are AUX made VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ how ADV wine NOUN and CCONJ beer NOUN are AUX made VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 rises nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rises cop 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 5 rises advmod 4 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 5 rises nsubj 5 rises rise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 16 made punct 7 how how ADV PronType=Int 16 made advmod 8 yoghurt yoghurt NOUN Number=Sing 16 made nsubj:pass 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 cheese punct 10 cheese cheese NOUN Number=Sing 8 yoghurt conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 sauerkraut punct 12 sauerkraut sauerkraut NOUN Number=Sing 8 yoghurt conj 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 kimchi cc 14 kimchi kimchi NOUN Number=Sing 8 yoghurt conj 15 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 made aux:pass 16 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 rises conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 24 made punct 18 and and CCONJ _ 24 made cc 19 how how ADV PronType=Int 24 made advmod 20 wine wine NOUN Number=Sing 24 made nsubj:pass 21 and and CCONJ _ 22 beer cc 22 beer beer NOUN Number=Sing 20 wine conj 23 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 made aux:pass 24 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 16 made parataxis 25 . . PUNCT _ 5 rises punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It rise property tree rules 2 make present · passive yoghurt and cheese and sauerkraut and kimchi vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product 3 make present · passive wine and beer vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Meaning 3 Usage: figurative, formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Fermentation can mean excitement or unrest among people.
nsubj aux obj cc conj case obl punct root Fermentation NOUN can AUX mean VERB excitement NOUN or CCONJ unrest NOUN among ADP people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fermentation fermentation NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 excitement excitement NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 unrest cc 6 unrest unrest NOUN Number=Sing 4 excitement conj 7 among among ADP _ 8 people case 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 mean obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Fermentation excitement or unrest among people vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent excitement=Topic
Example 1 Yeast fermentation makes bread dough rise.
compound nsubj compound compound xcomp punct root Yeast NOUN fermentation NOUN makes VERB bread NOUN dough NOUN rise VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Yeast yeast NOUN Number=Sing 2 fermentation compound 2 fermentation fermentation NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes nsubj 3 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 5 dough compound 5 dough dough NOUN Number=Sing 6 rise compound 6 rise rise VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 makes xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Yeast fermentation tree rules 2 rise infinitive Yeast fermentation not said here vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 We watched fermentation blow up a balloon on a bottle.
nsubj compound xcomp compound:prt det obj case det obl punct root We PRON watched VERB fermentation NOUN blow VERB up ADP a DET balloon NOUN on ADP a DET bottle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 watched nsubj 2 watched watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 fermentation fermentation NOUN Number=Sing 4 blow compound 4 blow blow VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 watched xcomp 5 up up ADP _ 4 blow compound:prt 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 balloon det 7 balloon balloon NOUN Number=Sing 4 blow obj 8 on on ADP _ 10 bottle case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 bottle det 10 bottle bottle NOUN Number=Sing 4 blow obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 watched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 watch past We tree rules 2 blow up infinitive We not said here a balloon a bottle vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent balloon=Patient
Example 3 Yoghurt is made by fermentation of milk.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case nmod punct root Yoghurt NOUN is AUX made VERB by ADP fermentation NOUN of ADP milk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Yoghurt yoghurt NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 made aux:pass 3 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 5 fermentation case 5 fermentation fermentation NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obl 6 of of ADP _ 7 milk case 7 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 5 fermentation nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive fermentation of milk Yoghurt vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product 2 ferment milk nom fermentation «state intransitive»: of=agent
Example 4 Kimchi is a fermented cabbage dish from Korea.
nsubj cop det amod compound case nmod punct root Kimchi NOUN is AUX a DET fermented VERB cabbage NOUN dish NOUN from ADP Korea PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kimchi kimchi NOUN Number=Sing 6 dish nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 dish cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 dish det 4 fermented ferment VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 dish amod 5 cabbage cabbage NOUN Number=Sing 6 dish compound 6 dish dish NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 from from ADP _ 8 Korea case 8 Korea Korea PROPN Number=Sing 6 dish nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 dish punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ferment participle vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is a present Kimchi a fermented cabbage dish Korea tree rules
Example 5 Fermentation gives off carbon dioxide gas.
nsubj compound:prt compound compound obj punct root Fermentation NOUN gives VERB off ADP carbon NOUN dioxide NOUN gas NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fermentation fermentation NOUN Number=Sing 2 gives nsubj 2 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 off off ADP _ 2 gives compound:prt 4 carbon carbon NOUN Number=Sing 5 dioxide compound 5 dioxide dioxide NOUN Number=Sing 6 gas compound 6 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing 2 gives obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give off present Fermentation dioxide gas vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source gas=Theme
Example 6 Warmth speeds up fermentation.
nsubj compound:prt obj punct root Warmth NOUN speeds VERB up ADP fermentation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Warmth warmth NOUN Number=Sing 2 speeds nsubj 2 speeds speed VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 speeds compound:prt 4 fermentation fermentation NOUN Number=Sing 2 speeds obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 speeds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speed up present Warmth fermentation vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fermentation=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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