fingernail Who acts: hard thin layer, you, Mum, mud, Fingernails, She · What happens: cover, protect, scrub, wash, cut, be · To what, where: top, fingernails, hands, tiny fingernails, three millimetres, blackboard
«fingernail» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: fingernail in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The hard thin layer that covers and protects the top of the tip of each finger.
The tree, 16 words det amod amod nsubj acl:relcl cc conj det obj case det nmod case det nmod punct root The DET hard ADJ thin ADJ layer NOUN that PRON covers VERB and CCONJ protects VERB the DET top NOUN of ADP the DET tip NOUN of ADP each DET finger NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 layer det 2 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 4 layer amod 3 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 4 layer amod 4 layer layer NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 covers nsubj 6 covers cover VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 layer acl:relcl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 protects cc 8 protects protect VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 covers conj 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 top det 10 top top NOUN Number=Sing 8 protects obj 11 of of ADP _ 13 tip case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 tip det 13 tip tip NOUN Number=Sing 10 top nmod 14 of of ADP _ 16 finger case 15 each each DET PronType=Tot 16 finger det 16 finger finger NOUN Number=Sing 13 tip nmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 layer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present the hard thin layer vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme 2 protect present the hard thin layer not said here the top of the tip of each finger vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent top=Beneficiary
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Scrub under your fingernails when you wash your hands.
case nmod:poss obl mark nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj punct root Scrub VERB under ADP your PRON fingernails NOUN when SCONJ you PRON wash VERB your PRON hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scrub scrub VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 under under ADP _ 4 fingernails case 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 fingernails nmod:poss 4 fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 1 Scrub obl 5 when when SCONJ _ 7 wash mark 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 wash nsubj 7 wash wash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Scrub advcl 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 hands nmod:poss 9 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 7 wash obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Scrub punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scrub imperative you not said here your fingernails vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent 2 wash present you your hands vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
Example 2 Mum cut the baby's tiny fingernails.
nsubj det nmod:poss case amod obj punct root Mum NOUN cut VERB the DET baby NOUN 's PART tiny ADJ fingernails NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 cut nsubj 2 cut cut VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 baby det 4 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 7 fingernails nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 baby case 6 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 7 fingernails amod 7 fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 2 cut obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut past Mum the baby's tiny fingernails vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fingernail=Product
Example 3 There was mud under my fingernails after gardening.
expl nsubj case nmod:poss obl mark advcl punct root There PRON was VERB mud NOUN under ADP my PRON fingernails NOUN after SCONJ gardening VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 4 under under ADP _ 6 fingernails case 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 fingernails nmod:poss 6 fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 2 was obl 7 after after SCONJ _ 8 gardening mark 8 gardening garden VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 was advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past mud my fingernails; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under fingernail=Location 2 garden gerund mud not said here tree rules
Example 4 Try not to bite your fingernails.
advmod mark xcomp nmod:poss obj punct root Try VERB not PART to PART bite VERB your PRON fingernails NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Try try VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 bite advmod 3 to to PART _ 4 bite mark 4 bite bite VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Try xcomp 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 fingernails nmod:poss 6 fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 4 bite obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Try punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 try imperative you not said here vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 not bite not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here your fingernails vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fingernail=Patient
Example 5 Fingernails grow only about three millimetres a month.
nsubj advmod advmod nummod obj det nmod:unmarked punct root Fingernails NOUN grow VERB only ADV about ADV three NUM millimetres NOUN a DET month NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 2 grow nsubj 2 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 only only ADV _ 5 three advmod 4 about about ADV _ 5 three advmod 5 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 millimetres nummod 6 millimetres millimetre NOUN Number=Plur 2 grow obj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 month det 8 month month NOUN Number=Sing 6 millimetres nmod:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Fingernails three millimetres a month vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location millimetre=Theme
Example 6 She painted her fingernails pink for the party.
nsubj nmod:poss obj xcomp case det obl punct root She PRON painted VERB her PRON fingernails NOUN pink ADJ for ADP the DET party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 painted nsubj 2 painted paint VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 fingernails nmod:poss 4 fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 2 painted obj 5 pink pink ADJ Degree=Pos 2 painted xcomp 6 for for ADP _ 8 party case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 party det 8 party party NOUN Number=Sing 2 painted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 painted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 paint past She her fingernails for the party; pink property vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent fingernail=Result for party=Beneficiary
Example 7 Fingernails are made of the same stuff as hair.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det amod obl case nmod punct root Fingernails NOUN are AUX made VERB of ADP the DET same ADJ stuff NOUN as ADP hair NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 3 made nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 made aux:pass 3 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 of of ADP _ 7 stuff case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 stuff det 6 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stuff amod 7 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obl 8 as as ADP _ 9 hair case 9 hair hair NOUN Number=Sing 7 stuff nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Fingernails of the same stuff as hair vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 8 Scratching a blackboard with fingernails makes a horrible noise.
csubj det obj case obl det amod obj punct root Scratching VERB a DET blackboard NOUN with ADP fingernails NOUN makes VERB a DET horrible ADJ noise NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scratching scratch VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 makes csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 blackboard det 3 blackboard blackboard NOUN Number=Sing 1 Scratching obj 4 with with ADP _ 5 fingernails case 5 fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 1 Scratching obl 6 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 noise det 8 horrible horrible ADJ Degree=Pos 9 noise amod 9 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 6 makes obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scratch gerund a blackboard with fingernails vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blackboard=Patient with fingernail=Instrument 2 make present Scratching a horrible noise vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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